Summary NR 324 Final Exam Review.pdf

1. TypesiofiTraction Skin:iWeightsiattacheditoipatient’siskinitoidecreaseimuscleispamsiandiimmobilizeitheiextremity ibeforeisurgery.iExiBryantitractioni(forihipidysplasiaiinichildren)iandiBucki‘sitractioniforihip ifractureiiniadultipatients). Skeletal:iScrewsiareiinsertediintoibone.iUsediforilongiboneifracturesisuchiasifemur,itibia,ifibula, ihumerus,iulna,iradius,imetacarpals,iphalangesiandimetatarsals. Halo:iusediforicervicaliboneifractures.iNurseishouldimakeisureiwrenchitoireleaseirodsiis iattacheditoitheivest,isoiCPRicanibeiperformed. Nursinginterventions • Assessineurovascularistatusieveryihouriforithei1 st i24hrsiandithenieveryi4ihours. • Doinotiliftioriremoveiweights • Doinotiletiweightsirestionifloori(makeisureitheyiareihangingifreely) • Muscleispamsiareiexpectediandishouldibeitreatediw/meds,irepositioning,iheat,ior imessage.iUnrelievedimuscleispasmsishouldibeireporteditoiprovider. • Forihaloitraction,imoveipatientiasiaiunitiandidoinotiapplyipressureitoirods. • Monitoriforiskinibreakdown 2. Lupus Autoimmuneidisorderithaticausesichroniciinflammationiinitheibody.iThereiisinoicure.iThereiarei2 itypes.iSystemic i–iaffectsitheiconnectiveitissuesiinimultipleiorgans.iDiscoidi-iaffectsiskin i(butterflyirash). Riskifactors:iFemale,iagesi20-40,iracei(AfricaiAmerican,iAsian,iNativeiAmerican) iS&S:iFatigue,ijointipain,ifever,ibutterflyirashioniface,idepression,iedema,iRaynaud’s iphenomenon,ianemia,ipericarditis,ilymphadenopathy. Lab:ipositiveiANAititer,idecreasediserumicompletementi(C3/C4),idecreasediRBC,iWBC,iplatelets. iIncreaseiBUNiandicreatinineiwithikidneyiinvolvement. Med:iNSAIDs,immunosuppressantiagentsi(prednisone,imethotrexate),iantimalariaidrugs i(hydroxychloroquine),itopicalisteroidicreamsiforirash.