LIBERTY UNIVERSITY HIEU 201 CHAPTER 13 QUIZ(VERIFIED)

LIBERTY UNIVERSITY HIEU 201 CHAPTER 13 QUIZ The city-states of northern Italy differed from most of Europe because in the Italian city-states a. commercial activity flourished due to a monopoly of trade in Mediterranean areas. b. the feudal nobility played a much more important role in government than elsewhere in Europe. c. the feudal nobility refused to form alliances with urban elites. d. no guilds or corporate institutions developed. The republicanism of the city-states proved precarious for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a. conflict between nobles and merchants led one group, or both, to turn to one-man rule. b. the city-states had come to rely on mercenaries to fight their wars. c. the natural disasters of the period from 1350 to 1450 encouraged the drift towards despotism. d. there was no tradition of republicanism in the region and, therefore, its roots were never very deep. The chivalric code that had expressed social values in the Middle Ages was changed in the Renaissance so that a. military virtues and honor were no longer important in one's life. b. ambition and achievement, especially in politics, business, and art, were recognized as components of honor. c. the society was no longer elitist or aristocratic, but rather egalitarian and democratic. d. birth now counted more than wealth or landholding in defining a person's social status. hich of the following wrote texts that challenged traditional views of female potential? a. Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim b. Christine de Pizan c. Moderata Fonte d. all of the above In the Oration on the Dignity of Man, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola suggested a. man lacks the freedom to shape his own life but is made dignified by God's choices b. God alone possessed an understanding of nature. c. individuals lacked creative powers but could achieve nobility of spirit. d. the mastery of nature was within the grip of man. In relation to Italian humanists, Northern humanists a. were similar in their devotion to ancient learning; however, they related it primarily to religious goals. b. were similarly concerned less with religion than with civic duty. c. differed from the Italians in their tendency to ignore literature and to focus instead on painting, sculpture, and architecture. d. differed from the Italians in their rejection of ancient learning and their obsession with matters of religion. Erasmus (c. 1466–1536) argued that a. God's will is revealed directly in the Bible. b. religion depends on the power of the church c. a revival of scholasticism would strengthen European intellectual life. d. humanism was destroying Christianity. In contrast to Spanish humanism, English humanism a. was put in the exclusive service of the state. b. involved both religious and political figures. c. was a product of the church hierarchy. d. was used to reinforce mainstream views. Humanist support for the new princely ideal of peace and security was reflected in a. The Book of the Courtier. b. On Nobility and Excellence. c. City of Kings. d. The Prince. French thinker Michel de Montaigne (1533–1592) a. believed that a pious life was characterized by self-righteousness and adherence to established dogma. b. was a systematic philosopher whose famous Essays indicated continuity with earlier humanist thought. c. argued that one can know little or nothing with certainty. d. was an advocate of religious persecution and justified religious violence. played the most important role in making humanism an international movement. a. Machiavelli b. Erasmus c. Rabelais d. Francis I A major reason why the Renaissance began in northern Italy was the a. desire of the papacy, which controlled this area, to encourage the arts as a means of glorifying God. b. region's surplus of wealth, to support learning, culture, and the arts. c. region's stable political situation, under the firm control and protection of the Holy Roman emperor. d. region's lack of a previous cultural tradition, which led inhabitants to seek to overcome this relative inferiority. The Peace of Lodi, concluded in 1454, involved all of the following EXCEPT a. the kingdom of Naples and Sicily. b. France. c. the Papal States. d. Florence. Venice was able to maintain republican government longer than other cities because a. it gave a political voice to the entire population. b. it was too poor to attract the attention of mercenary leaders. c. it had a strong republican constitution. d. elites largely withdrew from government. Upper-class women in Italian cities a. possessed considerably less freedom than their medieval counterparts. b. enjoyed greater freedom in greater numbers than they had since the classical period. c. typically married relatively late in life to much younger men. d. were pressed to remarry upon the deaths of their husbands. he attitude of Renaissance humanists toward antiquity differed from the attitude of medieval scholars in that a. the humanists rejected Christianity and adopted the pagan views of the ancient Greeks and Romans. b. humanists valued the classics for their own sake and as a guide to the good life. c. the humanists expended great effort to fit ancient learning into the framework of Christian belief. d. medieval scholars had completely ignored or rejected the classics because of their pagan origins. Machiavelli is often considered the founder of modern political thought, because he a. drew upon the Roman tradition of cynicism as a basis for his political theory. b. tried to understand and explain statecraft independent of Christian morality. c. rejected God and Christianity and sought to ban them from a secular society. d. emphasized the equality of all citizens. The invention of the printing press a. helped create widespread literacy in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. b. did not stimulate a profitable book-publishing industry until long after the period of the Renaissance. c. was accompanied by aggressive censorship by political authorities. d. had little impact on critical scholarship and science. Medieval Muslim civilization a. grew prosperous from a flourishing trade throughout the Mediterranean. b. provided no sources to support the European Renaissance. c. rejected the educational tradition of ancient Greek and Latin scholars. d. experienced a decline similar to that of Christian Europe during the Early Middle Ages. The Renaissance put forth the idea that a. one should be realistic about the way the world is and not waste foolish efforts on trying to improve it. b. human beings are alone in an infinite universe, which operates according to natural laws, with no relationship to God. c. the individual is free to use inherent talent, will, and intelligence without having a destiny imposed by God. d. knowledge and understanding can be gained only by the complete rejection of the past.