NR 442 :Community Health Exam I
Chapters:
1: Overview of Community Health Nursing
2: Historical Factors
6: Community Assessment, Community Diagnosis and Planning
7: Community Health Planning
5: Epidemiology
26: Communicable Diseases
4: Health Promotion and Risk Reduction
10: Health Care Systems, Politics, Policy and Legislation in Community Health Nursing
11: The Health Care System
12: Economics of Health Care
Chapter 1:
- Community Health Nursing Specialty in nursing that focuses on the community
+ Combination of public health practice and nursing practice
1. Public Health Practice: Community organized efforts funded by State
Taxes
+ Mission of Public Health Practice: Social justice, which entitles all
people to basic necessities such as income, health protection and
accepts collective burden to make it possible
- Everyone is equal and has access to health care
2. Nursing Practice: 3 Key Factors
+ Knowledge
+ Skill
+ Ability to make independent nursing decisions
Winslow's Classic Definition of Public Health: 3 P'S
1. Promoting Health
2. Preventing Disease
3. Prolonging Life
Public Core Functions: APA
+ 10 core functions, classified in 3
An example is Illinois Department of Public Health
10 Core Functions:
1. Monitor health
+ Assessment
2. Enforce laws
+ Assurance
- Case review; development of reporting guidelines
3. Diagnose and investigate
+ Assessment
- Ebola screening; use of questionnaire
4. Link to provide care
1
, + Assurance
- Referral of clients to appropriate services
5. Inform, educate and empower
+ Policy Development
- Use of mass media, hotline number, information dissemination strategies
6. Assure a competent workforce
+ Assurance
- Training completion of identified healthcare workers, nurses, providers
7. Mobilize community partnerships
+ Policy Development
- Collaboration with state, local or community hospitals, CDC, IDPH, etc.
8. Evaluate
+ Assurance
- Follow-up care management; evaluation of care
9. Develop policies
+ Policy Development
- Mandated clinical documentation in patient's records, mandated
screening/questionnaire of patients
10. Research
+ Assurance
- Diagnostics, Therapeutics, Vaccine research ongoing
3 Classifications of Public Core Functions: APA
1. Assessment
2. Policy Development
3. Assurance
Indicators of Health
What indicators do we use to measure health?
+ Characteristics of a population that can be measured
1. Morbidity: Proportion of illnesses in a population
2. Mortality: Incidence of deaths in a population
Goal of Healthy People 2020:
+ To increase quality and years of healthy life
+ To eliminate health disparities
Healthy People 2020
- 10-year national program
+ Vision: A society in which all people live long, healthy lives
Overarching Goals:
1. Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease
2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all
groups
3. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
2
, 4. Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all
life stages
*** Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicators ***
+ Access to Health Services
+ Clinical Preventive Services
+ Environmental Quality
+ Injury and Violence
+ Maternal, Infant, and Child Health
+ Mental Health
+ Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity
+ Oral Health
+ Reproductive and Sexual Health
+ Social Determinants
+ Substance Abuse
+ Tobacco Use
Public Health
+ 2 components
1. Population Focused
Examples:
- Elderly
- Male vs. Females
- School-Aged Children
* Look at data to know who needs the most help
2. Provision of Essential Services
- What services is the community lacking?
* Assess based on population chosen
Community Health Nursing
Essentials of Community Health Nursing:
1. Determinants of Health
- Factors that influence health of community
+ Education
+ Stress
+ Socioeconomics
+ Health
2. Health Indicators
- Morbidity and mortality rates
+ Important to look at population target groups that need help
3. Nurses
- Availability of healthcare professionals
*** Community Health Nursing ***
- 2 different classifications
1. Community Oriented Nursing
3
Chapters:
1: Overview of Community Health Nursing
2: Historical Factors
6: Community Assessment, Community Diagnosis and Planning
7: Community Health Planning
5: Epidemiology
26: Communicable Diseases
4: Health Promotion and Risk Reduction
10: Health Care Systems, Politics, Policy and Legislation in Community Health Nursing
11: The Health Care System
12: Economics of Health Care
Chapter 1:
- Community Health Nursing Specialty in nursing that focuses on the community
+ Combination of public health practice and nursing practice
1. Public Health Practice: Community organized efforts funded by State
Taxes
+ Mission of Public Health Practice: Social justice, which entitles all
people to basic necessities such as income, health protection and
accepts collective burden to make it possible
- Everyone is equal and has access to health care
2. Nursing Practice: 3 Key Factors
+ Knowledge
+ Skill
+ Ability to make independent nursing decisions
Winslow's Classic Definition of Public Health: 3 P'S
1. Promoting Health
2. Preventing Disease
3. Prolonging Life
Public Core Functions: APA
+ 10 core functions, classified in 3
An example is Illinois Department of Public Health
10 Core Functions:
1. Monitor health
+ Assessment
2. Enforce laws
+ Assurance
- Case review; development of reporting guidelines
3. Diagnose and investigate
+ Assessment
- Ebola screening; use of questionnaire
4. Link to provide care
1
, + Assurance
- Referral of clients to appropriate services
5. Inform, educate and empower
+ Policy Development
- Use of mass media, hotline number, information dissemination strategies
6. Assure a competent workforce
+ Assurance
- Training completion of identified healthcare workers, nurses, providers
7. Mobilize community partnerships
+ Policy Development
- Collaboration with state, local or community hospitals, CDC, IDPH, etc.
8. Evaluate
+ Assurance
- Follow-up care management; evaluation of care
9. Develop policies
+ Policy Development
- Mandated clinical documentation in patient's records, mandated
screening/questionnaire of patients
10. Research
+ Assurance
- Diagnostics, Therapeutics, Vaccine research ongoing
3 Classifications of Public Core Functions: APA
1. Assessment
2. Policy Development
3. Assurance
Indicators of Health
What indicators do we use to measure health?
+ Characteristics of a population that can be measured
1. Morbidity: Proportion of illnesses in a population
2. Mortality: Incidence of deaths in a population
Goal of Healthy People 2020:
+ To increase quality and years of healthy life
+ To eliminate health disparities
Healthy People 2020
- 10-year national program
+ Vision: A society in which all people live long, healthy lives
Overarching Goals:
1. Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease
2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all
groups
3. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
2
, 4. Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all
life stages
*** Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicators ***
+ Access to Health Services
+ Clinical Preventive Services
+ Environmental Quality
+ Injury and Violence
+ Maternal, Infant, and Child Health
+ Mental Health
+ Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity
+ Oral Health
+ Reproductive and Sexual Health
+ Social Determinants
+ Substance Abuse
+ Tobacco Use
Public Health
+ 2 components
1. Population Focused
Examples:
- Elderly
- Male vs. Females
- School-Aged Children
* Look at data to know who needs the most help
2. Provision of Essential Services
- What services is the community lacking?
* Assess based on population chosen
Community Health Nursing
Essentials of Community Health Nursing:
1. Determinants of Health
- Factors that influence health of community
+ Education
+ Stress
+ Socioeconomics
+ Health
2. Health Indicators
- Morbidity and mortality rates
+ Important to look at population target groups that need help
3. Nurses
- Availability of healthcare professionals
*** Community Health Nursing ***
- 2 different classifications
1. Community Oriented Nursing
3
