CPR BLS Exam 2021 AHA 2021/2022

Why is defibrillation important? It can restore a regular cardiac rhythm (An AED can identify an abnormal heart rhythm that needs a shock. The AED can then deliver a shock that can convert a rhythm back to normal.) While performing high-quality CPR on an adult patient, what action should you ensure is being accomplished? Compressing to a depth of at least 2 inches (When performing chest compressions on an adult (or adolescent), a compression depth of at least 2 inches (5 cm) should be used.) 00:28 01:08 A 63-year-old man collapses while mowing the lawn. He is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a pulse. A neighbor, who is an EMT, rushes to her with an AED. When the AED arrives, what is the first step for using it? Turn on the AED (The first step for using an AED (when it becomes available) is to power on the AED if needed. Some devices will power on automatically when you open the lid or case. Because AEDs vary according to the model and manufacturer, it is important to become familiar with the AED used in your particular setting.) After the AED pads are attached to the victim's bare chest, the AED prompts you to shock the victim. What is the next step when using an AED? Follow the AED prompts and press the shock button once everyone is clear. (After the AED pads are attached to the victim's bare chest, you should follow the AED prompts. The AED will analyze the victim's heart rhythm and prompt you to deliver a shock if needed.) What should you do if you need to use an AED on someone who has been submerged in a pool? Pull the victim out of the water, and wipe the chest, and use the AED (Special situations may require the rescuer to take additional actions when placing AED pads for a victim who is immersed in water. In this case, the victim should be pulled out of the water. If the chest is covered with some water, it should be quickly wiped before attaching the AED pads.) A victim with who is choking becomes unresponsive. What is your first course of action? Start CPR, beginning with chest compressions (Choking victims with severe airway obstruction may worsen and become unresponsive. If this occurs, then high-quality CPR must be started immediately, beginning with chest compressions.) When using a bag-mask device, how can rescuers ensure that they are providing effective breaths? Observing the chest rise with breaths (Squeeze the bag to give breaths (1 second each) while watching for chest rise. Deliver each breath over 1 second, with or without supplementary oxygen.) What ratio for compressions to breaths should be used for 1-rescuer infant CPR? 30 compressions to 2 breaths (For 1-rescuer infant CPR, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 30:2.) What is a consideration when you are using an AED? On a hairy chest, the pads may not stick and may fail to deliver a shock, therefore a razor should be used to shave the victim (Special situations may require the rescuer to take additional actions when placing AED pads on a victim who has a hairy chest. In this case, the AED pads may stick to the hair and not to the skin on the chest, making it difficult to analyze the victim's heart rhythm and deliver a shock (if needed). Most AED kits contain a razor for this reason.) A 7-year-old child has suddenly collapsed. After confirming that the scene is safe, a single rescuer determines that the child is in cardiac arrest, shouts for nearby help, and calls 911. The rescuer immediately begins CPR. Two additional rescuers arrive to assist in the resuscitation attempt. What actions should occur next, to support a team-based resuscitation attempt? 2 rescuers alternate giving high-quality chest compressions (To reduce rescuer fatigue, switch compressors every 5 cycles (about 2 minutes) or sooner if needed. To minimize interruptions in compressions, perform the switch when the AED is analyzing the rhythm. Take less than 5 seconds to switch.) Two rescuers begin CPR while the third rescuer leaves to get the AED. What action supports 2-rescuer CPR? Alternating the compressor role every 2 minutes (To reduce rescuer fatigue, switch compressors every 5 cycles (about 2 minutes) or sooner if needed. To minimize interruptions in compressions, perform the switch when the AED is analyzing the rhythm. Take less than 5 seconds to switch.) You witness a friend suddenly collapse at work. The person is unresponsive, you hear gasping sounds, and there is no pulse. What should you do next? Begin CPR; the gasps are not normal breathing (The gasps described in this question are most likely agonal gasps. Agonal gasps are not considered normal breathing and are a sign of cardiac arrest. High-quality CPR should be started immediately.)