Pharm ATI Learning System 3.0 Final 2021 questions and answers

A nurse is assessing a client who reports using several herbal and vitamin supplements daily, including saw palmetto. The nurse should recognize that saw palmetto is a supplement used by clients to elicit which of the following therapeutic effects A. urinary health promotion B. immune system stimulation C. decreased leg pain from arterial disease D. prevention of nausea caused by motion sickness A. urinary health promotion Saw palmetto is used primarily for manifestations related to prostatic conditions, such as benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Its effectiveness has not been scientifically proven, however. The nurse should teach the client to check with the provider about interactions between saw palmetto and other medications. A nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a 6-year-old client who has asthma and several prescription medications using metered dose inhalers [MDIs]. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? A. add spacer to each MDI B. instruct the child to inhale more rapidly C. request that the provider change the child's medications from inhaled to oral formulations D. administer oxygen by facemask along with the MDI A. add spacer to each MDI MDIs are difficult to use correctly and, even when properly used, only a portion of the medication is delivered to the lungs. A spacer applied to an MDI can make up for lack of hand-lung coordination by increasing the amount of medication delivered to the lungs. 00:41 01:34 A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has postmenopausal osteoporosis and a new prescription for intranasal calcitonin-salmon. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. I will administer a spray into each nostril daily B. I should expect nasal bleeding for the first week C. I will need to depress the side arms to activate the pump D. I should expect to take this medication for a short-term course of treatment C. I will need to depress the side arms to activate the pump The nurse should instruct the client to activate the pump on the initial use by holding the bottle upright and depressing the two white side arms toward the bottle six times. A nurse in an outpatient facility is assessing a client who is prescribed furosemide 40 mg daily, but the client reports that she has been taking extra doses to promote weight loss. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is dehydrated? A. urine specific gravity 1.035 B. distended neck veins C. BUN 18 mg/dL D. bounding radial pulse A. urine specific gravity 1.035 Oliguria, increased urine concentration, and an increase in urine specific gravity greater than 1.030 are expected findings in clients who are dehydrated. A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 900 units/hr. via IV infusion. The amount available is heparin 25, 000 units in 500 mL 5% dextrose in water. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round to the nearest whole number) 18 mL/hr A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic stable angina pectoris and a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Identify the sequence of instructions that the nurse should tell the client to use if he experiences chest pain? Wait for 5 min Stop activity Call 911 if the pain is not relieved Place a tablet under the tongue Stop activity Place a tablet under the tongue Wait for 5 min Call 911 if the pain is not relieved A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to start taking Hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension. The nurse instructs the client to eat foods rich in potassium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. this medication will not work unless I have enough potassium B. potassium will increase the therapeutic effect of my blood medication C. potassium will lower my blood pressure D. this medication can cause a loss of potasium D. this medication can cause a loss of potassium Hydrochlorothiazide can result in hypokalemia caused by excessive potassium excretion by the kidneys. The client should supplement his diet with potassium-rich foods to avoid the occurrence of hypokalemia. Foods that are high in potassium include bananas, raisins, baked potatoes, pumpkins, and milk. A home health nurse is visiting an older adult client who has Alzheimer's disease. His caregiver tells the nurse she has been administering prescribed Lorazepam, 1 mg three times per day, to the client for restlessness and anxiety during the past few days. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse assess the client? A. low-grade fever B. sedation C. diuresis D. tonic-clonic seizures B. sedation Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine with anti-anxiety and sedative effects. Older adult clients, especially, are at risk for central nervous system depression even with low doses of benzodiazepines. Clients who are 50 years or older can have a more profound and prolonged sedation than younger clients. A nurse is preparing to administer Digoxin 0.2 mg via IV bolus to a client. The amount available is Digoxin 0.25 mg/1ml. How many ml should the nurse administer? 0.8 mL A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who had a kidney transplant and has a prescription for oral cyclosporine. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. I will be able to stop taking this medication 6 months after my surgery B. I am likely to develop higher bp while taking this medication C. I am likely to lose my hair while taking this medication D. I am taking this medication to boost my immune system B. I am likely to develop higher bp while taking this medication Half the clients who take cyclosporine develop a 10% to 15% increase in blood pressure and might need to start antihypertensive therapy. A nurse is caring for a client who is in preterm labor and has a new prescription for Nifedipine. The client states she is concerned because her father takes Nifedipine for his angina pectoris. The nurse should explain to the client that Nifedipine works for clients who are pregnant by which of the following mechanisms? A. it decreases the incidence of bacterial vaginosis, thus preventing uterine contractions B. it inhibits uterine contraction by blocking entry of calcium into uterine cells C. it decreases the activity within the CNS, which regulates all smooth muscles D. it stimulates beta2 receptors in the uterus, which results in decreased frequency of contractions B. it inhibits uterine contractions by blocking entry calcium into uterine cells Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, causes uterine relaxation by blocking the flow of calcium to the myometrial cells of the uterus. A nurse is administering Adenosine via IV bolus for a client who has developed paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. For which of the following findings should the nurse assess the client during administration of Adenosine? A. seizures B. cinchonism C. dyspnea D. transient pallor of the face C. dyspnea Dyspnea can occur during administration of adenosine due to bronchoconstriction. Since adenosine has a very short half-life of about 10 seconds, this effect should be short-lived.