NUR 2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology Module 9 Quiz
1. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find in a client with Graves
disease?
- Double vision
Rat:
Graves disease is an autoimmune disease that can cause goiter (diffuse thyroid
enlargement) and ophthalmopathy, which may lead to double vision (diplopia). The
disease is manifested by protruding eyeballs (exophthalmos), not sunken eyeballs.
Hyperthermia occurs in thyrotoxic crisis. Myxedema coma occurs in hypothyroidism, not
Graves disease (hyperthyroidism).
2. A client has pheochromocytoma. Which piece of equipment should the nurse obtain to
best assess this condition?
- Blood pressure cuff
Rat:
Pheochromocytoma causes persistent hypertension, so a blood pressure cuff is needed.
An otoscope, a thermometer, and a reflex hammer are not as useful in this context as a
blood pressure cuff.
3. Which finding will alert the nurse that the client with hypoparathyroidism is experiencing
tetany?
- Laryngeal spasm
, Rat:
In hypoparathyroidism, hypocalcemia creates tetany, a condition characterized by muscle
spasms, hyperreflexia, clonic-tonic convulsions, laryngeal spasms, and, in severe cases,
death by asphyxiation. Hypocalcemia causes a lowered threshold for nerve and muscle
excitation, so that a nerve impulse may be initiated by a slight stimulus anywhere along
the length of a nerve or muscle fiber. Tetany does not cause osteoporosis (porous bones),
insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes), or metabolic acidosis (acid-base imbalance).
4. Which clinical manifestation will the nurse typically see in a client just diagnosed with
hyperthroidism?
- Goiter
- Weight loss
Rat:
Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) and weight loss are common signs of hyperthyroidism.
Constipation occurs with hypothyroidism. Gait disturbances are not characteristic of
hyperthyroidism. Hyperreflexia, not slow tendon reflexes, is common in
hyperthyroidism.
5. Which client should the nurse most closely monitor for the development of myxedema
coma?
- One with untreated hypothyroidism
Rat:
Myxedema coma is caused by untreated hypothyroidism or occurs after overuse of
narcotics/sedatives or an acute illness in hypothyroid individuals. Parathyroid adenoma
1. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find in a client with Graves
disease?
- Double vision
Rat:
Graves disease is an autoimmune disease that can cause goiter (diffuse thyroid
enlargement) and ophthalmopathy, which may lead to double vision (diplopia). The
disease is manifested by protruding eyeballs (exophthalmos), not sunken eyeballs.
Hyperthermia occurs in thyrotoxic crisis. Myxedema coma occurs in hypothyroidism, not
Graves disease (hyperthyroidism).
2. A client has pheochromocytoma. Which piece of equipment should the nurse obtain to
best assess this condition?
- Blood pressure cuff
Rat:
Pheochromocytoma causes persistent hypertension, so a blood pressure cuff is needed.
An otoscope, a thermometer, and a reflex hammer are not as useful in this context as a
blood pressure cuff.
3. Which finding will alert the nurse that the client with hypoparathyroidism is experiencing
tetany?
- Laryngeal spasm
, Rat:
In hypoparathyroidism, hypocalcemia creates tetany, a condition characterized by muscle
spasms, hyperreflexia, clonic-tonic convulsions, laryngeal spasms, and, in severe cases,
death by asphyxiation. Hypocalcemia causes a lowered threshold for nerve and muscle
excitation, so that a nerve impulse may be initiated by a slight stimulus anywhere along
the length of a nerve or muscle fiber. Tetany does not cause osteoporosis (porous bones),
insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes), or metabolic acidosis (acid-base imbalance).
4. Which clinical manifestation will the nurse typically see in a client just diagnosed with
hyperthroidism?
- Goiter
- Weight loss
Rat:
Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) and weight loss are common signs of hyperthyroidism.
Constipation occurs with hypothyroidism. Gait disturbances are not characteristic of
hyperthyroidism. Hyperreflexia, not slow tendon reflexes, is common in
hyperthyroidism.
5. Which client should the nurse most closely monitor for the development of myxedema
coma?
- One with untreated hypothyroidism
Rat:
Myxedema coma is caused by untreated hypothyroidism or occurs after overuse of
narcotics/sedatives or an acute illness in hypothyroid individuals. Parathyroid adenoma
