Maternal & Child Health Nursing Chapter 5

Hormonal regulation of reproductive functions in both the male and the female are complicated processes. In the male, where are the sex hormones produced? A) Testes B) Bulbourethral glands C) Seminal vesicles D) Cowper's glands A) Testes The testes serve two important functions: production of androgens (male sex hormones) and formation and maturation of spermatozoa. When reviewing normal menstruation with an early adolescent, the nurse would teach that during the second half of a typical menstrual cycle, the endometrium of the uterus becomes: A) thick and purple-hued, due to progesterone stimulation. B) thin and transparent, due to progesterone stimulation. C) thin and transparent, due to follicle-stimulating hormone. D) thick and purple-hued, due to estrogen stimulation. A) thick and purple-hued, due to progesterone stimulation. Progesterone is released following ovulation and thus is the dominating hormone of the second half of the menstrual cycle; its effect is to increase endometrium growth. Progesterone stimulates a growth of tissue, not a thinning of it. FSH and estrogen are found in the earlier stages of menstruation, not in the second half. 00:09 00:53 The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who is receiving aggressive drug therapy for treatment of HIV. The goal of this therapy is to: A) improve survival rates. B) promote the progression of disease. C) conduct additional drug research. D) intervene in late-stage AIDS. A) improve survival rates. Aggressive anti-retroviral therapy aims to reduce HIV morbidity and mortality, thereby improving survival rates. Drug therapy also aims to decrease the HIV viral load, restore the body's ability to fight off infection, and improve the quality of life. Drug therapy does not promote the progression of the disease. It is started at the time of the first infection, not in late-stage AIDS. Treatment advances have been based on research, but drug therapy is not prescribed to conduct additional research. Assessment of a female client reveals a thick, white vaginal discharge. The client also reports intense itching and dyspareunia. Based on these findings, the nurse would suspect that the client has: A) candidiasis. B) trichomoniasis. C) genital herpes simplex. D) bacterial vaginosis. A) candidiasis. A thick, white vaginal discharge accompanied by intense itching and dyspareunia suggest vulvovaginal candidiasis. Trichomoniasis is characterized by a heavy yellow, green, or gray frothy or bubbly discharge. Bacterial vaginosis is manifested by a thin, white homogenous vaginal discharge with a characteristic stale fish-like odor. Genital herpes simplex involves genital ulcers. A client with a 28-day cycle reports that she ovulated on May 10. When would the nurse expect the client's next menses to begin? A) May 30 B) May 24 C) May 26 D) June 1 B) May 24 For a woman with a 28-day cycle, ovulation typically occurs on day 14. Therefore, her next menses would begin 14 days later, on May 24. A client would like to practice safer sex and wants information about a method that is 100% safe. Which response by the nurse would be most accurate? A) "Make sure your partner uses a condom." B) "Avoid intercourse during menstruation." C) "Maintain a monogamous relationship." D) "No method is 100% safe." D) "No method is 100% safe." Safer sex is called safer sex because no method is 100% safe. Use of a condom or maintaining a monogamous relationship, although helpful in reducing the risk of sexually transmitted infections, will not prevent infections or unwanted pregnancies totally. Avoiding intercourse during menstruation does not prevent pregnancy. A school nurse who is teaching a health course at the local high school is presenting information on human development and sexuality. When talking about the role of hormones in sexual development, which hormone does the nurse teach the class is the most important for developing and maintaining the female reproductive organs? A) progesterone B) follicle-stimulating hormone C) androgens D) estrogen D) estrogen Estrogens are responsible for developing and maintaining the female reproductive organs. Progesterone is the most important hormone for conditioning the endometrium in preparation for implantation of the fertilized ovum. Androgens, secreted by the ovaries in small amounts, are involved in the early development of the follicle and affect the female libido. Follicle-stimulating hormone is responsible for stimulating the ovaries to secrete estrogen. A group of students are reviewing material in preparation for a test on the male and female breasts. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which information? A) Striated muscle in the nipples contract causing them to become erect. B) Progesterone is primarily responsible for the growth of breast tissue. C) A primary function of the female breast is to produce milk. D) The breasts contain a limited supply of blood vessels. C) A primary function of the female breast is to produce milk. A primary function of the female breast is to produce milk, a process called lactation. The breasts contain an abundant supply of blood vessels and lymphatics. Estrogen is the hormone primarily responsible for the growth and development of breast tissue. Smooth muscle in the nipples contracts, causing them to become erect when cold, touched, or sexually stimulated. The nurse is reviewing the functions of the ovaries, uterus, clitoris, and vagina with a group of nursing students. What would be the best response by a nursing student about the function of the ovaries? A) They produce female gametes or ova and secrete female sex hormones. B) They receive sperm, provide an exit for menstrual flow, and serve as the birth canal. C) They receive the fertilized ovum and provide housing and nourishment for a fetus. D) They are a small erectile structure that responds to sexual stimulation. A) They produce female gametes or ova and secrete female sex hormones. The ovaries' functions are to produce female gametes or ova and secrete female sex hormones. The uterus's functions are to receive the fertilized ovum and provide housing and nourishment for a fetus. The vagina's functions are to receive sperm, provide an exit for menstrual flow, and serve as the birth canal. The clitoris is a small erectile structure that responds to sexual stimulation.