Emergency Medicine American Red Cross Lifeguard Tests A&B / American Red Cross Lifeguard TEST Solution Guide updated 2022.

Emergency Medicine American Red Cross Lifeguard Tests A&B / American Red Cross Lifeguard TEST Solution Guide updated 2022. How can you best protect yourself from possible bloodborne pathogen transmission when providing care? ans: d. Use personal protective equipment (PPE), such as disposable gloves and a breathing barrier, when providing care. A 12-year-old boy at a swim meet grabs his chest and begins to make wheezing noises. After you obtain consent to provide care, his mother informs you that he has a history of asthma, but does not have his inhaler nearby. What care should you provide? ans: b. Summon more advanced medical personnel and place the victim into a position that While having a snack in the concession area, a child suddenly clutches his throat with both hands. You ask him if he is choking and he frantically nods yes. You activate your facility's emergency action plan (EAP). You identify yourself as a lifeguard and obtain consent from the parents. What should you do next? ans: d. Stand or kneel behind the victim and give 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts. You and another lifeguard find an unconscious adult on the floor in the locker room. You activate your facility's EAP, size-up the scene and perform a primary assessment. You find the victim is not moving or breathing, but has a pulse. You should summon EMS personnel, then: ans: a. Give 1 rescue breath about every 5 seconds. You come upon a scene where a patron appears to be injured. Before approaching the victim, which of the following will you not do as you size-up the scene? ans: c. Begin the primary assessment. When providing care during an emergency, which of the following should you do first? ans: c. Size-up the scene. As the first lifeguard on the scene, you are performing CPR on an adult. When performing chest compressions, how deeply should you compress the chest? ans: d. At least 2 inches CPR should be performed on which of the following victims? ans: c. One who is in cardiac arrest What is the first step of the Cardiac Chain of Survival? ans: d. Early recognition and access to the emergency medical services (EMS) system You are providing care to a victim having a heart attack. Which of the following would you do first? ans: d. Summon EMS personnel. Once you have turned on the automated external defibrillator (AED), you should: ans: a. Apply the pads and allow the AED to analyze the heart rhythm. To ensure effective chest compressions during CPR, which of the following is most appropriate? ans: a. Allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions You are performing CPR on a victim and a second lifeguard arrives. Which of the following is most appropriate for the second lifeguard to do first? ans: c. Check to see whether EMS personnel have been called. Which of the following is most essential to use when giving ventilations to protect you and the victim from disease transmission? ans: a. CPR breathing barriers You are providing care to a facility maintenance worker who has fallen off the top of a ladder. The victim is conscious. Which of the following should you do first? ans: c. Obtain consent from the victim to provide care. For which of the following should you summon EMS personnel? ans: d. A victim with an open leg wound with the bone protruding You pull an unconscious adult from the water who is taking infrequent gasps. During the primary assessment you find that the victim has a pulse. What should you do next? ans: d. Give 2 initial ventilations. If there is a risk of the AED pads touching each other, such as with a small child or an infant, you should: ans: a. Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back. You have sized up the scene and determined the scene is safe. When performing a primary assessment, which of the following would you do next? ans: a. Check for responsiveness Which of the following statements about bag-valve-mask resuscitators (BVMs) is most accurate? ans: c. Two rescuers need to operate the BVM. You are preparing to give ventilations to a 5-year-old boy using a resuscitation mask. You should give 1 ventilation about every: ans: c. 3 seconds When compressing a child's chest during CPR, you should compress at a rate of at least how many compressions per minute? ans: b. 100 An AED has advised that a shock should be given. Which of the following is appropriate? ans: d. Tell everyone to stand clear of the victim. You are about to apply AED pads to a victim's chest when you notice that the victim has several body piercings with jewelry on his chest. Which of the following should you do? ans: a. Apply the pads to the chest, making sure to avoid the jewelry. The cycle of chest compressions and ventilations in two-rescuer CPR for an infant is: ans: b. 15 chest compressions and 2 ventilations. You are positioned above the child's head and are using a resuscitation mask to give ventilations. After you position the mask, which of the following should you do next? ans: d. Seal the mask. You are providing care to a patron who started choking on some food. The victim becomes unconscious. Which of the following should you do first? ans: b. Lower the victim carefully to the ground and open his airway. Where should you place your hands when giving chest compressions to an infant during CPR? ans: c. One hand on the forehead and one hand on the chest When giving abdominal thrusts to an adult, where should you position your fist? ans: d. On the rib cage When providing care to a conscious infant who is choking, which of the following is most appropriate? ans: Positioning the infant so the head is lower than the chest A person has been injured and is conscious. You should: ans: b. Obtain consent, check the victim for life-threatening conditions and speak with the victim to find out what happened. The purpose of the secondary assessment is to: ans: b. Identify and care for conditions that are not life threatening. An injured patron is conscious and bleeding severely. After summoning EMS personnel, obtaining consent and putting on disposable gloves, what is your next care step? ans: d. Press firmly against the wound with a sterile dressing and bandage. A way to remember the questions to ask when taking a brief history is to use the acronym SAMPLE. What does the A in SAMPLE stand for? ans: c. Allergies What is the first step you should take in caring for a victim with burns? ans: c. Remove the victim from the source of the burn. If a victim is having a seizure in the water: ans: d. Support the victim with his or her head above water until the seizure ends. During a swim meet, the bleachers behind your guard station suddenly collapse. As you check the scene, you notice several people who appear injured. Who should you approach first? ans: b. A man who appears unconscious. When caring for musculoskeletal injuries, what does RICE stand for? ans: a. Rest, immobilize, cold, elevate Signs and symptoms of sudden illness do not include: ans: c. Bruising or rigidness of the abdomen. What does the C stand for in LOC? ans: c. Consciousness. You notice a patron that is swimming laps who suddenly slips under water without a struggle and does not resurface. This person is probably: ans: b. A passive victim who needs help. Primary responsibilities of a lifeguard include: ans: c. Inspecting the pool and rescue equipment before the facility opens and paying close attention to patrons in the water by actively scanning the assigned area. b. Move the victim directly onto a backboard. 3. A man is unexpectedly pushed from behind and falls from the deck into the water and is in distress. After you activate the emergency action plan (EAP), what are included in your next steps. ans: d. Extend a rescue tube to him while remaining on deck, then provide any additional care. Which of the following is a primary responsibility of a lifeguard? ans: a. Enforcing facility rules and regulations and educating patrons about them 5. For a head, neck or spinal injury in deep water: ans: a. Minimize movement of the victim's head and neck using the head splint technique. While scanning your zone, you notice a person motionless in the water. The steps you follow in a water emergency are performed in the following order: ans: c. Activate the EAP, enter the water, perform an appropriate rescue, move the victim to a safe exit point, remove the victim from the water and provide emergency care as needed. 7. While scanning the pool, you witness a patron struggling while swimming and then go under water. Which of the following applies? ans: a. You have duty to act and perform the appropriate rescue. A lifeguard can no longer see some of the patrons at one side of the swimming area from his station because of glare from the afternoon sun. To maintain effective patron surveillance, the lifeguard should:ans: a. Adjust his position slightly to remove the glare spot from his surveillance area. A patron starts running on the deck. You blow your whistle to get her attention. Next, you enforce the rules and regulations by: ans: c. Telling her she could slip or fall and she must walk on the deck. When caring for a suspected head, neck or spinal injury in water, proper manual in-line stabilization is: ans: b. Provided using the head splint technique. Working with other lifeguards, facility staff and supervisors as a team is: ans: b. One of the primary responsibilities of a lifeguard. You are a lifeguard on surveillance duty during a busy family swim session. It is important to: ans: b. Scan all areas in your assigned zone of coverage and carry your rescue tube with you at all times. 13. A head, neck or spinal injury rarely happens: ans: a. In deep water at a supervised facility. Which of the following is true about accidental fecal releases (AFRs)? ans: c. Require water treatment, temporary pool closure and immediate lifeguard attention. You are lifeguarding during a family swim session when you notice a swimmer swimming full lengths of the pool under water. What should you do? ans: c. Immediately stop him from continuing the activity and explain the dangers of the activity. After removing a conscious victim you suspect has a spinal injury from the water, you should do all the following except: ans: c. Dry the victim off and apply the pads of an AED. 17. Two lifeguards are on surveillance duty during a public swim. You are on a break. One lifeguard activates the facility's EAP for a submerged passive victim and enters the water. Which steps should you