Pediatric Hesi TEST BANK
Norms for growth and development ans: Birth weight doubles by 6 months, triples by yr
Peek a boo by 6 month
Sits upright without support by 8
pincher grip by 10-12
Hesi hint ans: Mobiles: infant
Puppets: toddler/preschool
Cars: preschool
Games: school age
Themselves: adolescent
Toddlers ans: 2-3 word sentences at 2
Ritualistic
Preschool ans: Favorite word is why
Sentences of 5-8
School age ans: Each yr gains 4-6 lbs grows 2 inches
Socialization with peers very important
Immunization ans: Cold doesn't stop it unless > 99
Use acetaminophen orally
Cystic fibrosis ans: Autosomal recessive
Absence of pancreatic enzymes
Greasy stool
Chronic pulmonary infections
High sweat test
Pancreatic enzymes with meals
Digoxin therapy in kids ans: Hold infants <100, kids <80
Don't skip or make up dose
Give 1-2 hrs before meals
S/s over dose: vomiting, diarrhea, muscle weakness, drowsiness
Vent septal defect ans: Abnormal opening between ventricles
Acyanotic
Atrial septal defect ans: Opening in atria
Acyanotic
Patent ductus arterious ans: Hole between aorta and pulmonary artery
Acyanototic
,So are coarctation of aorta and aortic stenosis
Cyanotic heart defects ans: Tetralogy of fallot: 4 defects
Transposition of the great vessels: everything is criss crossed
Truncus arterious : single great vessel instead of 2
Rheumatic fever ans: Most common cause of acquired heart disease
Affects connective tissue, sore throat than fever
Lots of rest, home school
Resp distress infants ans: Increase rr
axillAry muscles for breathing
Restlessness
Nasal flaring
Tripod
Grunting
Cyanotic
Resp failure infants ans: Brady
Deceased rr
Apneic
Deceased loc
Grunting
Deceased breath sounds
When does birth length double? ans: By 4 years
When does the child sit unsupported? ans: 8 months
When does a child achieve 50% of adult height? ans: 2 years
When does a child throw a ball overhand? ans: 18 months
When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences? ans: 2 Yeears
Age groups concepts of bodily injury ans: Infants: After 6 months, their cognitive development allows
them to remember pain.
Toddlers: Fear intrusive procedures.
Preschoolers: Fear body mutilation.
School age: Fear loss of control of their body.
Adolescent: Major concern is change in body image.
Following immunization, what teaching should the nurse provide to the parents? ans: Irritability, fever
(<102 degrees F), redness and soreness at injection site for 2-3days are normal side effects of DPT and
IPV administration.Call healthcare provider if seizures, high fever, or high -pitched crying occur.A warm
washcloth on the thigh injection site and "bicycling" the legs w/each diaper change will decrease
soreness.Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is administered orally every 4-6 hours (10-15 mg/Kg)
,Hgb norms ans: Newborn: 14 to 24 g/dl
Infant: 10 to 15 g/dl
Child: 11 to 16 g/dl
Autosomal recessive ans: Both parents must be heterozygous, or carriers of the recessive trait, for the
disease to be expressed in their offspring. With each pregnancy, there is a 1:4 chance of the infant
having the disease. However, all children of such parents CAN get the disease - NOT 25% of them.
A child with leukemia is being discharged after beginning chemotherapy. Which of the following
instructions will the nurse include when teaching the parents of this child?
a)provide a diet low in protein and high carbohydrates
b) avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled
c) notify the doctor if the child's temperature exceeds 101 F (39C)
d) increase the use of humidifiers throughout the house ans: Answer B
fresh fruits and vegetables harbor microorganisms, which can cause infections in immune-compromised
child. Fruits and vegetables should either be peeled or cooked. The physician should be notified of a
temperature above 100F, a diet low in protein is not indicated, and humidifiers harbor fungi in the water
containers.
A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from bicycleriding. Which of the following
is the first nursing action?
a)initiate an IV site to begin administration of cryoprecipitate
b) type and cross-match for possible transfusion
c) monitor the client's vital signs for the first 5 minutes
d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee ans: Answer D
rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)are the immediate treatments to reduce the swelling and
bleeding into the joint. These are the priority actions for bleeding into the joint of a client with
hemophilia
A client and her husband are positive for the sickle cell trait. The client asks the nurse about chances of
her children having sickle cell disease. Which of the following is appropriate response by the nurse?
a)one of her children will have sickle cell disease
b) only the male children will be affected
c) each pregnancy carries a 25% chance of the child being affected
d) if she had four children, one of them would have the disease ans: Answer C
In autosomal recessive traits, both parents are carriers. There is a 25% chance with each pregnancy that
a child will have the disease.
An 8 year old child has been diagnosed to have iron deficiency anemia. Which ofthe following activities
is most appropriate for the child to decrease oxygen demands on the body?
a)Dancing
b) playing video games
c) reading a book
d) riding a bicycle ans: Answer C
reading a book is restful activity and can keep the child from becoming bored. Choices a, b, and d
require too much energy for a child with anemia and can increase oxygen demands on the body.
, A 16 month old child diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease (KD) is very irritable,refuses to eat, and exhibits
peeling skin on the hands and feet. Which of the following would the nurse interpret as the priority?
a)applying lotions to the hands and feet
b) offering foods the toddler likes
c) placing the toddler in a quiet environment
d) encouraging the parents to get some rest ans: Answer C
One of the characteristics of children with KD is irritability. They are often inconsolable.Placing the child
in a quiet environment may help quiet the child and reduce the workload of the heart. The child's
irritability takes priority over peeling of the skin.
A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may indicate which of the
following?
a.Hirschsprung disease
b. Celiac disease
c. Intussusception
d. Abdominal wall defect ans: Answer A
Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may be an indication of Hirschsprung
disease, a congenital anomaly resulting in mechanical obstruction due to inadequate motility in an
intestinal segment. Failure to pass meconium is not associated with celiac disease, intussusception, or
abdominal wall defect.
Which of the following should the nurse do first after noting that a child with Hirschsprung disease has a
fever and watery explosive diarrhea?
a. Notify the physician immediately
b. Administer antidiarrheal medications
c. Monitor child ever 30 minutes
d. Nothing, this is characteristic of Hirschsprung disease ans: Answer A
For the child with Hirschsprung disease, fever and explosive diarrhea indicate enterocolitis, a life-
threatening situation. Therefore, the physician should be notified immediately. Generally, because of
the intestinal obstruction and inadequate propulsive intestinal movement, antidiarrheals are not used to
treat Hirschsprung disease. The child is acutely ill and requires intervention, with monitoring more
frequently than every 30 minutes.Hirschsprung disease typically presents with chronic constipation.
When assessing a child for possible intussusception, which of the following would be least likely to
provide valuable information?
a.Stool inspection
b. Pain pattern
c. Family history
d. Abdominal palpation ans: Answer C
Because intussusception is not believed to have a familial tendency, obtaining a family history would
provide the least amount of information. Stool inspection, pain pattern, and abdominal palpation would
reveal possible indicators of intussusception. Current, jelly-like stools containing blood and mucus are an
indication of intussusception. Acute,episodic abdominal pain is characteristics of intussusception. A
sausage-shaped mass may be palpated in the right upper quadrant.
Norms for growth and development ans: Birth weight doubles by 6 months, triples by yr
Peek a boo by 6 month
Sits upright without support by 8
pincher grip by 10-12
Hesi hint ans: Mobiles: infant
Puppets: toddler/preschool
Cars: preschool
Games: school age
Themselves: adolescent
Toddlers ans: 2-3 word sentences at 2
Ritualistic
Preschool ans: Favorite word is why
Sentences of 5-8
School age ans: Each yr gains 4-6 lbs grows 2 inches
Socialization with peers very important
Immunization ans: Cold doesn't stop it unless > 99
Use acetaminophen orally
Cystic fibrosis ans: Autosomal recessive
Absence of pancreatic enzymes
Greasy stool
Chronic pulmonary infections
High sweat test
Pancreatic enzymes with meals
Digoxin therapy in kids ans: Hold infants <100, kids <80
Don't skip or make up dose
Give 1-2 hrs before meals
S/s over dose: vomiting, diarrhea, muscle weakness, drowsiness
Vent septal defect ans: Abnormal opening between ventricles
Acyanotic
Atrial septal defect ans: Opening in atria
Acyanotic
Patent ductus arterious ans: Hole between aorta and pulmonary artery
Acyanototic
,So are coarctation of aorta and aortic stenosis
Cyanotic heart defects ans: Tetralogy of fallot: 4 defects
Transposition of the great vessels: everything is criss crossed
Truncus arterious : single great vessel instead of 2
Rheumatic fever ans: Most common cause of acquired heart disease
Affects connective tissue, sore throat than fever
Lots of rest, home school
Resp distress infants ans: Increase rr
axillAry muscles for breathing
Restlessness
Nasal flaring
Tripod
Grunting
Cyanotic
Resp failure infants ans: Brady
Deceased rr
Apneic
Deceased loc
Grunting
Deceased breath sounds
When does birth length double? ans: By 4 years
When does the child sit unsupported? ans: 8 months
When does a child achieve 50% of adult height? ans: 2 years
When does a child throw a ball overhand? ans: 18 months
When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences? ans: 2 Yeears
Age groups concepts of bodily injury ans: Infants: After 6 months, their cognitive development allows
them to remember pain.
Toddlers: Fear intrusive procedures.
Preschoolers: Fear body mutilation.
School age: Fear loss of control of their body.
Adolescent: Major concern is change in body image.
Following immunization, what teaching should the nurse provide to the parents? ans: Irritability, fever
(<102 degrees F), redness and soreness at injection site for 2-3days are normal side effects of DPT and
IPV administration.Call healthcare provider if seizures, high fever, or high -pitched crying occur.A warm
washcloth on the thigh injection site and "bicycling" the legs w/each diaper change will decrease
soreness.Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is administered orally every 4-6 hours (10-15 mg/Kg)
,Hgb norms ans: Newborn: 14 to 24 g/dl
Infant: 10 to 15 g/dl
Child: 11 to 16 g/dl
Autosomal recessive ans: Both parents must be heterozygous, or carriers of the recessive trait, for the
disease to be expressed in their offspring. With each pregnancy, there is a 1:4 chance of the infant
having the disease. However, all children of such parents CAN get the disease - NOT 25% of them.
A child with leukemia is being discharged after beginning chemotherapy. Which of the following
instructions will the nurse include when teaching the parents of this child?
a)provide a diet low in protein and high carbohydrates
b) avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled
c) notify the doctor if the child's temperature exceeds 101 F (39C)
d) increase the use of humidifiers throughout the house ans: Answer B
fresh fruits and vegetables harbor microorganisms, which can cause infections in immune-compromised
child. Fruits and vegetables should either be peeled or cooked. The physician should be notified of a
temperature above 100F, a diet low in protein is not indicated, and humidifiers harbor fungi in the water
containers.
A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from bicycleriding. Which of the following
is the first nursing action?
a)initiate an IV site to begin administration of cryoprecipitate
b) type and cross-match for possible transfusion
c) monitor the client's vital signs for the first 5 minutes
d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee ans: Answer D
rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)are the immediate treatments to reduce the swelling and
bleeding into the joint. These are the priority actions for bleeding into the joint of a client with
hemophilia
A client and her husband are positive for the sickle cell trait. The client asks the nurse about chances of
her children having sickle cell disease. Which of the following is appropriate response by the nurse?
a)one of her children will have sickle cell disease
b) only the male children will be affected
c) each pregnancy carries a 25% chance of the child being affected
d) if she had four children, one of them would have the disease ans: Answer C
In autosomal recessive traits, both parents are carriers. There is a 25% chance with each pregnancy that
a child will have the disease.
An 8 year old child has been diagnosed to have iron deficiency anemia. Which ofthe following activities
is most appropriate for the child to decrease oxygen demands on the body?
a)Dancing
b) playing video games
c) reading a book
d) riding a bicycle ans: Answer C
reading a book is restful activity and can keep the child from becoming bored. Choices a, b, and d
require too much energy for a child with anemia and can increase oxygen demands on the body.
, A 16 month old child diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease (KD) is very irritable,refuses to eat, and exhibits
peeling skin on the hands and feet. Which of the following would the nurse interpret as the priority?
a)applying lotions to the hands and feet
b) offering foods the toddler likes
c) placing the toddler in a quiet environment
d) encouraging the parents to get some rest ans: Answer C
One of the characteristics of children with KD is irritability. They are often inconsolable.Placing the child
in a quiet environment may help quiet the child and reduce the workload of the heart. The child's
irritability takes priority over peeling of the skin.
A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may indicate which of the
following?
a.Hirschsprung disease
b. Celiac disease
c. Intussusception
d. Abdominal wall defect ans: Answer A
Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may be an indication of Hirschsprung
disease, a congenital anomaly resulting in mechanical obstruction due to inadequate motility in an
intestinal segment. Failure to pass meconium is not associated with celiac disease, intussusception, or
abdominal wall defect.
Which of the following should the nurse do first after noting that a child with Hirschsprung disease has a
fever and watery explosive diarrhea?
a. Notify the physician immediately
b. Administer antidiarrheal medications
c. Monitor child ever 30 minutes
d. Nothing, this is characteristic of Hirschsprung disease ans: Answer A
For the child with Hirschsprung disease, fever and explosive diarrhea indicate enterocolitis, a life-
threatening situation. Therefore, the physician should be notified immediately. Generally, because of
the intestinal obstruction and inadequate propulsive intestinal movement, antidiarrheals are not used to
treat Hirschsprung disease. The child is acutely ill and requires intervention, with monitoring more
frequently than every 30 minutes.Hirschsprung disease typically presents with chronic constipation.
When assessing a child for possible intussusception, which of the following would be least likely to
provide valuable information?
a.Stool inspection
b. Pain pattern
c. Family history
d. Abdominal palpation ans: Answer C
Because intussusception is not believed to have a familial tendency, obtaining a family history would
provide the least amount of information. Stool inspection, pain pattern, and abdominal palpation would
reveal possible indicators of intussusception. Current, jelly-like stools containing blood and mucus are an
indication of intussusception. Acute,episodic abdominal pain is characteristics of intussusception. A
sausage-shaped mass may be palpated in the right upper quadrant.
