NLN PAX RN Science EXAM WITH ANSWERS

NLN PAX RN Science EXAM Alimentary canal definition ans: begins at mouth, ends at anus... digestive system A neuron that transmits impulses from receptors to the spinal cord ans: sensory neuron Kinetic energy is at a maximum when the potential energy is... ans: at a minimum, for example at the bottom of an incline The more rapid the vibration of sound is, the ____________ the __________ is ans: higher, pitch What is the temperature during a phase change from liquid to gas? ans: Temperature is constant at 100 degrees Celsius per 1 atm If the temperature rises to 300 degrees Celsius of a gas, the substance would do what? ans: It would remain a gas.... it would change back to liquid or condense if heat was withdrawn Neutralization reactions from _____ and _______. ans: Water and a salt What organ controls the amount of calcium in the blood? ans: Parathyroid - Secreted PTH - Calcium low = release calcium - Calcium high = calcium deposits in bone Celsius to Farenheit equation ans: 9/5 x Celsius + 32 What tells you that a formula is an alcohol? ans: -OH If a car's rate of change of velocity is negative, the car is ________. ans: Slowing down What type of solution is an alkaline solution? ans: Basic What type of facilitation is needed to go down a concentration gradient? ans: Active transport Which of these biological processes includes the other 3? a) cell respiration b) Krebs cycle c) ETC d) anaerobic splitting of glucose ans: Cell respiration - Cell resp begins with splitting glucose. Products enter Krebs cycle and then ETC In the classification of 2 organisms, which of the following is the best evidence of a close relationship? a) # and arrangement of bones b) similar sequence of AA and proteins c) similar methods of sexual reproduction d) similar methods of cell respiration ans: b) similar sequence of AA and proteins Bending of light ans: Refraction What makes up proteins? ans: Amino Acids Einsteins equation E=mc^2.... what does c represent? ans: c = speed of light More energy is used pushing an object up an inclined plane than lifting the box straight up. Why is this? ans: work is done against friction in pushing the box. Energy goes into counteracting friction Tip of crest to tip of crest in a wave is called ans: wavelength Most of the work done by the human kidney occurs in the ans: nephron Where is food stored in a growing embryo of a bean seed? ans: The endosperm... large area inside the embryo In NaCl(aq), the solvent is __________. ans: Water. Because (aq) implies that NaCl will be put into water What turns starch blue-black? ans: Lugol's solution Ohm's law is the study of ___________. ans: Electricity What temperature cannot occur? ans: Anything below 0 Kelvin What organisms are Protists? ans: fungi, ferns, mollusks What is a half life? ans: One half life is the amount of time it takes for one half of the mass of a sample of radioactive substance to decay. Ex) Half life is 20 years for 12g. in 20 years.... 12/2 = 6g... in 40 years..... 6/2=3g Isotopes contain a different number of __________. But they have the same atomic number. ans: Neutrons What makes up the atomic mass? ans: Protons and Neutrons What makes up the atomic number? ans: Protons and Electrons If you chew a bland cracker slowly, what will it fast like? And why? ans: Sweet because the enzyme amylase breaks down starches to sugars A compound that acts like either an acid or a base ans: amphoteric - water is an example What delivers oxygen in the blood? ans: Red blood cells What part of the cell regulates intake and outtake from an animal cell? ans: Plasma membrane If your gallbladder is removed, what substance will you have the most difficulty digesting? ans: Fats... the gallbladder stores bile, made up of bile salts which digest and absorb fats The code of a gene is delivered to the protein producing region of a cell by ____________. ans: m-RNA What is the function of a battery? ans: Changes mechanical energy into electrical energy What does Benedict's solution test for? ans: Glucose (sugars) - from clear blue to red for a positive rxn Atomic number ans: # of protons Mass number ans: # of protons and neutrons An atom has the same number of _______ and __________. ans: Protons and electrons The pitch of a string is affected by ans: thickness, length, and frequency Pitch is independent from ans: amplitude - related to loudness Which part of a compound microscope adjusts the amount of light? ans: diaphragm What term refers to the capacity of a microscope to distinguish between objects that lie close to each other? ans: resolving power Equilibrium constant ans: product of PRODUCTS / product of REACTANTS Which is a nonmetal? Na, Hg, S, Mn ans: Sulfur is a nonmetal Machines cannot _______________ energy ans: increase - this is due to the conservation of energy Power Equation ans: Voltage x current A 36 W lamp is operated by a 9 v battery. How many amperes of current flow through? ans: power = voltage x current 36W = 9V x current in amperes 36/9 = 4 amperes What are the sites of protein synthesis in a cell? ans: ribosomes - which are located on the rough ER Aerobic respiration uses ________. ans: Oxygen - oxygen will be a reactant What is acetylcholine? ans: neurotransmitter - sends info from one neuron to the next