NURSING 2356 Exam 2b
What diagnostic tests would be ordered to determine acute chest syndrome
-Chest x-ray
-blood culture and sensitivity (from bacterial pneumonia)
How would a nurse treat a patient with acute chest syndrome
-Aggresive antibiotic therapy (from bacterial pneumonia)
-supplemental O2 PRN
-pain management
What surgical procedure may be required for a patient with sickle cell who presents with
chronic massive splenomegaly, severe anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia?
Splenectomy
Why are blood transfusions (Packed RBCs or Exchange transfusion) used as a treatment for
sickle cell anemia?
-Improves tissue oxygenation
,-Corrects anemia
-Temporarily reduces the % of HbS
What is Beta-Thalassemia?
An inherited disorder characterized by less hemoglobin and fewer red blood cells in the body
than normal.
What is beta thalassemia minor (AKA: thalassemia trait)
-Produces hypo-chromic (pale) and microcytic (small) RBCs
-Hgb levels 2-3g/dL below normal levels
What is beta thalassemia intermediate (AKA: thalassemia intermedia) manifested as?
Manifested as splenomegaly and severe anemia
What is beta thalassemia major (AKA: Thalassemia major)? And what is it also known as?
Severe complications and requires transfusions to sustain life (Hgb falls below 5g/dL)
AKA Cooley's Anemia
, A patient presents to the hospital with findings of anemia, characteristic facies (Distinctive
facial features), osteoporosis, epistaxis (nose bleed), and damage to many organs of the body.
What condition could they have?
Beta-Thalassemia
What are the 3 consequences and their definitions of the hemolysis of RBCs?
1.anemia
2.hemosiderosis - excess iron stores in various tissues of the body but with no tissue damage
3.hemochromatosis - excess iron storage with cellular damage
What are the benefits of hypertransfusion therapy for beta-thalassemia
-suppresses extra medullary erythropoiesis
-minimizes facial alterations
-decreses the risk of osteoporosis
-reduces the possibility of splenectomy
-lessens cardiac dilation
(basically the opposite of the clinical manifestations)
What are 4 other treatment measures (besides hyper transfusion) for beta-thalassemia
1. iron chelation therapy with Exjade (deferasirox) and/or Desferal (deferoxamine)
2. Oral supplementation of vitamin C and avoidance of iron rich foods
What diagnostic tests would be ordered to determine acute chest syndrome
-Chest x-ray
-blood culture and sensitivity (from bacterial pneumonia)
How would a nurse treat a patient with acute chest syndrome
-Aggresive antibiotic therapy (from bacterial pneumonia)
-supplemental O2 PRN
-pain management
What surgical procedure may be required for a patient with sickle cell who presents with
chronic massive splenomegaly, severe anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia?
Splenectomy
Why are blood transfusions (Packed RBCs or Exchange transfusion) used as a treatment for
sickle cell anemia?
-Improves tissue oxygenation
,-Corrects anemia
-Temporarily reduces the % of HbS
What is Beta-Thalassemia?
An inherited disorder characterized by less hemoglobin and fewer red blood cells in the body
than normal.
What is beta thalassemia minor (AKA: thalassemia trait)
-Produces hypo-chromic (pale) and microcytic (small) RBCs
-Hgb levels 2-3g/dL below normal levels
What is beta thalassemia intermediate (AKA: thalassemia intermedia) manifested as?
Manifested as splenomegaly and severe anemia
What is beta thalassemia major (AKA: Thalassemia major)? And what is it also known as?
Severe complications and requires transfusions to sustain life (Hgb falls below 5g/dL)
AKA Cooley's Anemia
, A patient presents to the hospital with findings of anemia, characteristic facies (Distinctive
facial features), osteoporosis, epistaxis (nose bleed), and damage to many organs of the body.
What condition could they have?
Beta-Thalassemia
What are the 3 consequences and their definitions of the hemolysis of RBCs?
1.anemia
2.hemosiderosis - excess iron stores in various tissues of the body but with no tissue damage
3.hemochromatosis - excess iron storage with cellular damage
What are the benefits of hypertransfusion therapy for beta-thalassemia
-suppresses extra medullary erythropoiesis
-minimizes facial alterations
-decreses the risk of osteoporosis
-reduces the possibility of splenectomy
-lessens cardiac dilation
(basically the opposite of the clinical manifestations)
What are 4 other treatment measures (besides hyper transfusion) for beta-thalassemia
1. iron chelation therapy with Exjade (deferasirox) and/or Desferal (deferoxamine)
2. Oral supplementation of vitamin C and avoidance of iron rich foods
