NR 565 Pharm Midterm
CYP2D6 - Need to increase doses of SSRI, beta blockers etc.
Codeine can be deadly
CYP2C9 - Decrease warfarin dose
Test for gene VCORC1 mutation
CYP3A4 - Decreases elimination
Increase toxicity of Amio
Schedule I - no accepted medical use in the US it may not be prescribed.
heroin,various opium derivatives,hallucinogenic substances
Schedule II - No refills, no telephone orders
Narcotics, Stimulants, Depressants
Schedule III - Drugs in this category are considered to be at moderate or low risk for
physical dependence, and with current reasons for medical use
Anabolic steroids, most barbituates and ketamine
Must prescribe every 6 months, can be by phone
Schedule IV - Abuse potential exists, but less than Sch III. Examples are: Ambien,
Darvocet and Lorazepam
Schedule V - Not always necessary to have a prescription
Loperamide, diphenoxylate and cough medicine with less than 200mg/100 ml
pregabalin
Preclinical research - Research of drug potential, animal testing, preparation for human
testing
Phase I - Initial clinical safety studies in humans. May be as few as 10 subjects, often
healthy volunteers
Phase II - The study drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people (100-300) to
see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety
Phase III - The study drug or treatment is given to large groups of people (1,000-3,000)
to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used
treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely
Phase IV - A study conducted after a drug has been shown to work and has been
granted a license (post-marketing surveillance study)
Adrenergic agonists - Drugs that stimulate and mimic the actions of the sympathetic
nervous system. Also called sympathomimetics.
, NR 565 Pharm Midterm
alpha 2 agonists - Decrease sympathetic impulses from the CNS to the heart and
arterioles, causing vasodilation
Lowers blood pressure, diuretic may be needed
Clonodine, Methyldopa, Guanabenz
SE: dry mouth, urinary retention, weight gain etc.
Adrenergic Antagonist - A drug that blocks the actions of the sympathetic nervous
system.
Alpha 1 Antagonist - Decreases arterial and venous vasoconstriction
Decreases blood pressure, helps relieve bph, Diuretic may be needed
-osin
Beta adrenergic antagonists - drugs that block beta-adrenergic receptors; may be
nonselective or selective; also called beta blockers
Beta 1 Antagonist - Effects heart muscle, blocks receptors in SA node to decrease hr,
decrease contractility
Reduces bp, reduces arrethymias, decreases angina incidences
Metoprolol
Beta 2 antagonist - Lowers bp
Effects lungs, bronchial constriction, avoid in asthma patients
Propranolol
Propranolol Interactions - do not take with acetaminophin or warfarin
Propanolol other uses - Migraine prophylaxis, tremor, glaucoma
Beta Blocker teaching points - Monitor bp/hr so it's not too low
report difficulty breathing or wheezing
alpha and beta adrenergic antagonists - Lowers BP and reduces heart failure
progression
carvedilol, labetalol, epinephrine
Cholinergic agonists - drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, mimic
acetylcholine
CYP2D6 - Need to increase doses of SSRI, beta blockers etc.
Codeine can be deadly
CYP2C9 - Decrease warfarin dose
Test for gene VCORC1 mutation
CYP3A4 - Decreases elimination
Increase toxicity of Amio
Schedule I - no accepted medical use in the US it may not be prescribed.
heroin,various opium derivatives,hallucinogenic substances
Schedule II - No refills, no telephone orders
Narcotics, Stimulants, Depressants
Schedule III - Drugs in this category are considered to be at moderate or low risk for
physical dependence, and with current reasons for medical use
Anabolic steroids, most barbituates and ketamine
Must prescribe every 6 months, can be by phone
Schedule IV - Abuse potential exists, but less than Sch III. Examples are: Ambien,
Darvocet and Lorazepam
Schedule V - Not always necessary to have a prescription
Loperamide, diphenoxylate and cough medicine with less than 200mg/100 ml
pregabalin
Preclinical research - Research of drug potential, animal testing, preparation for human
testing
Phase I - Initial clinical safety studies in humans. May be as few as 10 subjects, often
healthy volunteers
Phase II - The study drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people (100-300) to
see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety
Phase III - The study drug or treatment is given to large groups of people (1,000-3,000)
to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used
treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely
Phase IV - A study conducted after a drug has been shown to work and has been
granted a license (post-marketing surveillance study)
Adrenergic agonists - Drugs that stimulate and mimic the actions of the sympathetic
nervous system. Also called sympathomimetics.
, NR 565 Pharm Midterm
alpha 2 agonists - Decrease sympathetic impulses from the CNS to the heart and
arterioles, causing vasodilation
Lowers blood pressure, diuretic may be needed
Clonodine, Methyldopa, Guanabenz
SE: dry mouth, urinary retention, weight gain etc.
Adrenergic Antagonist - A drug that blocks the actions of the sympathetic nervous
system.
Alpha 1 Antagonist - Decreases arterial and venous vasoconstriction
Decreases blood pressure, helps relieve bph, Diuretic may be needed
-osin
Beta adrenergic antagonists - drugs that block beta-adrenergic receptors; may be
nonselective or selective; also called beta blockers
Beta 1 Antagonist - Effects heart muscle, blocks receptors in SA node to decrease hr,
decrease contractility
Reduces bp, reduces arrethymias, decreases angina incidences
Metoprolol
Beta 2 antagonist - Lowers bp
Effects lungs, bronchial constriction, avoid in asthma patients
Propranolol
Propranolol Interactions - do not take with acetaminophin or warfarin
Propanolol other uses - Migraine prophylaxis, tremor, glaucoma
Beta Blocker teaching points - Monitor bp/hr so it's not too low
report difficulty breathing or wheezing
alpha and beta adrenergic antagonists - Lowers BP and reduces heart failure
progression
carvedilol, labetalol, epinephrine
Cholinergic agonists - drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, mimic
acetylcholine
