Chapter 09: Water and Electrolyte Balance Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 15th Edition

TEST BANK FOR WILLIAMS' BASIC NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY 15TH EDITION BY NIX

Chapter 09:
Chapter 09: Water and Electrolyte Balance
Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 15th Edition


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The hormone that conserves body water is
a. the vitamin D hormone.
b. the antidiuretic hormone.
c. aldosterone.
d. the parathyroid hormone.

ANS: B
The antidiuretic hormone works on the kidneys’ nephrons to induce reabsorption and
conservation of water.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 143 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

2. The two minerals that occur in the extracellular fluid and regulate water balance are
a. calcium and potassium.
b. sodium and chloride.
c. phosphorus and magnesium.
d. potassium and magnesium.

ANS: B
Sodium and chloride are the two minerals that occur in the extracellular fluid and regulate
water balance. NURSINGTB.COM
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 135-136 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

3. A person is most likely to have a high body water content if he or she is
a. overweight.
b. underweight.
c. a bodybuilder.
d. sedentary.

ANS: C
An athlete would have a high body water content related to the amount of muscle mass.
Muscle mass contains a relatively large amount of water.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 134-135
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Physiological Integrity:
Reduction of Risk Potential

4. The term extracellular fluid includes
a. plasma and tissue secretions.
b. plasma and fluid inside cells.
c. fluid surrounding cells and in beverages.
d. fluid surrounding cells and fluid inside cells.



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, TEST BANK FOR WILLIAMS' BASIC NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY 15TH EDITION BY NIX


ANS: A
Extracellular fluid is the total body water outside the cells, including plasma and tissue
secretions.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 137 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

5. A basic mechanism for maintaining body hydration is
a. thirst.
b. electrolyte balance.
c. acid-base balance.
d. activity level.

ANS: A
Thirst is the basic mechanism for maintaining hydration.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 136 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

6. The hormone responsible for promoting conservation of sodium in the kidney is
a. aldosterone.
b. the antidiuretic hormone.
c. angiotensin.
d. renin.

ANS: A
Aldosterone is produced by the adrenal glands, which trigger the kidneys’ nephrons to
reabsorb sodium. NURSINGTB.COM

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 143 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

7. Mr. J. consumes approximately 1500 mL/day from fluid contained in liquids and foods and
from the metabolism of foods. What percent of his fluid requirement does he meet if he
requires 2400 mL/day?
a. 41%
b. 51%
c. 62%
d. 84%

ANS: C
The intake from liquids, liquids in foods, and metabolism is approximately 1500 mL/day, so
1500 mL ÷ 2400 mL = 62%.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 134 TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Physiological Integrity:
Reduction of Risk Potential

8. Water formed from metabolism comes from
a. that which is contained in foods.
b. moving from compartment to compartment.
c. what is absorbed from gastrointestinal secretions.


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https://www.coursehero.com/file/63814956/TB09pdf/ NURSINGTB.COM