NR 283 Exam 1 Review. CH 1:

NR 283 Exam 1 Review. CH 1: • Cellular Adaption: Changes made by a cell in response to adverse environmental change Vocabulary • Characteristics of Disease pg. 6 a. Pathogenesis: the manner of development of a disease b. Acute: short term illness the develops quickly c. Chronic: disease is often a milder condition developing gradually; persists for a long time & usually causes more permanent tissue damage d. Subclinical: pathologic changes occur but the patient exhibits no obvious manifestations e. Latent: no clinical signs are evident; late signs/symptoms from the time of exposure f. Prodromal: time in the early development of disease when one is aware of the change in body, signs are nonspecific g. Manifestations: Clinical evidence or effects, signs and symptoms of disease; general indicators of a disease (ex: redness and swelling at site) h. Signs: objective indicators of disease that are obvious to someone other than the affected individual i. Symptoms: subjective feelings such as pain or nausea j. Lesion: term used to describe a specific local change in the tissue (ex: blister, pimple) k. Syndrome: collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ; occurs together in response to a certain condition l. Diagnostic tests: lab tests that assists in the diagnosis of a specific disease m. Remission: a period or condition in which the manifestations of the disease subside; either permanently or temporarily n. Exacerbation: worsening in the severity of the disease or in its signs/symptoms o. Precipitating factor: condition that triggers an acute episode (ex: seizure) p. Complication: are new secondary or additional problems that arise after the original disease begins (ex: following a cardiac arrest, known as heart attack, a person may develop congestive heart failure q. Therapy (Therapeutic interventions): treatment measures used to promote recovery or slow the progress of a disease r. Sequelae: *book definition... potential unwanted outcomes of the primary condition such as paralysis following recovery from a stroke. *online definition... a condition which is the consequence of a previous disease or injury. s. Convalescence (Rehabilitation): period of recovery and return to the normal healthy state • Disease Prognosis pg. 7 a. Prognosis: *book definition... probability or likelihood for recovery or other outcomes. *online definition... a forecast of the likely outcome of a situation b. Morbidity: the rate of disease in a population