MED SURG 201|Section 1 NCLEX Questions, Correct Answers Rationales by class_key.

Section 1 NCLEX Questions by class-KEY 1. Which of the following are risk factors of cancer? A. Smoking B. Age C. Genetics D. Alcohol consumption E. Exercise Rationale: Risk factors for cancer include hormones, alcohol, immunosuppression, genetics, age, smoking, sun exposure, diet, lifestyle, morbidity, environment, exposure to radiation, UV light. Exercise can help prevent cancer formation. 2. TRUE OR FALSE: Malignant tumors may spread to other tissues or organs, while benign tumors do not. A. True B. False Rationale: Malignant tumors are cancerous and have a tendency to spread and invade other tissues and organs. 3. MULTIPLE CHOICE: What diagnostic study can be used to diagnose cancer? A. Biopsy B. Ultrasound C. Blood tests D. Sputum culture Rationale: Biopsy’s can be used to determine if a tumor is cancerous and how to treat it. Ultrasounds, blood tests, and sputum cultures are not the most effective. 4. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Examples of primary prevention include: A. Colonoscopy at age 50 B. Avoidance of tobacco products C. Intake of a diet low in saturated fat in a patient with high cholesterol D. Teaching the importance of exercise to a patient with hypertension Rationale: Primary prevention occurs before a patient is diagnosed and before screening. 5. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Which is NOT an example of a chronic illness? A. Hypertension B. COPD C. Bronchitis D. Diabetes Rationale: Bronchitis is an example of an acute illness. 6. TRUE OR FALSE: An acutely ill patient should be assessed prior to interview to confirm they are stable? A. True B. False Rationale: When you think about acute patients, your patient doesn’t “look right” you must assess FIRST to know they are stable! 7. . How can increased IOP cause glaucoma? Glaucoma is caused by angle closure due to the reduction in outflow of aqueous humor, leading to damage to the optic nerve. 8. Cataracts is the opacity within the ______ ?