1
NUR 2349 MED
SURG EXAM 1
Joint Commission
➢ Accrediting body for healthcare facilities
➢ Publishes the National Patient Safety Goals
Developing factors that affect safety
➢ Infants/toddlers
o MVA’s are leading cause of death for children ages 1-3
o Drowning, chocking (highest 6 months-3 yrs), SIDS
➢ Preschoolers
o MVA’s are major cause of accidental death
o Drowning, fries, poisoning
o Falls are major cause of nonfatal injuries >3 years old
➢ School age
o MVA’s are major cause of accidental death
o Falls are major concern for nonfatal injuries
o Injuries are often related to sports, skateboarding, bicycle riding
and playground injuries.
o Injuries outside of the home by other people increases (ex:
abductions)
➢ Adolescent
o MVA’s leading cause of accidental death
o Homicides associated with alcohol and drugs
o Sports and recreational injuries including diving and drowning
incidents
o Peak for physical, sensory and psychomotor abilities gives them
strength and confidence, yet they lack wisdom and judgement of
adults
➢ Adult
o 35-54 years of age, unintentional poisoning causes more deaths
that MVA’s
o Workplace injuries
o Injuries related to lifestyle include: alcohol abuse, stress,
carelessness, abuse, decline in strength and stamina.
➢ Older Adult
o Physiological changes start to occur
o Reduced muscle strength, joint mobility, slowing of reflexes,
decreased ability to respond to stimuli, sensory loss (hearing and
vision)
, 2
o These changes increase risks for falls, burns, car accidents and
other injuries (falls are the most common 65+)
Individual risk factors for injury
➢ Lifestyle
o Smoking, alcohol abuse, risk-taking behaviors
➢ Cognitive awareness
o Confusion due to stress and loss of short-term memory
➢ Sensory and perceptual status
o Loss of senses
➢ Impaired communication
o Impaired strength with problems in mobility, balance and
endurance
➢ Physical and emotional well-being
o Reduced physical stamina and depression
➢ Safety awareness
o Reduced cognitive awareness
Safety hazards in the home
➢ Poisoning
➢ Carbon Monoxide poisoning
➢ Scalds and burns
➢ Fries
➢ Firearm injuries
➢ Suffocation/Asphyxiation
➢ Take-home toxins
Safety hazards in the community
➢ MVAs
➢ Pathogens (food-borne, vector-borne, animals, water-borne)
➢ Pollution (air, water, noise, soil)
➢ Electrical storms
Safety hazards in the healthcare facilities
➢ Never Events
o Foreign objects left in pts after surgery
o Air embolism
o Administering the wrong type of blood
o Severe pressure ulcers
o Falls & trauma
o Infections associated with urinary catheters
o Infections associated with IVs
NUR 2349 MED
SURG EXAM 1
Joint Commission
➢ Accrediting body for healthcare facilities
➢ Publishes the National Patient Safety Goals
Developing factors that affect safety
➢ Infants/toddlers
o MVA’s are leading cause of death for children ages 1-3
o Drowning, chocking (highest 6 months-3 yrs), SIDS
➢ Preschoolers
o MVA’s are major cause of accidental death
o Drowning, fries, poisoning
o Falls are major cause of nonfatal injuries >3 years old
➢ School age
o MVA’s are major cause of accidental death
o Falls are major concern for nonfatal injuries
o Injuries are often related to sports, skateboarding, bicycle riding
and playground injuries.
o Injuries outside of the home by other people increases (ex:
abductions)
➢ Adolescent
o MVA’s leading cause of accidental death
o Homicides associated with alcohol and drugs
o Sports and recreational injuries including diving and drowning
incidents
o Peak for physical, sensory and psychomotor abilities gives them
strength and confidence, yet they lack wisdom and judgement of
adults
➢ Adult
o 35-54 years of age, unintentional poisoning causes more deaths
that MVA’s
o Workplace injuries
o Injuries related to lifestyle include: alcohol abuse, stress,
carelessness, abuse, decline in strength and stamina.
➢ Older Adult
o Physiological changes start to occur
o Reduced muscle strength, joint mobility, slowing of reflexes,
decreased ability to respond to stimuli, sensory loss (hearing and
vision)
, 2
o These changes increase risks for falls, burns, car accidents and
other injuries (falls are the most common 65+)
Individual risk factors for injury
➢ Lifestyle
o Smoking, alcohol abuse, risk-taking behaviors
➢ Cognitive awareness
o Confusion due to stress and loss of short-term memory
➢ Sensory and perceptual status
o Loss of senses
➢ Impaired communication
o Impaired strength with problems in mobility, balance and
endurance
➢ Physical and emotional well-being
o Reduced physical stamina and depression
➢ Safety awareness
o Reduced cognitive awareness
Safety hazards in the home
➢ Poisoning
➢ Carbon Monoxide poisoning
➢ Scalds and burns
➢ Fries
➢ Firearm injuries
➢ Suffocation/Asphyxiation
➢ Take-home toxins
Safety hazards in the community
➢ MVAs
➢ Pathogens (food-borne, vector-borne, animals, water-borne)
➢ Pollution (air, water, noise, soil)
➢ Electrical storms
Safety hazards in the healthcare facilities
➢ Never Events
o Foreign objects left in pts after surgery
o Air embolism
o Administering the wrong type of blood
o Severe pressure ulcers
o Falls & trauma
o Infections associated with urinary catheters
o Infections associated with IVs
