ONCC Practice Tests (OCN - Oncologic Emergencies)2022(Answered correctly)

ONCC Practice Tests (OCN - Oncologic
Emergencies)
Which of the following cancers is associated with the development of disseminated intravascular
coagulation?

Mucin-secreting adenocarcinoma of the breast
Nonhyperdiploid variant multiple myeloma
Primary peritoneal carcinoma
Acral lentiginous melanoma Ans: Mucin-secreting adenocarcinoma of the breast

Answer: The incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation is associated mostly with
mucin-secreting adenocarcinomas of the prostate, lung, and breast.

Reference: Kaplan, M. (Ed.). (2013). Understanding and managing oncologic emergencies: A
resource for nurses (2nd ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 69.

Which of the following is released into the bloodstream in the event of tumor lysis syndrome?

Uric acid
Sodium
Magnesium
Calcium Ans: Uric acid

Answer: Tumor lysis syndrome is a massive, sudden release of cellular contents in to the
bloodstream resulting in elevated uric acid levels.

Reference: Kaplan, M. (Ed.). (2013). Understanding and managing oncologic emergencies: A
resource for nurses (2nd ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 440.

Which of the following classes of medication will most significantly increase the risk for the
development of a cytokine-release syndrome reaction?

Monoclonal antibodies
Taxanes
Platinum compounds
Anthracyclines Ans: Monoclonal antibodies

Answer: Monoclonal antibodies can cause cytokine-release syndrome.

Reference: Newton, S., Hickey, M., & Marrs, J. (2017). Mosby's oncology nursing advisor: A
comprehensive guide to clinical practice (2nd ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby, p. 243.

, When a suspected extravasation occurs during the administration of a vesicant, the nurse must
first:

stop the administration of medication and fluids.
remove the peripheral IV or central venous access device.
aspirate the remaining vesicant from the IV tubing.
notify the healthcare provider. Ans: stop the administration of medication and fluids.

Answer: The first step the nurse should take when an extravasation occurs is stopping the
infusion.

Reference: Newton, S., Hickey, M., & Marrs, J. (2017). Mosby's oncology nursing advisor: A
comprehensive guide to clinical practice (2nd ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby, p. 217.

Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform for a patient who is at risk for
increased intracranial pressure?

Assessing the patient's gag reflex
Limiting suctioning to less than 30 seconds
Keeping the patient's bed in the high Fowler's position
Positioning pillows to hyperextend the neck Ans: Assessing the patient's gag reflex

Answer: Increased intracranial pressure can impair the gag reflex thus affecting the patient's
ability to eat and drink independently.

Reference: Kaplan, M. (Ed.). (2013). Understanding and managing oncologic emergencies: A
resource for nurses (2nd ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 185(t).

A dexrazoxane infusion shows efficacy for treating the extravasation of:

an anthracycline.
a nitrosourea.
an alkylating agent.
a plant alkaloid. Ans: an anthracycline.

Answer: Dexrazoxane is the treatment for anthracycline extravasation.

Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and
biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology
Nursing Society, p. 159(t).

A patient with sepsis reports hematuria and dyspnea. The laboratory values include platelets
37,000/mm3, prothrombin time 21 seconds, partial thromboplastin time 43 seconds, and
fibrinogen 100 mg/dL. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Disseminated intravascular coagulation