Ch01
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. William James would support which of the following recommendations regarding the material used to
educate children?
A. Start lessons at a point somewhat below the child's current level of understanding so the child can gain
confidence.
B Encourage children to learn about the world by reading books from a variety of authors so that the child
. gains a broad perspective on the world.
C. Start lessons at a point just above the child's current level of understanding to stretch the child's mind.
D.Encourage children to learn about the world through hands-on experience so that each child gains
confidence in solving problems.
2. During the late 1880s, when the goal is to improve education, the following researcher argued that
laboratory psychology experiments are not as effective as observing classrooms:
A. Mary Salter Ainsworth
B. Kenneth Clark
C. William James
D. George Sanchez
3. The first major educational psychology laboratory in North America was established by this
researcher:
A. E. L. Thorndike, Cornell University, 1820
B. William James, Columbia University, 1865
C. John Dewey, University of Chicago, 1894
D. Katherine M. Banham, University of Toronto, 1921
4. A major contributor to North American psychological research who developed numerous rating scales
and psychological test instruments that are still in use today was:
A. Katherine M. Banham
B. John Dewey
C. William James
D. E. L. Thorndike
5. This researcher conducted studies into patterns of early emotional attachment in infants and published
results of a longitudinal study of mother-infant attachment:
A. Mary Salter Ainsworth
B. John Dewey
C. William James
D. Katherine M. Banham
6. Which of the following statements of advice is the most appropriate for teaching in the complex
classroom?
A. Focus on the needs of the average students rather than the needs of each individual student.
B. Honour the wishes of your students' parents.
C. Remember that teaching involves social and ethical matters as well as academic.
D. Expect interest and cooperation from students when introducing new activities.
7. According to a survey of adolescent and teenage students (age 13-17 years), which of the following traits
is characteristic of effective teachers?
A. having a sense of humour
B. giving easy tests and exams
C. acting cool in class
D. assigning minimal amounts of homework
,8. Which of the following best describes the educational philosophy of constructivism?
A. Individuals actively build knowledge and understanding.
B. Individuals retain new information most effectively through repetition.
C. Individuals learn best when they work independently rather than in large groups.
D. Individuals actively adopt the skills of their mentors, models, and teachers.
9. A teacher who adopts a constructivist approach for teaching would most likely encourage students
to:
A. memorize information presented in text.
B. explore their world both individually and with others.
C. build models to represent real-life situations.
D. use diagrams to illustrate complex concepts and principles.
10.
10. Adele is a teacher that provides her students with a great deal of direction and guided
practice. She scaffolds her instruction to meet the individual needs of her students and she holds high
expectations for her students' progress. Adele is a teacher who uses the:
A. cooperative learning method.
B. direct instruction approach.
C. peer tutoring approach.
D. inductive instruction approach.
11. Effective teachers demonstrate strengths in all of the following areas EXCEPT:
A. goal-setting
B. planning
C. communication
D. intelligence
12. Ontario's Ministry of Education outlines key standards of practice for all teachers. Which of the following
is NOT one of these standards:
A. professional knowledge
B. commitment to students' learning
C. multicultural understanding
D. ongoing professional learning
13. Beyond subject-matter competence, which one of the following abilities do effective teachers tend to
display?
A. knowledge and respect for cultural differences
B. ability to direct students to think unilaterally about ethnic issues
C. a passive and gentle communication style
D. ability to encourage students to be the technology leaders
14. When working with students, effective teachers typically use which of the following styles of
communication?
A. passive
B. direct
C. manipulative
D. assertive
,15. Effective teachers tend to possess technological skills and know how to use:
A. electronic personal communication technology.
B. on-line communication methods.
C. hand-held, computer compatible organization devices
D. computers and assistive devices to support students with exceptionalities.
16. As a general rule, effective teachers DO NOT:
A. attempt to educate students without assistance from anyone else.
B. encourage parents and /or guardians to be partners in educating their children.
C. ask a more experienced teacher to serve as a mentor.
D. seek funds to purchase equipment for use in the classroom.
17. Qualitative research methods are concerned with describing themes underlying human experience or a
phenomenon. Which of the following methodologies is a qualitative method?
A. experimental
B. case study
C. correlational
D. quasi-experimental
18. Quantitative research methods examine the causal relationships between dependent and independent
variables. Which of the following methodologies is a quantitative method?
A. case study
B. narrative inquiry
C. experimental
D. ethnographic
19. Which of the following best describes a case study?
A. a survey given to students at the beginning and end of the school year
B. a standardized test given to all students in the same grade level
C. an in-depth examination of a single student over several years
D. a series of interviews conducted by a teacher over several weeks
20. Which of the following statements explains why conclusions drawn from a case study cannot necessarily
be applied to the general population?
A. Longitudinal observations are difficult to make over a long period of time.
B. Case study data are typically based on questionnaires.
C. Each participant has a unique genetic makeup and set of experiences.
D. A laboratory is a controlled environment, unlike the real world.
21. An educational researcher is interested in exploring students' perceptions about using computers to
complete writing assignments. Which of the following research methods is the researcher most likely to
use?
A. document analysis
B. laboratory observations
C. standardized tests
D. interviews and questionnaire
22. A teacher is interested in determining the motives behind a student's misbehaviour in class. To collect
relevant information, the teacher pays close attention to the student's behaviour each day during class.
When a misbehaviour occurs, the teacher makes notes concerning the context in which the misbehaviour
took place, the type of misbehaviour demonstrated by the student, and the reactions of other students.
Which of the following research methods is this teacher using?
A. naturalistic observation
B. experimental research
C. narrative inquiry
D. program evaluation
, 23. A case study is a unique qualitative method best described as:
A. an in-depth examination of an individual or situation
B. an introspective methodology
C. an observation of behaviour in controlled setting
D. an approach primarily experimental in nature
24. An educational researcher is intrigued by a student who has a rare genetic condition. This condition
interferes with a portion of the brain that is suspected to control emotions. As a result, the student exhibits
uncontrolled emotional outbursts at very unexpected times. The researcher observes the student in a
variety of situations in order to identify ways in which the student's condition interferes with building
close personal relationships. Which of the following research methods is this researcher using?
A. laboratory research
B. ethnographic research
C. case study
D. correlational research
25. An educational researcher conducted interviews with Grade 9 students who were considered "at risk"
for dropping out of high school. The researcher monitored these students for the next three years. The
researcher discovered that students with low self-esteem were more likely to drop out of high school than
students with high self-esteem. Which of the following conclusions is most strongly supported by this
observation?
A. Students drop out of school because they have low self-esteem.
B. A student who performs poorly will tend to have low self-esteem.
C. Dropping out of school causes students to have low self-esteem.
D. The tendency to drop out of school is correlated with self-esteem.
26. In an experiment, the factor that is changeable and influential is called the:
A. dependent variable.
B. independent variable.
C. control group.
D. experimental group.
27. An educational researcher wants to determine which of two methods is most effective at teaching students
how to speak a foreign language. Which of the following research procedures would most definitively
accomplish this task?
A. perform an experiment
B. conduct interviews
C. make naturalistic observations
D. complete a case study
28. Which of the following best describes the goal of correlational research?
A. Correlational research obtains an in-depth look at one individual or group.
B. Correlational research explains why certain conditions influence the characteristics of students.
C. Correlational research describes the power of the relation between two or more characteristics.
D. Correlational research compares two groups of individuals under a variety of experimental conditions.
29. Which of the following statements best describes a goal of action research?
A. to make decisions about the effectiveness of new administrative policies
B. to immediately improve educational practices in one or two classrooms
C. to determine whether various teaching methods influence students' attendance
D. to compare academic performance of students in one district with students in another district
30. Which of the following statements best describes the goal of program-evaluation research?
A. to examine a particular program(s) to establish effectiveness and to meet stated objectives
B. to improve educational program practices that can be later generalize to other settings
C. to solve a specific classroom or school problem and to make a decision at a specific location
D. to study a group of students over a period of time within a particular program
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. William James would support which of the following recommendations regarding the material used to
educate children?
A. Start lessons at a point somewhat below the child's current level of understanding so the child can gain
confidence.
B Encourage children to learn about the world by reading books from a variety of authors so that the child
. gains a broad perspective on the world.
C. Start lessons at a point just above the child's current level of understanding to stretch the child's mind.
D.Encourage children to learn about the world through hands-on experience so that each child gains
confidence in solving problems.
2. During the late 1880s, when the goal is to improve education, the following researcher argued that
laboratory psychology experiments are not as effective as observing classrooms:
A. Mary Salter Ainsworth
B. Kenneth Clark
C. William James
D. George Sanchez
3. The first major educational psychology laboratory in North America was established by this
researcher:
A. E. L. Thorndike, Cornell University, 1820
B. William James, Columbia University, 1865
C. John Dewey, University of Chicago, 1894
D. Katherine M. Banham, University of Toronto, 1921
4. A major contributor to North American psychological research who developed numerous rating scales
and psychological test instruments that are still in use today was:
A. Katherine M. Banham
B. John Dewey
C. William James
D. E. L. Thorndike
5. This researcher conducted studies into patterns of early emotional attachment in infants and published
results of a longitudinal study of mother-infant attachment:
A. Mary Salter Ainsworth
B. John Dewey
C. William James
D. Katherine M. Banham
6. Which of the following statements of advice is the most appropriate for teaching in the complex
classroom?
A. Focus on the needs of the average students rather than the needs of each individual student.
B. Honour the wishes of your students' parents.
C. Remember that teaching involves social and ethical matters as well as academic.
D. Expect interest and cooperation from students when introducing new activities.
7. According to a survey of adolescent and teenage students (age 13-17 years), which of the following traits
is characteristic of effective teachers?
A. having a sense of humour
B. giving easy tests and exams
C. acting cool in class
D. assigning minimal amounts of homework
,8. Which of the following best describes the educational philosophy of constructivism?
A. Individuals actively build knowledge and understanding.
B. Individuals retain new information most effectively through repetition.
C. Individuals learn best when they work independently rather than in large groups.
D. Individuals actively adopt the skills of their mentors, models, and teachers.
9. A teacher who adopts a constructivist approach for teaching would most likely encourage students
to:
A. memorize information presented in text.
B. explore their world both individually and with others.
C. build models to represent real-life situations.
D. use diagrams to illustrate complex concepts and principles.
10.
10. Adele is a teacher that provides her students with a great deal of direction and guided
practice. She scaffolds her instruction to meet the individual needs of her students and she holds high
expectations for her students' progress. Adele is a teacher who uses the:
A. cooperative learning method.
B. direct instruction approach.
C. peer tutoring approach.
D. inductive instruction approach.
11. Effective teachers demonstrate strengths in all of the following areas EXCEPT:
A. goal-setting
B. planning
C. communication
D. intelligence
12. Ontario's Ministry of Education outlines key standards of practice for all teachers. Which of the following
is NOT one of these standards:
A. professional knowledge
B. commitment to students' learning
C. multicultural understanding
D. ongoing professional learning
13. Beyond subject-matter competence, which one of the following abilities do effective teachers tend to
display?
A. knowledge and respect for cultural differences
B. ability to direct students to think unilaterally about ethnic issues
C. a passive and gentle communication style
D. ability to encourage students to be the technology leaders
14. When working with students, effective teachers typically use which of the following styles of
communication?
A. passive
B. direct
C. manipulative
D. assertive
,15. Effective teachers tend to possess technological skills and know how to use:
A. electronic personal communication technology.
B. on-line communication methods.
C. hand-held, computer compatible organization devices
D. computers and assistive devices to support students with exceptionalities.
16. As a general rule, effective teachers DO NOT:
A. attempt to educate students without assistance from anyone else.
B. encourage parents and /or guardians to be partners in educating their children.
C. ask a more experienced teacher to serve as a mentor.
D. seek funds to purchase equipment for use in the classroom.
17. Qualitative research methods are concerned with describing themes underlying human experience or a
phenomenon. Which of the following methodologies is a qualitative method?
A. experimental
B. case study
C. correlational
D. quasi-experimental
18. Quantitative research methods examine the causal relationships between dependent and independent
variables. Which of the following methodologies is a quantitative method?
A. case study
B. narrative inquiry
C. experimental
D. ethnographic
19. Which of the following best describes a case study?
A. a survey given to students at the beginning and end of the school year
B. a standardized test given to all students in the same grade level
C. an in-depth examination of a single student over several years
D. a series of interviews conducted by a teacher over several weeks
20. Which of the following statements explains why conclusions drawn from a case study cannot necessarily
be applied to the general population?
A. Longitudinal observations are difficult to make over a long period of time.
B. Case study data are typically based on questionnaires.
C. Each participant has a unique genetic makeup and set of experiences.
D. A laboratory is a controlled environment, unlike the real world.
21. An educational researcher is interested in exploring students' perceptions about using computers to
complete writing assignments. Which of the following research methods is the researcher most likely to
use?
A. document analysis
B. laboratory observations
C. standardized tests
D. interviews and questionnaire
22. A teacher is interested in determining the motives behind a student's misbehaviour in class. To collect
relevant information, the teacher pays close attention to the student's behaviour each day during class.
When a misbehaviour occurs, the teacher makes notes concerning the context in which the misbehaviour
took place, the type of misbehaviour demonstrated by the student, and the reactions of other students.
Which of the following research methods is this teacher using?
A. naturalistic observation
B. experimental research
C. narrative inquiry
D. program evaluation
, 23. A case study is a unique qualitative method best described as:
A. an in-depth examination of an individual or situation
B. an introspective methodology
C. an observation of behaviour in controlled setting
D. an approach primarily experimental in nature
24. An educational researcher is intrigued by a student who has a rare genetic condition. This condition
interferes with a portion of the brain that is suspected to control emotions. As a result, the student exhibits
uncontrolled emotional outbursts at very unexpected times. The researcher observes the student in a
variety of situations in order to identify ways in which the student's condition interferes with building
close personal relationships. Which of the following research methods is this researcher using?
A. laboratory research
B. ethnographic research
C. case study
D. correlational research
25. An educational researcher conducted interviews with Grade 9 students who were considered "at risk"
for dropping out of high school. The researcher monitored these students for the next three years. The
researcher discovered that students with low self-esteem were more likely to drop out of high school than
students with high self-esteem. Which of the following conclusions is most strongly supported by this
observation?
A. Students drop out of school because they have low self-esteem.
B. A student who performs poorly will tend to have low self-esteem.
C. Dropping out of school causes students to have low self-esteem.
D. The tendency to drop out of school is correlated with self-esteem.
26. In an experiment, the factor that is changeable and influential is called the:
A. dependent variable.
B. independent variable.
C. control group.
D. experimental group.
27. An educational researcher wants to determine which of two methods is most effective at teaching students
how to speak a foreign language. Which of the following research procedures would most definitively
accomplish this task?
A. perform an experiment
B. conduct interviews
C. make naturalistic observations
D. complete a case study
28. Which of the following best describes the goal of correlational research?
A. Correlational research obtains an in-depth look at one individual or group.
B. Correlational research explains why certain conditions influence the characteristics of students.
C. Correlational research describes the power of the relation between two or more characteristics.
D. Correlational research compares two groups of individuals under a variety of experimental conditions.
29. Which of the following statements best describes a goal of action research?
A. to make decisions about the effectiveness of new administrative policies
B. to immediately improve educational practices in one or two classrooms
C. to determine whether various teaching methods influence students' attendance
D. to compare academic performance of students in one district with students in another district
30. Which of the following statements best describes the goal of program-evaluation research?
A. to examine a particular program(s) to establish effectiveness and to meet stated objectives
B. to improve educational program practices that can be later generalize to other settings
C. to solve a specific classroom or school problem and to make a decision at a specific location
D. to study a group of students over a period of time within a particular program
