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GCSE BIOLOGY Higher Tier Paper 2H. Predictor paper AQA paper. 100% probability of testing

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Three students measured their reaction times. The students used a computer program. Figure 1 shows the image displayed on the computer screen. Figure 1 Wait This is the method used: 1. Sit facing the computer screen. 2. Click the mouse button as quickly as possible when the computer screen turns green. 3. Record the time taken as shown on the computer screen. 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a further 9 times. Wait for green SPECIMEN MATERIAL IB/M/SAMs2/8461/2H3 Do not write outside the box Table 1 shows the students’ results. Table 1 Attempt number Time in milliseconds Student A Student B Student C 4 261 256 266 Mean (1 second = 1000 milliseconds) 0 1 . 1 Suggest why measuring reaction time with a computer is more accurate than measuring reaction time with a stopwatch. [1 mark] Question 1 continues on the next page SPECIMEN MATERIAL Turn over ► IB/M/SAMs2/8461/2H4 Do not write outside the box 0 1 . 2 The students measured 10 reaction times for each person rather than 3 reaction times. Explain why. [2 marks] 0 1 . 3 Explain why the mean for student B has been calculated incorrectly. Use information from Table 1. [2 marks] 0 1 . 4 Calculate the ratio of student C’s mean reaction time to student A’s mean reaction time. Give your answer to 3 significant figures. [2 marks] Ratio student C : student A = : 1 SPECIMEN MATERIAL IB/M/SAMs2/8461/2H5 Do not write outside the box 0 1 . 5 Student A wanted to present his mean result in seconds, in standard form. What is the correct way of doing this? [1 mark] Tick one box. 259 × 10–3 seconds 0.259 × 10–3 seconds 2.59 × 10–1 seconds 0.259 × 10 –4 seconds 0 1 . 6 Student C said the results from this investigation showed that he had the fastest reactions. Give two reasons why student C’s statement is not correct. [2 marks] 1 2 0 1 . 7 The reaction the students investigated is not a reflex action. Give the reason why. [1 mark] 11 SPECIMEN MATERIAL Turn over ► IB/M/SAMs2/8461/2H6 Do not write outside the box 0 2 Blood is filtered in the kidneys. Some substances are then reabsorbed. The amount of each substance reabsorbed varies. Each day, a person: • filters 180 dm3 of water out of the blood • produces 2 dm3 of urine. Figure 2 shows the process of filtration in the kidney Figure 2 0 2 . 1 Explain why protein is not found in the urine of a healthy person. [2 marks] SPECIMEN MATERIAL IB/M/SAMs2/8461/2H7 Do not write outside the box 0 2 . 2 Explain why glucose is not found in the urine of a healthy person. [2 marks] 0 2 . 3 Explain: • why urea and sodium ions are found in urine • why their concentration is higher on a hot day than on a cold day. [3 marks] Question 2 continues on the next page SPECIMEN MATERIAL Turn over ► IB/M/SAMs2/8461/2H8 Do not write outside the box 0 2 . 4 The information below gives some features of two types of treatment for kidney disease. Dialysis treatment • A dialysis session lasts about 8 hours. • A person needs 3 dialysis sessions every week for the rest of their life. • The person must have a diet low in protein and salt. • Dialysis costs £30 000 per year. Kidney transplant • A kidney transplant requires surgery using general anaesthetic. • A suitable kidney donor is needed. • Drugs are used to suppress the immune system. • A transplant, and the first year’s medical care, costs £51 000. • After the first year, the cost of drugs is £5 000 per year. Evaluate the use of a kidney transplant instead of dialysis treatment for kidney disease.

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GCSE
BIOLOGY H
Higher Tier Paper 2H


Specimen 2018 (set 2) Time allowed: 1 hour 45 minutes
Materials For Examiner’s Use
For this paper you must have:
Question Mark
• a ruler
• a scientific calculator. 1
2
Instructions
3
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. 4
• Answer all questions in the spaces provided. 5
• Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want
6
to be marked.
• In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer. 7
8
Information
9
• The maximum mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets. TOTAL
• You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate.
• You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation
in your answers.




SPECIMEN MATERIAL IB/M/SAMs2/E2 8461/2H

, Do not write
2 outside the
box



0 1 Three students measured their reaction times.

The students used a computer program.

Figure 1 shows the image displayed on the computer screen.


Figure 1




Wait for green


Wait


This is the method used:

1. Sit facing the computer screen.

2. Click the mouse button as quickly as possible when the computer screen
turns green.

3. Record the time taken as shown on the computer screen.

4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 a further 9 times.




SPECIMEN MATERIAL IB/M/SAMs2/8461/2H

, Do not write
3 outside the
box


Table 1 shows the students’ results.


Table 1

Time in milliseconds
Attempt
number
Student A Student B Student C

1 275 260 272

2 259 268 268

3 251 251 275

4 261 256 266

5 260 244 270

6 263 280 283

7 259 468 274

8 256 258 278

9 255 255 286

10 248 277 275

Mean 259 282 275

(1 second = 1000 milliseconds)




0 1 . 1 Suggest why measuring reaction time with a computer is more accurate than
measuring reaction time with a stopwatch.
[1 mark]




Question 1 continues on the next page




Turn over ►



SPECIMEN MATERIAL IB/M/SAMs2/8461/2H

, Do not write
4 outside the
box



0 1 . 2 The students measured 10 reaction times for each person rather than
3 reaction times.

Explain why.
[2 marks]




0 1 . 3 Explain why the mean for student B has been calculated incorrectly.

Use information from Table 1.
[2 marks]




0 1 . 4 Calculate the ratio of student C’s mean reaction time to student A’s mean
reaction time.

Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
[2 marks]




Ratio student C : student A = :1




SPECIMEN MATERIAL IB/M/SAMs2/8461/2H

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