Exam Pack1 2021
Which of the following Is related to public order crimes and differs from country to
country? - answerMoral laws, codes and standards
Choose the correct .......... answer may be regarded as the primary objective of
organised crime - answerEconomic gain
Identify which combination of existing theories can explain conservation crime -
answerRational choice, social learning, general theory of crime, neutralisation
Which one of the following Is not an example of white-collar crime? - answerAfrican
organised crime
Crime classification refers to one of the following options - answerThe partition or
arrangement of crime data into segments representative of legal definitions of criminal
acts, according to recorded crime statIstIcs
Why Is the use of the term "public order crimes" preferred against the use of the word
"victimless crime"? - answerSecondary victims are involved
Around which one of the following does the core syndicate activity m Africa revolve? -
answerBlack market business crimes
Which term can best be used to describe crime directed at natural resources? -
answerConservation crime
Which one of the following crimes falls into the category of crime Sutherland had in
mind when he defined white-collar crime? - answerCorporate crime
Wh1ch country perceives murder, rape, robbery and aggravated assault as priority
crimes? - answerAmerica
Choose the correct option:
Victimless crimes may be defined as offences committed by adults with the voluntary
and consent of all involved and without any of the parties lodging a complaint with the
police - answermutual
Which factor contributes to the incidence of organised crime in South Africa? -
answerFavourable geographical position
Which form of pollution Is of greater immediate concern than any other type of
pollution? - answerAir pollution
Embezzlement 1s an example of which one of the following crimes? - answerWhite-
collar crime
,Exam Pack1 2021
Which factors are strongly related to contact crimes? - answerAlcohol and other
substance abuse
Prostitution is based on a balance between the supply of available -------- and the
demand for ------- to provide the sex act - answervictims, victims
Which theory relating to the explanation of organised criminal activities states that
"aberrant behaviour can be viewed as a symptom of the dissociation between culturally
defined asp1rat1ons and socially structured means"? - answerAnomie theory
Which form of pollution 1s regarded as one of the oldest environmental problems,
usually ascribed to urbanisation, industrialisation and waste disposal? - answerWater
pollution
Employee theft is primarily explained m terms of which one of the following factors? -
answerJob dissatisfaction
Which factors influence Advance Fee Fraud (AFF)? - answerImport of consumer and
economic investment goods
Which type of prostitutes 1s most likely to be impoverished representatives of ethnic or
racial minorities? - answerStreet workers
Indicate on which type of crime does the ma,n focus fall m terms of transnational and
international organised crime 1n Mozambique? - answerdrug trafficking
Choose the correct option Policing should, 1n its widest sense, involve the of risk,
alongside criminal investigation and other law enforcement activities -
answermanagement
Wildlife trade is regarded as the ............ biggest illegal trade in the world -
answersecond
When a factory dumps hazardous waste in a river, it is an example of which one of the
following categories of crime? - answercorporate crime
Discuss the nature and extent of conservation crime - answer1. Environmental pollution
2. Air pollution
3. Water pollution
4. Solid and hazardous waste pollution
5. 3.7.1.4 Noise pollution
6. 3.7.2 Illegal trade in endangered species
7. 3.7.3 Transnational conservation crime
8. 3.7.4 The problem of waste
, Exam Pack1 2021
Identify and discuss the different theoretical explanations for white collar crime -
answer1. An ethical explanation for white collar crime
2. A psychological explanation for corporate crime
Define prostitution and discuss the different types of prostitutes - answerProstitution
1. Prostitution-as-work
2. Prostitution-as-exploitation
3. Prostitution in South Africa
Types of prostitution
1. Streetwalkers
2. Bar girls
3. Brothel prostitutes
4. Call girls
5. Escort services/call houses
6. Circuit travellers
7. Skeezers
8. Massage parlours/photo studios
Critically discuss the different types of white collar crime - answer• misappropriation of
pension funds
• advertisements that deliberately mislead potential buyers
• labour offences where workers are exposed to unsafe conditions
• inadequate monitoring of unsafe products.
• bribing politicians or political parties in order to secure lucrative contracts
Discuss the characteristics of organised crime according to Glick (1995), Reid (1997),
Lyman and Potter (2004) - answer• Organisational continuity.
• Hierarchical structure.
• Restricted/exclusive membership.
• Criminality/violence/power.
• Legitimate business involvement.
• Use of specialists.
Herbig (2004) believes that failure to classify and/or recognise conservation crime as a
unique crime category could promote .• perceptions of this type of crime among
criminological scholars and conservation officials. - answerrigid and ignorant
Foundations for an environmental perspective In criminology have been laid. Which
perspective 1s required for dual purposes of innovation and consolidation? -
answerrecognition of a viable and unambiguous criminological perspective
Which of the following will best describe the inhumane severe penalties in Saudi
Arabia? - answermurder and rape are punished by cutting off the offender's head by
sword in public
Which of the following Is related to public order crimes and differs from country to
country? - answerMoral laws, codes and standards
Choose the correct .......... answer may be regarded as the primary objective of
organised crime - answerEconomic gain
Identify which combination of existing theories can explain conservation crime -
answerRational choice, social learning, general theory of crime, neutralisation
Which one of the following Is not an example of white-collar crime? - answerAfrican
organised crime
Crime classification refers to one of the following options - answerThe partition or
arrangement of crime data into segments representative of legal definitions of criminal
acts, according to recorded crime statIstIcs
Why Is the use of the term "public order crimes" preferred against the use of the word
"victimless crime"? - answerSecondary victims are involved
Around which one of the following does the core syndicate activity m Africa revolve? -
answerBlack market business crimes
Which term can best be used to describe crime directed at natural resources? -
answerConservation crime
Which one of the following crimes falls into the category of crime Sutherland had in
mind when he defined white-collar crime? - answerCorporate crime
Wh1ch country perceives murder, rape, robbery and aggravated assault as priority
crimes? - answerAmerica
Choose the correct option:
Victimless crimes may be defined as offences committed by adults with the voluntary
and consent of all involved and without any of the parties lodging a complaint with the
police - answermutual
Which factor contributes to the incidence of organised crime in South Africa? -
answerFavourable geographical position
Which form of pollution Is of greater immediate concern than any other type of
pollution? - answerAir pollution
Embezzlement 1s an example of which one of the following crimes? - answerWhite-
collar crime
,Exam Pack1 2021
Which factors are strongly related to contact crimes? - answerAlcohol and other
substance abuse
Prostitution is based on a balance between the supply of available -------- and the
demand for ------- to provide the sex act - answervictims, victims
Which theory relating to the explanation of organised criminal activities states that
"aberrant behaviour can be viewed as a symptom of the dissociation between culturally
defined asp1rat1ons and socially structured means"? - answerAnomie theory
Which form of pollution 1s regarded as one of the oldest environmental problems,
usually ascribed to urbanisation, industrialisation and waste disposal? - answerWater
pollution
Employee theft is primarily explained m terms of which one of the following factors? -
answerJob dissatisfaction
Which factors influence Advance Fee Fraud (AFF)? - answerImport of consumer and
economic investment goods
Which type of prostitutes 1s most likely to be impoverished representatives of ethnic or
racial minorities? - answerStreet workers
Indicate on which type of crime does the ma,n focus fall m terms of transnational and
international organised crime 1n Mozambique? - answerdrug trafficking
Choose the correct option Policing should, 1n its widest sense, involve the of risk,
alongside criminal investigation and other law enforcement activities -
answermanagement
Wildlife trade is regarded as the ............ biggest illegal trade in the world -
answersecond
When a factory dumps hazardous waste in a river, it is an example of which one of the
following categories of crime? - answercorporate crime
Discuss the nature and extent of conservation crime - answer1. Environmental pollution
2. Air pollution
3. Water pollution
4. Solid and hazardous waste pollution
5. 3.7.1.4 Noise pollution
6. 3.7.2 Illegal trade in endangered species
7. 3.7.3 Transnational conservation crime
8. 3.7.4 The problem of waste
, Exam Pack1 2021
Identify and discuss the different theoretical explanations for white collar crime -
answer1. An ethical explanation for white collar crime
2. A psychological explanation for corporate crime
Define prostitution and discuss the different types of prostitutes - answerProstitution
1. Prostitution-as-work
2. Prostitution-as-exploitation
3. Prostitution in South Africa
Types of prostitution
1. Streetwalkers
2. Bar girls
3. Brothel prostitutes
4. Call girls
5. Escort services/call houses
6. Circuit travellers
7. Skeezers
8. Massage parlours/photo studios
Critically discuss the different types of white collar crime - answer• misappropriation of
pension funds
• advertisements that deliberately mislead potential buyers
• labour offences where workers are exposed to unsafe conditions
• inadequate monitoring of unsafe products.
• bribing politicians or political parties in order to secure lucrative contracts
Discuss the characteristics of organised crime according to Glick (1995), Reid (1997),
Lyman and Potter (2004) - answer• Organisational continuity.
• Hierarchical structure.
• Restricted/exclusive membership.
• Criminality/violence/power.
• Legitimate business involvement.
• Use of specialists.
Herbig (2004) believes that failure to classify and/or recognise conservation crime as a
unique crime category could promote .• perceptions of this type of crime among
criminological scholars and conservation officials. - answerrigid and ignorant
Foundations for an environmental perspective In criminology have been laid. Which
perspective 1s required for dual purposes of innovation and consolidation? -
answerrecognition of a viable and unambiguous criminological perspective
Which of the following will best describe the inhumane severe penalties in Saudi
Arabia? - answermurder and rape are punished by cutting off the offender's head by
sword in public
