ALL Peds HESI
"A mother tells the nurse that her child does not want anything to do with toilet training and yells "NO!"
consistently when she tries to toilet train. The child is 2 years old. According to Erikson, the nurse
interprets that the child is experiencing which psychosocial crisis?"
a. autonomy vs shame and doubt
b. initiative vs guilt
c. industry vs inferiority
d. trust vs mistrust ans: Autonomy vs shame and doubt
A 2-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). During the focused
assessment, the nurse makes it a priority to note the presence of which of the following?"
a. increased irritability and the child's insistence to be carried out
b. complaints of joint stiffness
c. history of daily temperature elevations
d. description of how difficult it is to move around after periods of inactivity ans: increased irritability
and the child's insistence to be carried out
A mother of a toddler who is hospitalized with mild dehydration must leave her child to go to work.
Which behavior would the nurse expect to observe in the toddler immediately after the mother's
departure?
a. silently curled in bed with a blanket
b. loudly crying and kicking both legs
c. playing quietly with a favorite toy
d. sucking thumb and rocking back and forth ans: loudly crying and kicking both legs
"A newborn infant is diagnosed with hypospadias, and the mother asks the nurse about the disorder.
The nurse bases the response on which of the following?"
a. it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethra meatus is below the normal
placement on the glans penis
b. it occurs when one or both testes fail to descend through the inguinal canal into the scrotal sac
c. it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethral meatus is dorsal to the urethral
opening
d. it is a congential anomaly characterized by the extrusion of the urinary bladder to the outside of the
body ans: it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethra meatus is below the
normal placement on the glans penis
A home care nurse is providing instructions to a child with cystic fibrosis about how to perform the
"huff" maneuver; the child asks the nurse about the purpose of this type of breathing. The nurse makes
which response to the child?
a. "this type of breathing is used to mobilize secretions so that they can be easily coughed out"
b. "this type of breathing prolongs inspiration time"
c. "this type of breathing moves air out of the lower lungs"
d. "this type of breathing moves air through the lungs" ans: "this type of breathing is used to mobilize
secretions so that they can be easily coughed out"
,A home care nurse is instructing the mother of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) about the appropriate
dietary measures. The nurse tells the mother that the child needs to consume a:
a. low calorie, low fat diet
b. high calorie, high protein diet
c. low calorie, low protein diet
d. high calorie, restricted fat ans: high calorie, high protein diet
Breathing exercises and postural drainage is prescribed for a child with cystic fibrosis. A nurse
implements these procedures by telling the child to:
a. perform the postural drainage, then the breathing exercises
b. perform the breathing exercises, then the postural drainage
c. schedule the procedures so they are 4 hours apart
d. perform postural drainage in the morning and breathing exercises in the evening ans: perform the
postural drainage, then the breathing exercises
A nurse is reviewing the results of a sweat test performed on a child with cystic fibrosis (CF). The nurse
would expect to note which finding?
a. a sweat sodium concentration less than 40 mEq/L
b. a sweat potassium concentration less than 40 mEq/L
c. a sweat potassium concentration greater than 40 mEq/L
d. a sweat sodium concentration greater than 60 mEq/L ans: a sweat sodium concentration greater than
60 mEq/L
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the
medication and tells the mother to administer the medication:
a. before dinner and at bedtime
b. before breakfast and before the noontime meal
c. in the morning after breakfast and at bedtime
d. at the noontime and evening meals ans: before breakfast and before the noontime meal
"Methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) is prescribed for a 10-year-old child diagnosed with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder, and the nurse provides instructions to the mother about administration of
the medication. The nurse determines that the mother understands the instructions when the mother
states:"
a. I will give my child the medication at bedtime so that he will be rested and alert for school the next
day
b. I will give my child the medication after meals to obtain the full effects of the medication
c. I will give my child the medication at breakfast and lunch to prevent insomnia
d. I will give my child the medication with water to prevent kidney damage ans: I will give my child the
medication at breakfast and lunch to prevent insomnia
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the medication. Which
statement by the mother would indicate a need for further instructions?
a. I will administer the medication with the noontime meal
b. I will keep the medication tightly capped and away from direct heat
c. I should inform the school nurse that my child is taking this medication
,d. I should avoid giving the medications on Saturdays and Sundays to provide a medication holiday ans: I
should avoid giving the medications on Saturdays and Sundays to provide a medication holiday
A client with diplopia has been given an eye patch to promote better vision and prevent injury. The
nurse teaches the client to do which of the following as part of correct use of this item?
a. wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each day
b. wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each week
c. use the patch only when vision is exceptionally blurry
d. put the patch on for an hour, and then take it off for an hour ans: wear the patch continuously,
alternating eyes each day
A student nurse examines an Asian American infant's eyes and notes that the infant's eyes are crossed.
The registered nurse asks the student to interpret the finding. Which statement by the student indicates
an understanding of this assessment finding?
a. it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of the child;s ethnic background
b. you will want to call the pediatrician immediately because this could lead to detached retina
c. it probably is strabismus because the baby's mother has abused tranquilizers
d. strabismus isn't life threatening but it requires surgery in the first 2 months to prevent the crossed
eyes from being a life long condition ans: it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of
the child;s ethnic background
A nurse notes that a client's eyes are continuously moving back and forth within the eye sockets. The
nurse documents in the medical record that the client has:
a. ataxia
b. nystagmus
c. pronator drift
d. hyperreflexia ans: nystagmus
"A nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child with a diagnosis of strabismus of the left eye,
and the nurse reviews the procedure for patching the child. The nurse determines that the mother
understands the procedure if the mother makes which statement?"
a. I will place the patch on the right eye
b. I will place the patch on both eyes
c. I will place the patch on the left eye
d. I will alternate the patch from the right to the left eye every hour ans: I will place the patch on the
right eye
A nurse develops a plan of care for a one-month-old infant hospitalized for intussusception. Which
nursing measure would be most effective to provide psychosocial support for the parent-child
relationship?
a. encourage the parents to go home and get some sleep
b. encourage the parents to room-in with their infant
c. provide educational materials
d. initiate home nutritional support as early as possible ans: encourage the parents to room-in with their
infant
"A 12-year-old child is seen in the health care clinic. During the assessment, which finding would suggest
to the nurse that the child is experiencing a disruption in the development of self-concept?"
, a. the child has a part-time babysitting job
b. the child enjoys playing chess and mastering new skills with this game
c. the child has many friends
d. the child has an intimate relationship with a significant other ans: the child has an intimate
relationship with a significant other
A nurse is preparing to care for a child from a culture different from the nurse's. What is the best way to
address the cultural needs of the child and family when the child is admitted to the health care facility?
a. ask questions and explain to the family why the questions are being asked
b. explain to the family that while the child is being treated, they need to discontinue cultural practices
because they may be harmful to the child
c. ignore cultural needs because they are not important to health care professionals
d. only address those issues that directly affect the nurse's care of the child ans: ask questions and
explain to the family why the questions are being asked
"A 4-year-old child with cancer is admitted to the hospital for radiation therapy and surgery. To assess
adequacy of support for the child's psychosocial needs, the nurse would ask the parents which
question?"
a. what signs and symptoms has your child been having?
b. Will a family member be able to stay with the child most of the time?
c. How long have you known your child's diagnosis?
d. what are your child's favorite books, activities and toys? ans: Will a family member be able to stay
with the child most of the time?
A community health nurse is providing instructions to a group of mothers regarding the safe use of car
seats for toddlers. The nurse determines that the mother of a toddler understands the instructions if the
mother states which of the following?
a. The care seat can be placed in a face-forward position when the height of the toddler is 27 inches
b. The car seat should never be placed in a face-forward position
c. the car seat can be placed in a face-forward position at any time
d. The car seat is suitable for the toddler until the toddler reaches the weight of 40 pounds ans: The car
seat is suitable for the toddler until the toddler reaches the weight of 40 pounds
"When administering a liquid medication to an uncooperative toddler, the nurse would implement
which strategy?"
a. allow the parents to remain the room
b. remove the child to another room away from the parents
c. restrain the child in a high chair
d. restrain the child in a papoose restraining device ans: allow the parents to remain the room
A toddler is admitted to the hospital for fever of unknown origin. The mother's time at the hospital is
limited to the hours that her other children are in school. The nurse shows an understanding of a
toddler's psychosocial development by making which statement to the mother?
a. it is better to leave without saying good-bye, so your child will not be upset
b. your child is too old to be having separation anxiety. Crying is just a way for children to control
parents
c. your child is egocentric, which allows a child to self comfort
"A mother tells the nurse that her child does not want anything to do with toilet training and yells "NO!"
consistently when she tries to toilet train. The child is 2 years old. According to Erikson, the nurse
interprets that the child is experiencing which psychosocial crisis?"
a. autonomy vs shame and doubt
b. initiative vs guilt
c. industry vs inferiority
d. trust vs mistrust ans: Autonomy vs shame and doubt
A 2-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). During the focused
assessment, the nurse makes it a priority to note the presence of which of the following?"
a. increased irritability and the child's insistence to be carried out
b. complaints of joint stiffness
c. history of daily temperature elevations
d. description of how difficult it is to move around after periods of inactivity ans: increased irritability
and the child's insistence to be carried out
A mother of a toddler who is hospitalized with mild dehydration must leave her child to go to work.
Which behavior would the nurse expect to observe in the toddler immediately after the mother's
departure?
a. silently curled in bed with a blanket
b. loudly crying and kicking both legs
c. playing quietly with a favorite toy
d. sucking thumb and rocking back and forth ans: loudly crying and kicking both legs
"A newborn infant is diagnosed with hypospadias, and the mother asks the nurse about the disorder.
The nurse bases the response on which of the following?"
a. it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethra meatus is below the normal
placement on the glans penis
b. it occurs when one or both testes fail to descend through the inguinal canal into the scrotal sac
c. it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethral meatus is dorsal to the urethral
opening
d. it is a congential anomaly characterized by the extrusion of the urinary bladder to the outside of the
body ans: it is a congenital anomaly in which the actual opening of the urethra meatus is below the
normal placement on the glans penis
A home care nurse is providing instructions to a child with cystic fibrosis about how to perform the
"huff" maneuver; the child asks the nurse about the purpose of this type of breathing. The nurse makes
which response to the child?
a. "this type of breathing is used to mobilize secretions so that they can be easily coughed out"
b. "this type of breathing prolongs inspiration time"
c. "this type of breathing moves air out of the lower lungs"
d. "this type of breathing moves air through the lungs" ans: "this type of breathing is used to mobilize
secretions so that they can be easily coughed out"
,A home care nurse is instructing the mother of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) about the appropriate
dietary measures. The nurse tells the mother that the child needs to consume a:
a. low calorie, low fat diet
b. high calorie, high protein diet
c. low calorie, low protein diet
d. high calorie, restricted fat ans: high calorie, high protein diet
Breathing exercises and postural drainage is prescribed for a child with cystic fibrosis. A nurse
implements these procedures by telling the child to:
a. perform the postural drainage, then the breathing exercises
b. perform the breathing exercises, then the postural drainage
c. schedule the procedures so they are 4 hours apart
d. perform postural drainage in the morning and breathing exercises in the evening ans: perform the
postural drainage, then the breathing exercises
A nurse is reviewing the results of a sweat test performed on a child with cystic fibrosis (CF). The nurse
would expect to note which finding?
a. a sweat sodium concentration less than 40 mEq/L
b. a sweat potassium concentration less than 40 mEq/L
c. a sweat potassium concentration greater than 40 mEq/L
d. a sweat sodium concentration greater than 60 mEq/L ans: a sweat sodium concentration greater than
60 mEq/L
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the
medication and tells the mother to administer the medication:
a. before dinner and at bedtime
b. before breakfast and before the noontime meal
c. in the morning after breakfast and at bedtime
d. at the noontime and evening meals ans: before breakfast and before the noontime meal
"Methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) is prescribed for a 10-year-old child diagnosed with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder, and the nurse provides instructions to the mother about administration of
the medication. The nurse determines that the mother understands the instructions when the mother
states:"
a. I will give my child the medication at bedtime so that he will be rested and alert for school the next
day
b. I will give my child the medication after meals to obtain the full effects of the medication
c. I will give my child the medication at breakfast and lunch to prevent insomnia
d. I will give my child the medication with water to prevent kidney damage ans: I will give my child the
medication at breakfast and lunch to prevent insomnia
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the medication. Which
statement by the mother would indicate a need for further instructions?
a. I will administer the medication with the noontime meal
b. I will keep the medication tightly capped and away from direct heat
c. I should inform the school nurse that my child is taking this medication
,d. I should avoid giving the medications on Saturdays and Sundays to provide a medication holiday ans: I
should avoid giving the medications on Saturdays and Sundays to provide a medication holiday
A client with diplopia has been given an eye patch to promote better vision and prevent injury. The
nurse teaches the client to do which of the following as part of correct use of this item?
a. wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each day
b. wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each week
c. use the patch only when vision is exceptionally blurry
d. put the patch on for an hour, and then take it off for an hour ans: wear the patch continuously,
alternating eyes each day
A student nurse examines an Asian American infant's eyes and notes that the infant's eyes are crossed.
The registered nurse asks the student to interpret the finding. Which statement by the student indicates
an understanding of this assessment finding?
a. it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of the child;s ethnic background
b. you will want to call the pediatrician immediately because this could lead to detached retina
c. it probably is strabismus because the baby's mother has abused tranquilizers
d. strabismus isn't life threatening but it requires surgery in the first 2 months to prevent the crossed
eyes from being a life long condition ans: it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of
the child;s ethnic background
A nurse notes that a client's eyes are continuously moving back and forth within the eye sockets. The
nurse documents in the medical record that the client has:
a. ataxia
b. nystagmus
c. pronator drift
d. hyperreflexia ans: nystagmus
"A nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child with a diagnosis of strabismus of the left eye,
and the nurse reviews the procedure for patching the child. The nurse determines that the mother
understands the procedure if the mother makes which statement?"
a. I will place the patch on the right eye
b. I will place the patch on both eyes
c. I will place the patch on the left eye
d. I will alternate the patch from the right to the left eye every hour ans: I will place the patch on the
right eye
A nurse develops a plan of care for a one-month-old infant hospitalized for intussusception. Which
nursing measure would be most effective to provide psychosocial support for the parent-child
relationship?
a. encourage the parents to go home and get some sleep
b. encourage the parents to room-in with their infant
c. provide educational materials
d. initiate home nutritional support as early as possible ans: encourage the parents to room-in with their
infant
"A 12-year-old child is seen in the health care clinic. During the assessment, which finding would suggest
to the nurse that the child is experiencing a disruption in the development of self-concept?"
, a. the child has a part-time babysitting job
b. the child enjoys playing chess and mastering new skills with this game
c. the child has many friends
d. the child has an intimate relationship with a significant other ans: the child has an intimate
relationship with a significant other
A nurse is preparing to care for a child from a culture different from the nurse's. What is the best way to
address the cultural needs of the child and family when the child is admitted to the health care facility?
a. ask questions and explain to the family why the questions are being asked
b. explain to the family that while the child is being treated, they need to discontinue cultural practices
because they may be harmful to the child
c. ignore cultural needs because they are not important to health care professionals
d. only address those issues that directly affect the nurse's care of the child ans: ask questions and
explain to the family why the questions are being asked
"A 4-year-old child with cancer is admitted to the hospital for radiation therapy and surgery. To assess
adequacy of support for the child's psychosocial needs, the nurse would ask the parents which
question?"
a. what signs and symptoms has your child been having?
b. Will a family member be able to stay with the child most of the time?
c. How long have you known your child's diagnosis?
d. what are your child's favorite books, activities and toys? ans: Will a family member be able to stay
with the child most of the time?
A community health nurse is providing instructions to a group of mothers regarding the safe use of car
seats for toddlers. The nurse determines that the mother of a toddler understands the instructions if the
mother states which of the following?
a. The care seat can be placed in a face-forward position when the height of the toddler is 27 inches
b. The car seat should never be placed in a face-forward position
c. the car seat can be placed in a face-forward position at any time
d. The car seat is suitable for the toddler until the toddler reaches the weight of 40 pounds ans: The car
seat is suitable for the toddler until the toddler reaches the weight of 40 pounds
"When administering a liquid medication to an uncooperative toddler, the nurse would implement
which strategy?"
a. allow the parents to remain the room
b. remove the child to another room away from the parents
c. restrain the child in a high chair
d. restrain the child in a papoose restraining device ans: allow the parents to remain the room
A toddler is admitted to the hospital for fever of unknown origin. The mother's time at the hospital is
limited to the hours that her other children are in school. The nurse shows an understanding of a
toddler's psychosocial development by making which statement to the mother?
a. it is better to leave without saying good-bye, so your child will not be upset
b. your child is too old to be having separation anxiety. Crying is just a way for children to control
parents
c. your child is egocentric, which allows a child to self comfort
