capstone med sure(questions with complete solutions)

A nurse is caring for a client following an infratentorial craniotomy. How should the nurse position this client in the immediate post-operative period? Infratentorial craniotomy the patient should be placed flat and side-lying. Turn side to side every 2 hours for 24 to 48 hours A nurse is caring for a client following a bone marrow biopsy. What information should the nurse include in the discharge education? Teach the client to report excessive bleeding and evidence of infection to the provider. Teach the client to check the biopsy site daily. If have sutures return in 7 to 10 days to get them removed. Apply ice to biopsy site to prevent bleeding. Avoid aspirin and other bleeding agents. 00:27 01:16 What are three (3) risk factors for testicular cancer? List three (3) subjective and objective findings in the client with testicular cancer? Testicular cancer is rare and most common in men between ages 20-35. Undescended testicles, HIV infection, and genetic disposition. Findings: change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that does not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere, indigestion or difficulty swallowing, obvious change in warts or moles, nagging cough or hoarseness. Subjective findings: lump in the testes, feeling of heaviness in the testicles. Objective findings: enlarged testes without pain, palpable lumps, swelling of lymph nodes in the groin. What are the recommendations for vaccinations in the adult population? Tetanus, diphtheria. Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, meningococcal vaccination, influenza vaccination, HPV, MMR, varicella, pneumococcal. A nurse is providing education regarding risk factors for gout. What information should be provided? • Obesity • Cardiovascular disease • Trauma • Alcohol ingestion • Starvation dieting • Diuretic use • Chemotherapy agents • Chronic kidney failure A nurse is caring for a client scheduled for a liver biopsy. What nursing actions should be taken before, during and after this procedure? Position the client on the RIGHT side for 1-2h after to ensure hemostasis •Monitor for hemorrhage (coagulation studies, frank bleeding) A nurse is caring for a client with multiple risk factors for peripheral vascular disease. List four (4) risk factors associated with peripheral vascular disease. • Hypertension • Hyperlipidemia • Female • Diabetes mellitus A mass casualty event has occurred, and a nurse is responsible for client triage. What categories should the nurse use and what do these mean? (Review the Nursing Leadership Review Module) 1. Emergent: highest priority is given to clients who have life-threatening injuries but also have a high possibility of survival once they are stabilized. 2. Urgent: second-highest priority is given to clients who have major injuries that are not yet life-threatening and usually can wait 45-60 minutes for treatment. 3. Nonurgent: The next highest priority is given to clients who have minor injuries that are not life-threatening and do not need immediate attention. Expectant: the lowest priority is given to clients who are not expected to live and will be allowed to die naturally. Comfort measures can be provided but restorative care will not. A nurse is caring for a client with a history of migraines with auras. What are the stages of this type of migraine? Prodromal stage: awareness of findings for hours to days before onset: irritability, depression, food cravings, diarrhea/constipation, and frequent urination. Aura stage: over minutes to an hour include neurologic findings such as numbness, tingling of the mouth, lips, face, or hands, actus confusion state, visual disturbances. Second stage: Severe, incapacitating, throbbing headache that intensifies over several hours and is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, and vertigo. Third stage: 4-72 hours, headache is dull. Recovery with pain and aura subsiding. Muscle aches and contraction of head and neck muscles are common. Physical activity worsens pain, and client might sleep.