Nursing Bullets: Fundamentals of Nursing Reviewer 1
Nursing Bullets: Fundamentals of Nursing Reviewer 1
Topics
Topics included are:
• Vital Signs
• Some Anatomy and Physiology
• Nursing Procedures
• Various concepts about Fundamentals of Nursing
Bullets
1. A blood pressure cuff that’s too narrow can cause a falsely elevated bloodpressure
reading.
2. When preparing a single injection for a patient who takes regular and neutral
protein Hagedorn insulin, the nurse should draw the regular insulin into the
syringe first so that it does not contaminate the regular insulin.
3. Rhonchi are the rumbling sounds heard on lung auscultation. They are more
pronounced during expiration than during inspiration.
4. Gavage is forced feeding, usually through a gastric tube (a tube passed into
the stomach through the mouth).
5. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, physiologic needs (air, water, food,
shelter, sex, activity, and comfort) have the highest priority.
6. The safest and surest way to verify a patient’s identity is to check the
identification band on his wrist.
7. In the therapeutic environment, the patient’s safety is the primary concern.
8. Fluid oscillation in the tubing of a chest drainage system indicates that the system
is working properly.
9. The nurse should place a patient who has a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in
semi- Fowler position.
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, Nursing Bullets: Fundamentals of Nursing Reviewer 1
10. The nurse can elicit Trousseau’s sign by occluding the brachial or radial artery.
Hand and finger spasms that occur during occlusion indicate Trousseau’s sign and
suggest hypocalcemia.
11. For blood transfusion in an adult, the appropriate needle size is 16 to 20G.
12. Intractable pain is pain that incapacitates a patient and can’t be relieved by drugs.
13. In an emergency, consent for treatment can be obtained by fax, telephone, or
other telegraphic means.
14. Decibel is the unit of measurement of sound.
15. Informed consent is required for any invasive procedure.
16. A patient who can’t write his name to give consent for treatment must make an X
in the presence of two witnesses, such as a nurse, priest, or physician.
17. The Z-track I.M. injection technique seals the drug deep into the muscle, thereby
minimizing skin irritation and staining. It requires a needle that’s 1″ (2.5 cm) or
longer.
18. In the event of fire, the acronym most often used is RACE. (R) Remove the patient.
(A) Activate the alarm. (C) Attempt to contain the fire by closing the door.
(E) Extinguish the fire if it can be done safely.
19. A registered nurse should assign a licensed vocational nurse or licensed practical
nurse to perform bedside care, such as suctioning and drug administration.
20. If a patient can’t void, the first nursing action should be bladder palpation to
assess for bladder distention.
21. The patient who uses a cane should carry it on the unaffected side and advance it
at the same time as the affected extremity.
22. To fit a supine patient for crutches, the nurse should measure from the axilla to
the sole and add 2″ (5 cm) to that measurement.
2
, Nursing Bullets: Fundamentals of Nursing Reviewer 1
23. Assessment begins with the nurse’s first encounter with the patient and continues
throughout the patient’s stay. The nurse obtains assessment data through the
health history, physical examination, and review of diagnostic studies.
24. The appropriate needle size for insulin injection is 25G and 5/8″ long.
25. Residual urine is urine that remains in the bladder after voiding. The amount of
residual urine is normally 50 to 100 ml.
26. The five stages of the nursing process are assessment, nursing diagnosis,
planning, implementation, and evaluation.
27. Assessment is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse continuously
collects data to identify a patient’s actual and potential health needs.
28. Nursing diagnosis is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse makes
a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community responses to actual or
potential health problems or life processes.
29. Planning is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse assigns priorities
to nursing diagnoses, defines short-term and long-term goals and expected
outcomes, and establishes the nursing care plan.
30. Implementation is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse puts the
nursing care plan into action, delegates specific nursing interventions to members
of the nursing team, and charts patient responses to nursing interventions.
31. Evaluation is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse compares
objective and subjective data with the outcome criteria and, if needed,
modifies the nursing care plan.
32. Before administering any “as needed” pain medication, the nurse should ask the
patient to indicate the location of the pain.
33. Jehovah’s Witnesses believe that they shouldn’t receive blood components
donated by other people.
3
, Nursing Bullets: Fundamentals of Nursing Reviewer 1
34. To test visual acuity, the nurse should ask the patient to cover each eye
separately and to read the eye chart with glasses and without, as appropriate.
35. When providing oral care for an unconscious patient, to minimize the risk
of aspiration, the nurse should position the patient on the side.
36. During assessment of distance vision, the patient should stand 20′ (6.1 m) from
the chart.
37. For a geriatric patient or one who is extremely ill, the ideal room temperature
is 66° to 76° F (18.8° to 24.4° C).
38. Normal room humidity is 30% to 60%.
39. Hand washing is the single best method of limiting the spread of microorganisms.
Once gloves are removed after routine contact with a patient, hands should be
washed for 10 to 15 seconds.
40. To perform catheterization, the nurse should place a woman in the dorsal
recumbent position.
41. A positive Homan’s sign may indicate thrombophlebitis.
42. Electrolytes in a solution are measured in milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
A milliequivalent is the number of milligrams per 100 milliliters of a solution.
43. Metabolism occurs in two phases: anabolism (the constructive phase) and
catabolism (the destructive phase).
44. The basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy needed to maintain essential
body functions. It’s measured when the patient is awake and resting, hasn’t eaten
for 14 to 18 hours, and is in a comfortable, warm environment.
45. The basal metabolic rate is expressed in calories consumed per hour per kilogram
of body weight.
4
Nursing Bullets: Fundamentals of Nursing Reviewer 1
Topics
Topics included are:
• Vital Signs
• Some Anatomy and Physiology
• Nursing Procedures
• Various concepts about Fundamentals of Nursing
Bullets
1. A blood pressure cuff that’s too narrow can cause a falsely elevated bloodpressure
reading.
2. When preparing a single injection for a patient who takes regular and neutral
protein Hagedorn insulin, the nurse should draw the regular insulin into the
syringe first so that it does not contaminate the regular insulin.
3. Rhonchi are the rumbling sounds heard on lung auscultation. They are more
pronounced during expiration than during inspiration.
4. Gavage is forced feeding, usually through a gastric tube (a tube passed into
the stomach through the mouth).
5. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, physiologic needs (air, water, food,
shelter, sex, activity, and comfort) have the highest priority.
6. The safest and surest way to verify a patient’s identity is to check the
identification band on his wrist.
7. In the therapeutic environment, the patient’s safety is the primary concern.
8. Fluid oscillation in the tubing of a chest drainage system indicates that the system
is working properly.
9. The nurse should place a patient who has a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in
semi- Fowler position.
1
, Nursing Bullets: Fundamentals of Nursing Reviewer 1
10. The nurse can elicit Trousseau’s sign by occluding the brachial or radial artery.
Hand and finger spasms that occur during occlusion indicate Trousseau’s sign and
suggest hypocalcemia.
11. For blood transfusion in an adult, the appropriate needle size is 16 to 20G.
12. Intractable pain is pain that incapacitates a patient and can’t be relieved by drugs.
13. In an emergency, consent for treatment can be obtained by fax, telephone, or
other telegraphic means.
14. Decibel is the unit of measurement of sound.
15. Informed consent is required for any invasive procedure.
16. A patient who can’t write his name to give consent for treatment must make an X
in the presence of two witnesses, such as a nurse, priest, or physician.
17. The Z-track I.M. injection technique seals the drug deep into the muscle, thereby
minimizing skin irritation and staining. It requires a needle that’s 1″ (2.5 cm) or
longer.
18. In the event of fire, the acronym most often used is RACE. (R) Remove the patient.
(A) Activate the alarm. (C) Attempt to contain the fire by closing the door.
(E) Extinguish the fire if it can be done safely.
19. A registered nurse should assign a licensed vocational nurse or licensed practical
nurse to perform bedside care, such as suctioning and drug administration.
20. If a patient can’t void, the first nursing action should be bladder palpation to
assess for bladder distention.
21. The patient who uses a cane should carry it on the unaffected side and advance it
at the same time as the affected extremity.
22. To fit a supine patient for crutches, the nurse should measure from the axilla to
the sole and add 2″ (5 cm) to that measurement.
2
, Nursing Bullets: Fundamentals of Nursing Reviewer 1
23. Assessment begins with the nurse’s first encounter with the patient and continues
throughout the patient’s stay. The nurse obtains assessment data through the
health history, physical examination, and review of diagnostic studies.
24. The appropriate needle size for insulin injection is 25G and 5/8″ long.
25. Residual urine is urine that remains in the bladder after voiding. The amount of
residual urine is normally 50 to 100 ml.
26. The five stages of the nursing process are assessment, nursing diagnosis,
planning, implementation, and evaluation.
27. Assessment is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse continuously
collects data to identify a patient’s actual and potential health needs.
28. Nursing diagnosis is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse makes
a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community responses to actual or
potential health problems or life processes.
29. Planning is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse assigns priorities
to nursing diagnoses, defines short-term and long-term goals and expected
outcomes, and establishes the nursing care plan.
30. Implementation is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse puts the
nursing care plan into action, delegates specific nursing interventions to members
of the nursing team, and charts patient responses to nursing interventions.
31. Evaluation is the stage of the nursing process in which the nurse compares
objective and subjective data with the outcome criteria and, if needed,
modifies the nursing care plan.
32. Before administering any “as needed” pain medication, the nurse should ask the
patient to indicate the location of the pain.
33. Jehovah’s Witnesses believe that they shouldn’t receive blood components
donated by other people.
3
, Nursing Bullets: Fundamentals of Nursing Reviewer 1
34. To test visual acuity, the nurse should ask the patient to cover each eye
separately and to read the eye chart with glasses and without, as appropriate.
35. When providing oral care for an unconscious patient, to minimize the risk
of aspiration, the nurse should position the patient on the side.
36. During assessment of distance vision, the patient should stand 20′ (6.1 m) from
the chart.
37. For a geriatric patient or one who is extremely ill, the ideal room temperature
is 66° to 76° F (18.8° to 24.4° C).
38. Normal room humidity is 30% to 60%.
39. Hand washing is the single best method of limiting the spread of microorganisms.
Once gloves are removed after routine contact with a patient, hands should be
washed for 10 to 15 seconds.
40. To perform catheterization, the nurse should place a woman in the dorsal
recumbent position.
41. A positive Homan’s sign may indicate thrombophlebitis.
42. Electrolytes in a solution are measured in milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
A milliequivalent is the number of milligrams per 100 milliliters of a solution.
43. Metabolism occurs in two phases: anabolism (the constructive phase) and
catabolism (the destructive phase).
44. The basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy needed to maintain essential
body functions. It’s measured when the patient is awake and resting, hasn’t eaten
for 14 to 18 hours, and is in a comfortable, warm environment.
45. The basal metabolic rate is expressed in calories consumed per hour per kilogram
of body weight.
4
