Study Guide Quiz 8 (BIOL 101 LUO)

Study Guide Quiz 8 (BIOL 101 LUO) Species ans: A problem that frustrates attempts to organize the entire living world for study: We don't know how many separate __________ of life forms exist on this planet. Complex ans: A problem that frustrates attempts to organize the entire living world for study: Organisms are too __________. Their many, overlapping characteristics often place them into more than one taxonomic group. Their origin ans: A problem that frustrates attempts to organize the entire living world for study: The need of evolutionists to bring the entire diversity of living things back into, ultimately _____ _________. Taxonomy ans: In the discipline of ____________, we seek to scientifically name each variety of life-form we find and relate it to other similar species. Systematics ans: In the discipline of ___________ we attempt to derive a biologically meaningful filing system for organizing millions of genera and species. Structurally close to each other ans: What criteria are used for collecting species of organisms into a Genus? Genus ans: Compared to a species, a ________is more inclusive with broader structural and functional variations. Latin, visible (?), feature ans: When we create a scientific name for a newly discovered species, we use ___________ root words, and name the organism for its primary ___________ distinguishing ___________. Homo sapiens ans: Be able to properly write the scientific name for human beings according to the rules for naming species. Order, family, genus, species ans: List these four taxonomic levels in their correct order from the smallest to the most inclusive: Family, Genus, Order, species. Family, order, class, phylum, kingdom ans: List these five taxonomic levels in their correct order from the smallest grouping to the most inclusive: Class, Family, Kingdom, Order, Phylum. Photosynthesis, multicellularity, nucleus, flagellae, mitochondria, amoeboid, gene sequences ans: List and describe seven basic characteristics used to classify living things. Domain ans: Emerging data and arguments produce a state of flux in modern systematic groupings. This is easily seen in the variety of conflicting Kingdom or ________ structures. Groups (systematic), or clades ans: List the Kingdoms or Domains found in two "conventional classification schemes" shared in your text. Each scheme attempts to take in all known organisms. Ancestors ans: Evolutionary theorists believe that all the species within a clade (large group of organisms) derive from a single common __________. Concepts ans: In the minds of design theorists, separate clades (large groups) represent separate _________ in the Mind of a Designer. Bacteria (species) ans: Eschenchia coli Archaea (species) ans: Pyrodictium occultum Excavata (species) ans: Trichomonas vaginalis Rhizana (species) ans: Globigenna bulloides Disicristates (species) ans: Euglena gracilis Alveolata (species) ans: Paramecium Stramenopiles (species) ans: Stephanodiscus niagarae Amobozoa (species) ans: Amobea proteus Plants (species) ans: Pisum sativum Opisthokonta (species) ans: Zonotrichia leucophrys Bacteria (characteristics) ans: A large group of prokaryotic, mostly unicellular organisms; those with cell walls contain the polymer peptidoglycan in those walls. Archaea (characteristics) ans: A large group of prokaryotic, mostly unicellular organisms that tend to inhabit extremes of environment such as high-temperature, high-pressure, or high-salt environments. Excavata (characteristics) ans: A large group of unicellular eukaryotic organisms with mitochondria that are highly modified or absent; usually possessing two, four, or more flagellae. Rhizaria (characteristics) ans: A large group of unicellular eukaryotes that includes ameboid cells as well as foraminerans and radiolarians; most have mitochondria with tubular cristae. Discicristates (characteristics) ans: A large group of unicellular eukaryotes whose mitochondrial cristae are disc-like in shape; includes many euglenoid forms such as genus Euglena. Alveolata (characteristics) ans: A large group of unicellular eukaryotic forms that includes those possessing cilia and the sporozoan cells that cause malaria; possess mitochondria with tubular cristae. Stramenopiles (characteristics) ans: A large group of golden and brown algae and diatoms; all are eukaryotic; also called heterokonts as a motile stage of their life cycle contains two different shaped flagellae. Amoebozoa (characteristics) ans: Single-celled, eukaryotic forms that move by internal flow of cytoplasm into blunt, lobe-like pseudopodial extensions of the cell membrane. Plants (characteristics) ans: Composed largely of multicel-lular forms that are eukaryotic in structure and diverse in habitat. Opisthokonta (characteristics) ans: A large group of eukaryotic multicellular life-forms that includes the fungi and animal kingdoms. Flagellated cells in this group have a single, posteriorly oriented flagellum. Phases ans: Your textbook describes two sequential _________ of interaction between organisms and their environments that have existed since God's creative work began. Littoral, limnetic, profundal ans: Name the three zones of life found in a lake? Limnetic ans: A lake's phytoplankton species would be found in highest numbers in the ________ zone. Nutrients, phytoplankton ans: During the springtime, a light wind blowing across a lake will foster the process of lake overturn. This timely event will bring together accumulated ___________ with living _____________. The floating ice provides insulation against the cold, winter weather, allowing more creatures to survive. ans: Explain how the unusual relative densities of water and ice are critical to the viability of life in a deep lake. Organism, survive, grow, and reproduce, population ecology, community ecology, ecosystem. ans: List the names of several different levels of organization at which ecology is studied. Community ans: Studying competition between the Peaks of Otter salamander and the Eastern Red Back salamander would be an example of studying ecology at the _______ level. Ecosystem ans: At which of the levels of organization listed above can the Peaks of Otter salamander be studied? Habitat ans: An area providing cool, moist conditions with rocks and decaying logs at an appropriate elevation and rainfall level constitutes a good ________ for the Peaks of Otter salamander. Niche ans: The functional role of a species within its habitat is referred to as its __________. Commenalism ans: A relationship between two species in which members of one species are benefited and members of the other species are unaffected is termed __________. True ans: The relationship between the wildebeest species and Thompson's gazelle species represents a good example of commensalism. Interspecific competition competition between individuals of different species where both species are adversely affected. ans: Define the phrase "interspecific competition." Do this by describing how the species within this relationship are affected. They can't thrive up in the higher zones. ans: Why are young Balanus barnacles not able to compete successfully with Chthamalus barnacles in higher intertidal regions? They forage different zones of the spruce trees. ans: How do species of warblers (birds) living in the same spruce forest minimize their interspecific competition? Bubble netting ans: Baleen whales use a method called _______ to concentrate and then prey on schools of herring fish. Plants ans: Distasteful products of metabolism, thorns, fuzzy structures and predator satiation are all defense tactics. What large group of organisms use these tactics to keep from being preyed upon or to minimize the effects of such predation? Batesian mimicry ans: Sometimes a species of fly has a bold coloration pattern very similar to that of an unpalatable (stinging) Yellow jacket. The fly's coloration "strategy" is termed __________ __________. Mutualism ans: What is the best term to describe the species-species interaction between Pseudomyrmex ants and the bullhorn acacia plant? ______________. Much of the honey is only accessible to the birds through human intervention. ans: The community relationship between human beings and the Greater Honeyguide bird is best described with the term mutualism. We know how humans are benefited from this relationship. How are the birds benefitted? We should care for the environment like we care for our own bodies; to bring glory to God. ans: Give a reason for why a fallen, decaying created order still needs to be stewarded carefully by its human inhabitants.