TEAS 6 Science
ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY
LATEST STUDY
GUIDE 2021 2022
,TEAS 6 Science
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Endocrine System
Gland/Organ Hormone Secreted Function
Hypothalamus Releasing/Inhibiting hormones Stimulate Pituitary
Anterior Pituitary (base ofAdrenocorticotropic Hormone Stimulate adrenal cortex to secrete
brain; controls growth and(ACTH) glucocorticoids
development
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Stimulate the Thyroid gland
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)Stimulates production of ova (females) and
sperm (males)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Stimulates Ovaries (females) and Testes
(males)
Prolactin Stimulates milk production
Growth Hormone (GH) Stimulates growth (bones) and metabolic
functions
Posterior Pituitary (back ofAntidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Promotes retention of water by the kidneys
anterior pituitary)
Oxytocin Stimulates contraction of uterus and
mammary gland cells
Pineal Gland (center of Melatonin Sleep cycles; biorhythms
brain)
Thyroid (neck; hormones Triiodothyronine (T3) Metabolism
regulate growth,
development, and Thyroxine (T4) Metabolism and temperature
metabolism) Calcitonin Inhibits release of Calcium from bones
Parathyroid (4 glands on Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Stimulates release of calcium from bones,
Thyroid) back into blood.
Thymus (lymphoid organ Thymosin Stimulates T-Cell Development
that produces T-Cells)
Adrenal Glands (Above See below See below
Kidneys; regulate HR, BP,
and other functions)
Adrenal Cortex (stimulatesCortisol/Glucocorticoids Stress response; Increase blood glucose,
fight or flight response) Decrease immune response; metabolism
Aldosterone Regulates Na content in blood
Adrenal Medulla Epinephrine Fight
, TEAS 6 Science
(stimulates fight or flight Norepinephrine Flight
response)
ndary
Ovaries (female gonads) Estrogen Stimulates egg maturation, controlssex
2
characteristics
Progesterone Prepares uterus to receive fertilized egg
ndary
Testes (male gonads) Testosterone Regulates sperm production and sex
2
characteristics
Kidneys Erythropoietin Response to cellular hypoxia
Renin Promotes production of Angiotensin
Liver Angiotensin II Vasoconstriction, Increase BP
Pancreas Glucagon (Alpha Cells) Increase blood glucose
Insulin (Beta Cells) Decrease blood glucose
Stomach Gastrin Response to food; stimulates production of
gastric juices
Intestine Secretin Response to acidity in small intestine;
stimulates secretion by liver and pancreas
Cholecystokinin Production of Bile Salts
Heart Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Increase renal Na excretion, decrease ECF
Gastrointestinal System
Enzyme Production site Release site
Carbs Salivary Amylase Salivary Glands Mouth
ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY
LATEST STUDY
GUIDE 2021 2022
,TEAS 6 Science
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Endocrine System
Gland/Organ Hormone Secreted Function
Hypothalamus Releasing/Inhibiting hormones Stimulate Pituitary
Anterior Pituitary (base ofAdrenocorticotropic Hormone Stimulate adrenal cortex to secrete
brain; controls growth and(ACTH) glucocorticoids
development
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Stimulate the Thyroid gland
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)Stimulates production of ova (females) and
sperm (males)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Stimulates Ovaries (females) and Testes
(males)
Prolactin Stimulates milk production
Growth Hormone (GH) Stimulates growth (bones) and metabolic
functions
Posterior Pituitary (back ofAntidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Promotes retention of water by the kidneys
anterior pituitary)
Oxytocin Stimulates contraction of uterus and
mammary gland cells
Pineal Gland (center of Melatonin Sleep cycles; biorhythms
brain)
Thyroid (neck; hormones Triiodothyronine (T3) Metabolism
regulate growth,
development, and Thyroxine (T4) Metabolism and temperature
metabolism) Calcitonin Inhibits release of Calcium from bones
Parathyroid (4 glands on Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Stimulates release of calcium from bones,
Thyroid) back into blood.
Thymus (lymphoid organ Thymosin Stimulates T-Cell Development
that produces T-Cells)
Adrenal Glands (Above See below See below
Kidneys; regulate HR, BP,
and other functions)
Adrenal Cortex (stimulatesCortisol/Glucocorticoids Stress response; Increase blood glucose,
fight or flight response) Decrease immune response; metabolism
Aldosterone Regulates Na content in blood
Adrenal Medulla Epinephrine Fight
, TEAS 6 Science
(stimulates fight or flight Norepinephrine Flight
response)
ndary
Ovaries (female gonads) Estrogen Stimulates egg maturation, controlssex
2
characteristics
Progesterone Prepares uterus to receive fertilized egg
ndary
Testes (male gonads) Testosterone Regulates sperm production and sex
2
characteristics
Kidneys Erythropoietin Response to cellular hypoxia
Renin Promotes production of Angiotensin
Liver Angiotensin II Vasoconstriction, Increase BP
Pancreas Glucagon (Alpha Cells) Increase blood glucose
Insulin (Beta Cells) Decrease blood glucose
Stomach Gastrin Response to food; stimulates production of
gastric juices
Intestine Secretin Response to acidity in small intestine;
stimulates secretion by liver and pancreas
Cholecystokinin Production of Bile Salts
Heart Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Increase renal Na excretion, decrease ECF
Gastrointestinal System
Enzyme Production site Release site
Carbs Salivary Amylase Salivary Glands Mouth
