AGNP BOARD RESPIRATORY PRESCRIBING EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A
Question:
Treatment of Bordetella pertussis in a patient with a hypersensitivity to macrolides is:
doxycycline.
clindamycin (Cleocin).
metronidazole
(Flagyl).
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim). Correct
Explanation:
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim) is an alternative choice for patients in whom
a macrolide is contraindicated.
Question:
The mainstay of treatment in the management of mild and moderate croup is
symptomatic relief that includes:
antibiotics.
beta-2 agonists.
corticosteroids.
Correct
decongestants.
Explanation:
The mainstay of treatment in the management of mild and moderate croup is
symptomatic relief, which includes corticosteroids (inhaled or oral). Antibiotics, beta-2
agonists and decongestants have not been studied, and their use is discouraged.
Question:
In adults with community-acquired pneumonia in which B-lactamase
producing Haemophilus influenzae is identified as the causative organism, the
outpatient treatment of choice is:
amoxicillin (Amoxil).
, AGNP BOARD RESPIRATORY PRESCRIBING EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A
azithromycin (Zithromax).
Cefixime (Suprax).
Correct oseltamivir
(Tamiflu).
Explanation:
The treatment of choice in adults with B-lactamase producing Haemophilus influenzae
community acquired pneumonia is cefixime (Suprax). Amoxicillin is recommended in
the presence of non-B-lactamase producing Haemophilus influenzae. Alternate
antibiotics include fluoroquinolones (ie. moxifloxacin [Avelox]), doxycycline,
azithromycin and clarithromycin.
Question:
A patient with sinusitis is treated with amoxicillin. Caution is advised with
concomitant use of:
lisinopril (Zestril).
fexofenadine (Allegra).
, AGNP BOARD RESPIRATORY PRESCRIBING EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A
warfarin (Coumadin). Correct
furosemide (Lasix).
Explanation:
Amoxicillin should be used with caution with warfarin (Coumadin). The combination
will increase the INR and thus increase the risk of bleeding, possibly due to altered
vitamin K production by gut flora. Amoxicillin can be co- administered with lisinopril
(Zestril), fexofenadine (Allegra), and furosemide (Lasix).
Question:
A patient with bacterial sinusitis taking an oral penicillin should be instructed:
to monitor capillary blood glucose readings if they have diabetes.
that additional protection against pregnancy is necessary if they are taking an oral
contraceptive. Correct
to use an anti-diarrheal if they experience diarrhea.
to avoid penicillin if they are pregnant or trying to become pregnant.
Explanation:
Penicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic. The drug interactions of most concern with the
beta-lactam antibiotics are those with oral contraceptive products, methotrexate and
valproic acid. In the case oral contraceptives, even though a small percentage of
women may potentially experience decreased effectiveness of these birth control
products while taking beta-lactam antibiotic, alternative birth control methods should be
considered while taking these antibiotics. Anti-diarrheal medicine should not be taken
because it may worsen or prolong diarrhea. Most penicillins are safe to use during
pregnancy. Penicillins may cause false readings with some urine glucose tests.
Question:
An example of a beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma is:
dobutamine.
denopamine.
xamoterol.
albuterol. Correct
, AGNP BOARD RESPIRATORY PRESCRIBING EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A
Explanation:
ß2 (beta2) adrenergic receptor agonists, also known as adrenergic ß2 receptor
agonists, act on the ß2 adrenergic receptor. Like other ß adrenergic agonists, they cause
smooth muscle relaxation. ß2 adrenergic agonists' effects on smooth muscle cause
dilation of bronchial passages. They are primarily used to treat asthma and other
pulmonary disorders, such as COPD. Examples of a beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists
are albuterol, xamoterol, and terbutaline. The others are examples of beta1-adrenergic
receptor agonists.
Question:
Benzonatate (Tessalon Perles), a non-narcotic
antitussive,: does not cause sedation.
is centrally acting on cough receptors.
is safe in children 6 years and older.
should be swallowed whole. Correct
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A
Question:
Treatment of Bordetella pertussis in a patient with a hypersensitivity to macrolides is:
doxycycline.
clindamycin (Cleocin).
metronidazole
(Flagyl).
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim). Correct
Explanation:
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim) is an alternative choice for patients in whom
a macrolide is contraindicated.
Question:
The mainstay of treatment in the management of mild and moderate croup is
symptomatic relief that includes:
antibiotics.
beta-2 agonists.
corticosteroids.
Correct
decongestants.
Explanation:
The mainstay of treatment in the management of mild and moderate croup is
symptomatic relief, which includes corticosteroids (inhaled or oral). Antibiotics, beta-2
agonists and decongestants have not been studied, and their use is discouraged.
Question:
In adults with community-acquired pneumonia in which B-lactamase
producing Haemophilus influenzae is identified as the causative organism, the
outpatient treatment of choice is:
amoxicillin (Amoxil).
, AGNP BOARD RESPIRATORY PRESCRIBING EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A
azithromycin (Zithromax).
Cefixime (Suprax).
Correct oseltamivir
(Tamiflu).
Explanation:
The treatment of choice in adults with B-lactamase producing Haemophilus influenzae
community acquired pneumonia is cefixime (Suprax). Amoxicillin is recommended in
the presence of non-B-lactamase producing Haemophilus influenzae. Alternate
antibiotics include fluoroquinolones (ie. moxifloxacin [Avelox]), doxycycline,
azithromycin and clarithromycin.
Question:
A patient with sinusitis is treated with amoxicillin. Caution is advised with
concomitant use of:
lisinopril (Zestril).
fexofenadine (Allegra).
, AGNP BOARD RESPIRATORY PRESCRIBING EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A
warfarin (Coumadin). Correct
furosemide (Lasix).
Explanation:
Amoxicillin should be used with caution with warfarin (Coumadin). The combination
will increase the INR and thus increase the risk of bleeding, possibly due to altered
vitamin K production by gut flora. Amoxicillin can be co- administered with lisinopril
(Zestril), fexofenadine (Allegra), and furosemide (Lasix).
Question:
A patient with bacterial sinusitis taking an oral penicillin should be instructed:
to monitor capillary blood glucose readings if they have diabetes.
that additional protection against pregnancy is necessary if they are taking an oral
contraceptive. Correct
to use an anti-diarrheal if they experience diarrhea.
to avoid penicillin if they are pregnant or trying to become pregnant.
Explanation:
Penicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic. The drug interactions of most concern with the
beta-lactam antibiotics are those with oral contraceptive products, methotrexate and
valproic acid. In the case oral contraceptives, even though a small percentage of
women may potentially experience decreased effectiveness of these birth control
products while taking beta-lactam antibiotic, alternative birth control methods should be
considered while taking these antibiotics. Anti-diarrheal medicine should not be taken
because it may worsen or prolong diarrhea. Most penicillins are safe to use during
pregnancy. Penicillins may cause false readings with some urine glucose tests.
Question:
An example of a beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma is:
dobutamine.
denopamine.
xamoterol.
albuterol. Correct
, AGNP BOARD RESPIRATORY PRESCRIBING EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A
Explanation:
ß2 (beta2) adrenergic receptor agonists, also known as adrenergic ß2 receptor
agonists, act on the ß2 adrenergic receptor. Like other ß adrenergic agonists, they cause
smooth muscle relaxation. ß2 adrenergic agonists' effects on smooth muscle cause
dilation of bronchial passages. They are primarily used to treat asthma and other
pulmonary disorders, such as COPD. Examples of a beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists
are albuterol, xamoterol, and terbutaline. The others are examples of beta1-adrenergic
receptor agonists.
Question:
Benzonatate (Tessalon Perles), a non-narcotic
antitussive,: does not cause sedation.
is centrally acting on cough receptors.
is safe in children 6 years and older.
should be swallowed whole. Correct
