APEA ORTHO EXAM Q & A WITH EXPLANATIONS
Question:
A tool for assessing risk factors for osteoporotic fractures is the:
DEXA.FRAX. CorrectBRCA1.HAARM. Incorrect
Explanation:
The FRAX calculator generates fracture risk based on age, body mass index, parental fracture
history, use of glucocorticoids, presence of rheumatoid arthritis or secondary osteoporosis, and
tobacco and alcohol use. It has been validated for black, Hispanic, and Asian women in the USA
and has calculators that are country and continent specific. Duel energy x-ray absorptiometry,
DEXA, is the optimal standard for measuring bone density. BRAC1 is a gene that can mutate
and increase the risk of breast cancer. HAARM is the melanoma risk model.
Question:
Anserine bursitis arises from:
excessive running. Correctexcessive kneeling. Incorrectarthritis.trauma
Explanation:
Anserine bursitis arises from excessive running, valgus knee deformity, fibromyalgias, and
osteoarthritis. Prepatellar bursitis (“housemaid’s knee”) arises from excessive kneeling. A
popliteal or “baker’s” cyst arises from distention of the gastrocnemius semimembranous bursa
, APEA ORTHO EXAM Q & A WITH EXPLANATIONS
from underlying arthritis or trauma.
Question:
When examining the knee, which of the following symptoms could be indicative of a positive
Adduction (Varus) Stress Test?
Pain in the lateral joint line CorrectPain in the medial joint line IncorrectPain in the anterior joint
lineA click along the medial joint line.
Explanation:
, APEA ORTHO EXAM Q & A WITH EXPLANATIONS
The Adduction (or Varus) Stress Test is a maneuver that evaluates the function of the lateral
collateral ligament. To perform this test, the knee is held in 30 degrees of flexion. With one hand
on the medial side of the knee and one hand on the ankle, an adduction force is gently applied. If
pain is noted in the lateral joint line, this could be indicative of a lateral collateral ligament tear.
When tenderness extends more to the proximal or distal joint line, the collateral ligament may be
the cause of pain instead of the meniscus.
Question:
When assessing the knee, the examiner instructs the patient to straighten his knee. This motion
would assess knee:
flexion.extension. Correctinternal rotation.external rotation.
Explanation:
Having the patient straighten his leg assesses extension of the knee. The examiner instructs the
patient to bend his knee. This maneuver assesses knee flexion. Internal rotation of the knee
could be elicited by having the patient swing his lower leg toward the midline while sitting.
Instructing the patient to swing his leg away from his midline while sitting assesses external
rotation of the knee.
Question:
When performing an examination of a tender left finger on an adult, the surrounding tissue reveals
warmth, edema, and redness. This finding could be suggestive of:
carcinoma.muscular atrophy. synovitis. Incorrectgouty arthritis. Correct
, APEA ORTHO EXAM Q & A WITH EXPLANATIONS
Explanation:
Redness, warmth, and edema over a tender joint suggest septic or gouty arthritis infection, or
possibly rheumatoid arthritis.
Question:
An example of a fibrous joint would be the:
vertebral bodies of the spine.skull. Correctshoulder. Incorrectpubic symphysis of the pelvis.
Question:
A tool for assessing risk factors for osteoporotic fractures is the:
DEXA.FRAX. CorrectBRCA1.HAARM. Incorrect
Explanation:
The FRAX calculator generates fracture risk based on age, body mass index, parental fracture
history, use of glucocorticoids, presence of rheumatoid arthritis or secondary osteoporosis, and
tobacco and alcohol use. It has been validated for black, Hispanic, and Asian women in the USA
and has calculators that are country and continent specific. Duel energy x-ray absorptiometry,
DEXA, is the optimal standard for measuring bone density. BRAC1 is a gene that can mutate
and increase the risk of breast cancer. HAARM is the melanoma risk model.
Question:
Anserine bursitis arises from:
excessive running. Correctexcessive kneeling. Incorrectarthritis.trauma
Explanation:
Anserine bursitis arises from excessive running, valgus knee deformity, fibromyalgias, and
osteoarthritis. Prepatellar bursitis (“housemaid’s knee”) arises from excessive kneeling. A
popliteal or “baker’s” cyst arises from distention of the gastrocnemius semimembranous bursa
, APEA ORTHO EXAM Q & A WITH EXPLANATIONS
from underlying arthritis or trauma.
Question:
When examining the knee, which of the following symptoms could be indicative of a positive
Adduction (Varus) Stress Test?
Pain in the lateral joint line CorrectPain in the medial joint line IncorrectPain in the anterior joint
lineA click along the medial joint line.
Explanation:
, APEA ORTHO EXAM Q & A WITH EXPLANATIONS
The Adduction (or Varus) Stress Test is a maneuver that evaluates the function of the lateral
collateral ligament. To perform this test, the knee is held in 30 degrees of flexion. With one hand
on the medial side of the knee and one hand on the ankle, an adduction force is gently applied. If
pain is noted in the lateral joint line, this could be indicative of a lateral collateral ligament tear.
When tenderness extends more to the proximal or distal joint line, the collateral ligament may be
the cause of pain instead of the meniscus.
Question:
When assessing the knee, the examiner instructs the patient to straighten his knee. This motion
would assess knee:
flexion.extension. Correctinternal rotation.external rotation.
Explanation:
Having the patient straighten his leg assesses extension of the knee. The examiner instructs the
patient to bend his knee. This maneuver assesses knee flexion. Internal rotation of the knee
could be elicited by having the patient swing his lower leg toward the midline while sitting.
Instructing the patient to swing his leg away from his midline while sitting assesses external
rotation of the knee.
Question:
When performing an examination of a tender left finger on an adult, the surrounding tissue reveals
warmth, edema, and redness. This finding could be suggestive of:
carcinoma.muscular atrophy. synovitis. Incorrectgouty arthritis. Correct
, APEA ORTHO EXAM Q & A WITH EXPLANATIONS
Explanation:
Redness, warmth, and edema over a tender joint suggest septic or gouty arthritis infection, or
possibly rheumatoid arthritis.
Question:
An example of a fibrous joint would be the:
vertebral bodies of the spine.skull. Correctshoulder. Incorrectpubic symphysis of the pelvis.
