HESI PEDIATRICS V1, V2 & V3
TOTAL OF 134
QUESTIONS/ANSWER(S) 2020
RN
1. The nurse is planning care for a 5 - month-old with gastroesophageal reflux disease whose
weight has decreased by 3 ounces since the last clinic visit one month ago. To increase caloric
intake and decrease vomiting, what instruction should the nurse provide this mother?
•Dilute the child's formula with equal parts of water
•Offer 10% dextrose in water between most feeding
•Give small amounts of baby food with each feeding
• Thicken formula with cereal for each feeding
2. A 4-years-old boy was recently diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Which
characteristic of the disease is most important for the nurse to focus on during the initial
teaching?
•Muscular strength can be regained with physical exercise and therapy
•Growth and development have been abnormal since birth
•Respiratory dysfunction and aspiration are prime concerns at this stage of the disease
• Lower legs become progressively weaker, causing a wedding, unsteady gait
3. In caring for an client with acute epiglottitis, which nursing action takes priority?
•Obtain a STAT CBC
• Prepare for endotracheal intubation
•Auscultate breath sounds
•Apply ice packs to the neck
4. Which client requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
•A toddler with chickenpox who is scratching
•An adolescent with a migraine and photophobia
•A child with cystic fibrosis who is constipated
•A Child with acute renal failure and hyperkalemia
,5. A toddler with hemophilia is being discharged from the hospital. Which teaching should the
nurse include in the discharge instructions to the mother?
• Apply padding on the sharp corners of the furniture
• Prevent the child from running inside the house
• Give an 81 mg tablet of aspirin for pain relief
• Use a soft toothbrush for frequent cleaning
6. The nurse is using the Stage Questionnaire (b) to assess a 24 - month-old child. What is the best
intervention for the nurse to initiate after the assessment is completed?
• Assess for changes in the vital signs
• Review the child's birth history
• Provide the parents with a list of stimulating activities
• Meet with a social worker to review the results
7. When caring for a child sickle cell disease, the nurse knows that the child will most likely exhibit
which sign when experiencing a sickle cell crisis?
• Decreased hemoglobin
• Pain
• Infection
• Dehydration
8. The nurse is administering an oral medication to a reluctant preschool-age boy. Which
intervention should the nurse implement?
• Advise the parents that they will need to give the medication
• Use straightforward approach with the child
• Mix the medication in with the child's favorite breakfast cereal
• Offer to bring the medicine back later in the day
9. The nurse is planning care for a newborn infant scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Which
occurrence poses the greatest risk for this child?
• Loss of pulse proximal to the entry side of the catheter
• Allergic response to the plastics in the catheter used for catheterization
• Acute hemorrhage from the entry site of the catheter after the procedure
• Fever associated with nausea and vomiting after the procedure
,10. The school nurse is presenting a seminar to parents about child safety that focuses on
prevention of spinal cord injuries. What information is most important for the nurse include in
the teaching plan?
• Trampoline activities of school-aged children should be supervised by adults
• Protective gear to prevent neck flexion should be worn during contact sports
• Seat belt and car seat laws for use in motor vehicles should be reinforced
• Monkey bars should be removed from school playgrounds to reduce falls
11. A mother brings her 2-year-old son to the clinic because he has been crying and pulling on his
earlobe for the past 12 hours. The child's oral temperature is 101.2 F (38 C). Which intervention
should the nurse implement?
• Provide parent education to prevent recurrence
• Clearance purulent exudate from the affected ear canal
• Apply a topical antibiotic to the preauricular area
• Ask the mother if the child has had a runny nose
12. A 4-month-old boy has an inguinal hernia that is visible when he cries, but it does not cause him
discomfort. His parents ask if the hernia should be repaired now. The nurse's response should
be based on what information?
• An inguinal hernia is treated as a surgical emergency
• Surgical repair is planned after successful toilet training
• An inguinal hernia is surgically repaired if persistent diarrhea occurs
• Surgical correction is indicated if the hernia is incarcerated
13. A 2-year-old child with heart failure (HF) is admitted for replacement of a graft for coarctation of
the aorta. Prior to administering the dose of digoxin (Lanoxin), the nurse obtains an apical heart
rate of 128 beast| minute. What action should the nurse implement?
• Determined the pulse déficit
• Calculate the safe dose range
• Administer the scheduled dose
• Review the serum digoxin level
14. The nurse is assisting the mother of child with phenylketonuria (PKU) to select foods that are in
keeping with the child's dietary restrictions. Which foods are contraindicated for this child?
• High fat foods
• Foods sweetened with aspartame
• Wheat products
• High calorie foods
, 15. During a routine physical exam, a male adolescent client tell the nurse, " Sometimes, my mother
gets angry because I want to be with my own friends". What is the best initial response by the
nurse?
• Offer to discuss his concerns together with his mother
• Ask about client's response to his mother's age
• Determine if his friends are engaged unsafe behaviors
• Offer reassurance that his mother's concern is normal
16. Which response demonstrates that the mother of a young girl with a urinary tract infection (UTI)
understands home care for the child?
• I will give the antibiotics until she does not complain of burning anymore
• I will bring her back to the doctor's office for another urine test
• I will make sure she wipes from back to front after she uses the bathroom
• I will refill the prescription for antibiotics if her symptoms are skill present after taking these
17. The nurse is caring for a one-year-old boy who has type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). His mother
asks how will she recognize hypoglycemia in her infant who cannot tell her how he feels. Which
information should the nurse provide?
• The baby's breath smell swells sweet when the sugar and blood ketone levels are high
• Hypoglycemia in infants causes changes in behavior and cold clammy skin
• Weight loss and a good appetite often occur when a baby's glucose levels change
• Excess urination and dry skin are common indicators of hypoglycemia
18. An 8 year-old child is admitted to the Emergency Department because of lower right quadrant
pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which assessment of the abdomen should the nurse conduct after
all other assessments are complete?
• Percussion
• Palpation
• Inspection
• Auscultation
19. A female of child - bearing age receives a rubella vaccination. She has two children at home,
ages 13 months and 3 years. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to provide to this
client?
• Tell the mother to isolate the children for 3 days
• Inquire if anyone in the family is allergic to eggs
• Encourage the client to immunize the children
• Assess family history for incidence of rubella
TOTAL OF 134
QUESTIONS/ANSWER(S) 2020
RN
1. The nurse is planning care for a 5 - month-old with gastroesophageal reflux disease whose
weight has decreased by 3 ounces since the last clinic visit one month ago. To increase caloric
intake and decrease vomiting, what instruction should the nurse provide this mother?
•Dilute the child's formula with equal parts of water
•Offer 10% dextrose in water between most feeding
•Give small amounts of baby food with each feeding
• Thicken formula with cereal for each feeding
2. A 4-years-old boy was recently diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Which
characteristic of the disease is most important for the nurse to focus on during the initial
teaching?
•Muscular strength can be regained with physical exercise and therapy
•Growth and development have been abnormal since birth
•Respiratory dysfunction and aspiration are prime concerns at this stage of the disease
• Lower legs become progressively weaker, causing a wedding, unsteady gait
3. In caring for an client with acute epiglottitis, which nursing action takes priority?
•Obtain a STAT CBC
• Prepare for endotracheal intubation
•Auscultate breath sounds
•Apply ice packs to the neck
4. Which client requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
•A toddler with chickenpox who is scratching
•An adolescent with a migraine and photophobia
•A child with cystic fibrosis who is constipated
•A Child with acute renal failure and hyperkalemia
,5. A toddler with hemophilia is being discharged from the hospital. Which teaching should the
nurse include in the discharge instructions to the mother?
• Apply padding on the sharp corners of the furniture
• Prevent the child from running inside the house
• Give an 81 mg tablet of aspirin for pain relief
• Use a soft toothbrush for frequent cleaning
6. The nurse is using the Stage Questionnaire (b) to assess a 24 - month-old child. What is the best
intervention for the nurse to initiate after the assessment is completed?
• Assess for changes in the vital signs
• Review the child's birth history
• Provide the parents with a list of stimulating activities
• Meet with a social worker to review the results
7. When caring for a child sickle cell disease, the nurse knows that the child will most likely exhibit
which sign when experiencing a sickle cell crisis?
• Decreased hemoglobin
• Pain
• Infection
• Dehydration
8. The nurse is administering an oral medication to a reluctant preschool-age boy. Which
intervention should the nurse implement?
• Advise the parents that they will need to give the medication
• Use straightforward approach with the child
• Mix the medication in with the child's favorite breakfast cereal
• Offer to bring the medicine back later in the day
9. The nurse is planning care for a newborn infant scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Which
occurrence poses the greatest risk for this child?
• Loss of pulse proximal to the entry side of the catheter
• Allergic response to the plastics in the catheter used for catheterization
• Acute hemorrhage from the entry site of the catheter after the procedure
• Fever associated with nausea and vomiting after the procedure
,10. The school nurse is presenting a seminar to parents about child safety that focuses on
prevention of spinal cord injuries. What information is most important for the nurse include in
the teaching plan?
• Trampoline activities of school-aged children should be supervised by adults
• Protective gear to prevent neck flexion should be worn during contact sports
• Seat belt and car seat laws for use in motor vehicles should be reinforced
• Monkey bars should be removed from school playgrounds to reduce falls
11. A mother brings her 2-year-old son to the clinic because he has been crying and pulling on his
earlobe for the past 12 hours. The child's oral temperature is 101.2 F (38 C). Which intervention
should the nurse implement?
• Provide parent education to prevent recurrence
• Clearance purulent exudate from the affected ear canal
• Apply a topical antibiotic to the preauricular area
• Ask the mother if the child has had a runny nose
12. A 4-month-old boy has an inguinal hernia that is visible when he cries, but it does not cause him
discomfort. His parents ask if the hernia should be repaired now. The nurse's response should
be based on what information?
• An inguinal hernia is treated as a surgical emergency
• Surgical repair is planned after successful toilet training
• An inguinal hernia is surgically repaired if persistent diarrhea occurs
• Surgical correction is indicated if the hernia is incarcerated
13. A 2-year-old child with heart failure (HF) is admitted for replacement of a graft for coarctation of
the aorta. Prior to administering the dose of digoxin (Lanoxin), the nurse obtains an apical heart
rate of 128 beast| minute. What action should the nurse implement?
• Determined the pulse déficit
• Calculate the safe dose range
• Administer the scheduled dose
• Review the serum digoxin level
14. The nurse is assisting the mother of child with phenylketonuria (PKU) to select foods that are in
keeping with the child's dietary restrictions. Which foods are contraindicated for this child?
• High fat foods
• Foods sweetened with aspartame
• Wheat products
• High calorie foods
, 15. During a routine physical exam, a male adolescent client tell the nurse, " Sometimes, my mother
gets angry because I want to be with my own friends". What is the best initial response by the
nurse?
• Offer to discuss his concerns together with his mother
• Ask about client's response to his mother's age
• Determine if his friends are engaged unsafe behaviors
• Offer reassurance that his mother's concern is normal
16. Which response demonstrates that the mother of a young girl with a urinary tract infection (UTI)
understands home care for the child?
• I will give the antibiotics until she does not complain of burning anymore
• I will bring her back to the doctor's office for another urine test
• I will make sure she wipes from back to front after she uses the bathroom
• I will refill the prescription for antibiotics if her symptoms are skill present after taking these
17. The nurse is caring for a one-year-old boy who has type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). His mother
asks how will she recognize hypoglycemia in her infant who cannot tell her how he feels. Which
information should the nurse provide?
• The baby's breath smell swells sweet when the sugar and blood ketone levels are high
• Hypoglycemia in infants causes changes in behavior and cold clammy skin
• Weight loss and a good appetite often occur when a baby's glucose levels change
• Excess urination and dry skin are common indicators of hypoglycemia
18. An 8 year-old child is admitted to the Emergency Department because of lower right quadrant
pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which assessment of the abdomen should the nurse conduct after
all other assessments are complete?
• Percussion
• Palpation
• Inspection
• Auscultation
19. A female of child - bearing age receives a rubella vaccination. She has two children at home,
ages 13 months and 3 years. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to provide to this
client?
• Tell the mother to isolate the children for 3 days
• Inquire if anyone in the family is allergic to eggs
• Encourage the client to immunize the children
• Assess family history for incidence of rubella
