NASM Personal Trainer 2021
5 Phases of OPT Model Correct Answer: -Stabilization Endurance
-Strength Endurance
- Muscular Development
-Maximal Strength
-Power
Homeostasis Correct Answer: Human body ability to respond to stress and make changes to maintain
optimal health and physiological functioning.
Acute Disease Correct Answer: medical condition that occurs suddenly and can be treated an healed in
a short period of time e.g. bronchitis. Left untreated bronchitis could become a chronic illness.
Chronic Disease Correct Answer: a medical condition that persists long term e.g. emphysema.
Ischemic Heart Disease Correct Answer: Narrowing of coronary arteries which supply blood and oxygen
to the heart.
Atherosclerosis Correct Answer: Plaque is formed in the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the
heart or brain.
Hypertension Correct Answer: Blood pressure greater than 120/80 (systolic/diastolic.
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) Correct Answer: Pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the
heart is beating or contracting. Top number recorded.
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) Correct Answer: pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the
heart is at rest or between boots. Th bottom number recorded.
Elevated Systolic between 120-129/80
Stage 1 Hypertension 130-139/80-89
Stage 2 Hypertension - 140+/90
Hypertension Crisis - Great than 180/120 Correct Answer:
Cholesterol (Dyslipidemia) Correct Answer: Waxy substance found in blood made up of protein and
fatty acids known as lipoprotein.
2 types of Cholesterol Correct Answer: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - bad cholesterol-plaque clogs
arteries
High density lipoprotein (HDL) - good cholesterol-doesn't clog arteries
Diabetes Correct Answer: Disease that impacts the body's ability to properly metabolize carbohydrates,
specifically glucose.
Two types of Diabetes Correct Answer: Type 1 - genetic can't be prevented. Exercise helps.
Type 2-body produces insulin, but not used properly by the cells.
,Insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes) Correct Answer: The inability of the cells to respond to insulin.
Cancer Correct Answer: Abnormal cell growth in the body.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Correct Answer: Respiratory dysfunctions that include
breathlessness, airflow limitation, and decline of lung function.
Patellar tendonitis Correct Answer: Inflammation of the tendon that connects the patella (knee cap) to
the tibia (shin bone).
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear Correct Answer: Stretch, partial or complete tear of the ligament
of the knee.
Medial cruciate ligament (MCL) tear Correct Answer: Stretch, partial or complete tear of the medial
collateral ligament of the knee.
Shoulder impingement Correct Answer: Shoulder pain caused by rotator cuff tissues rubbing against the
acromion bone of the shoulder.
SWOT analysis Correct Answer: As a CPT you need to identify your personal strengths, weakness and
opportunities for growth and potential threats to success.
Four P's of Marketing Correct Answer: product, price, promotion, place
Unique Selling Product (USP) Correct Answer: A set of specific skills or traits that are highlighted during
a sales presentation (marketing to an older population or stay at home moms, etc.)
Amotivation Correct Answer: Not being engaged in an activity or behavior (not wanting to exercise).
Extrinsic motivation Correct Answer: Doing an activity for some form of recognition (win an award).
Short term exercise as once reward is given person loses focus.
Intrinsic motivation Correct Answer: Pursuing activities that are of interest or meaningful to that person
(long term exercise).
Outcome goals Correct Answer: Focused on the end result (place in top 10 in a 10K race).
Process goals Correct Answer: Process of pursuing a goal (walking 1 hour a day @ 11am Monday-
Sunday).
4 types of social support Correct Answer: Instrumental (driving one to the gym, watching their kids so
they have time to workout);
Emotional (encouraging showing empathy);
Informational (providing education about fitness and health); and
Companionship (accompanying friend to the gym)
, 4 Components of Leadership Correct Answer: Leader's qualities (being optimistic, empathetic, and
knowledgeable.;
Leadership styles (encourages feedback and input from students);
Situational Factors (factors such as large or small class); and
Follower's qualities (age group, gender, and exercise level).
10 Benefits of group exercise Correct Answer: Accountability,
Comparison
Competition
Comradery
Consistency
Energy
Intensity
Mindless (know what to expect
Motivation; and
Sociability (warm and inviting)
Third space Correct Answer: A special communal space that is separate from work or home. A where
one can build relationships with others e.g. the gym.
SMART goals Correct Answer: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic & Timely.
Determinants of Behavior Correct Answer: Psychological, social or environmental factors that influence
behavior.
Autonomous Motivation Correct Answer: When client values the outcome and is motivated to exercise.
Affective Judgment Correct Answer: Expected pleasure or enjoyment.
Subjective Norms Correct Answer: Belief that an important person or group will approve and support a
behavior e.g. resistance training.
Stages of Change Model a/k/a Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change. Correct Answer:
Precontemplation- individual doesn't exercise and is not planning to within the next 6 months.
Contemplation-individual does not currently exercise, but plans to in the next 6 months.
Preparation-Planning to begin exercise soon and maybe be sporadically exercising already.
Action-Been exercising for at least 6 months.
Maintenance-has been exercising consistently for 6 months or more.
Decisional Balance Correct Answer: Weighing the pros and cons of changing a behavior.
Reflective Listening Correct Answer: Understanding the meaning of the speaker's words and relaying
back to the speaker of what that understood was correct.
Active Listening Correct Answer: Taking a genuine interest in what the speaker is saying and looking
them in the eye while speaking.
5 Phases of OPT Model Correct Answer: -Stabilization Endurance
-Strength Endurance
- Muscular Development
-Maximal Strength
-Power
Homeostasis Correct Answer: Human body ability to respond to stress and make changes to maintain
optimal health and physiological functioning.
Acute Disease Correct Answer: medical condition that occurs suddenly and can be treated an healed in
a short period of time e.g. bronchitis. Left untreated bronchitis could become a chronic illness.
Chronic Disease Correct Answer: a medical condition that persists long term e.g. emphysema.
Ischemic Heart Disease Correct Answer: Narrowing of coronary arteries which supply blood and oxygen
to the heart.
Atherosclerosis Correct Answer: Plaque is formed in the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the
heart or brain.
Hypertension Correct Answer: Blood pressure greater than 120/80 (systolic/diastolic.
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) Correct Answer: Pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the
heart is beating or contracting. Top number recorded.
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) Correct Answer: pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the
heart is at rest or between boots. Th bottom number recorded.
Elevated Systolic between 120-129/80
Stage 1 Hypertension 130-139/80-89
Stage 2 Hypertension - 140+/90
Hypertension Crisis - Great than 180/120 Correct Answer:
Cholesterol (Dyslipidemia) Correct Answer: Waxy substance found in blood made up of protein and
fatty acids known as lipoprotein.
2 types of Cholesterol Correct Answer: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - bad cholesterol-plaque clogs
arteries
High density lipoprotein (HDL) - good cholesterol-doesn't clog arteries
Diabetes Correct Answer: Disease that impacts the body's ability to properly metabolize carbohydrates,
specifically glucose.
Two types of Diabetes Correct Answer: Type 1 - genetic can't be prevented. Exercise helps.
Type 2-body produces insulin, but not used properly by the cells.
,Insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes) Correct Answer: The inability of the cells to respond to insulin.
Cancer Correct Answer: Abnormal cell growth in the body.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Correct Answer: Respiratory dysfunctions that include
breathlessness, airflow limitation, and decline of lung function.
Patellar tendonitis Correct Answer: Inflammation of the tendon that connects the patella (knee cap) to
the tibia (shin bone).
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear Correct Answer: Stretch, partial or complete tear of the ligament
of the knee.
Medial cruciate ligament (MCL) tear Correct Answer: Stretch, partial or complete tear of the medial
collateral ligament of the knee.
Shoulder impingement Correct Answer: Shoulder pain caused by rotator cuff tissues rubbing against the
acromion bone of the shoulder.
SWOT analysis Correct Answer: As a CPT you need to identify your personal strengths, weakness and
opportunities for growth and potential threats to success.
Four P's of Marketing Correct Answer: product, price, promotion, place
Unique Selling Product (USP) Correct Answer: A set of specific skills or traits that are highlighted during
a sales presentation (marketing to an older population or stay at home moms, etc.)
Amotivation Correct Answer: Not being engaged in an activity or behavior (not wanting to exercise).
Extrinsic motivation Correct Answer: Doing an activity for some form of recognition (win an award).
Short term exercise as once reward is given person loses focus.
Intrinsic motivation Correct Answer: Pursuing activities that are of interest or meaningful to that person
(long term exercise).
Outcome goals Correct Answer: Focused on the end result (place in top 10 in a 10K race).
Process goals Correct Answer: Process of pursuing a goal (walking 1 hour a day @ 11am Monday-
Sunday).
4 types of social support Correct Answer: Instrumental (driving one to the gym, watching their kids so
they have time to workout);
Emotional (encouraging showing empathy);
Informational (providing education about fitness and health); and
Companionship (accompanying friend to the gym)
, 4 Components of Leadership Correct Answer: Leader's qualities (being optimistic, empathetic, and
knowledgeable.;
Leadership styles (encourages feedback and input from students);
Situational Factors (factors such as large or small class); and
Follower's qualities (age group, gender, and exercise level).
10 Benefits of group exercise Correct Answer: Accountability,
Comparison
Competition
Comradery
Consistency
Energy
Intensity
Mindless (know what to expect
Motivation; and
Sociability (warm and inviting)
Third space Correct Answer: A special communal space that is separate from work or home. A where
one can build relationships with others e.g. the gym.
SMART goals Correct Answer: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic & Timely.
Determinants of Behavior Correct Answer: Psychological, social or environmental factors that influence
behavior.
Autonomous Motivation Correct Answer: When client values the outcome and is motivated to exercise.
Affective Judgment Correct Answer: Expected pleasure or enjoyment.
Subjective Norms Correct Answer: Belief that an important person or group will approve and support a
behavior e.g. resistance training.
Stages of Change Model a/k/a Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change. Correct Answer:
Precontemplation- individual doesn't exercise and is not planning to within the next 6 months.
Contemplation-individual does not currently exercise, but plans to in the next 6 months.
Preparation-Planning to begin exercise soon and maybe be sporadically exercising already.
Action-Been exercising for at least 6 months.
Maintenance-has been exercising consistently for 6 months or more.
Decisional Balance Correct Answer: Weighing the pros and cons of changing a behavior.
Reflective Listening Correct Answer: Understanding the meaning of the speaker's words and relaying
back to the speaker of what that understood was correct.
Active Listening Correct Answer: Taking a genuine interest in what the speaker is saying and looking
them in the eye while speaking.
