CHAPTER 16 – PEDIATRICS | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1)A 3-month-old infant is admitted. Upon admission, the nurse assesses her developmental status as appropriate for age. Which of the following is the child least likely to be able to do? Correct Ans:- Sit with slight support Mobile with a music box Correct Ans:- A 3-month-old infant is doing well after the repair of a cleft lip. The nurse wants to provide the client with appropriate stimulation. What is the best toy for the nurse to provide? Soft, washable toys Correct Ans:- Which toys would be best for a 5-month-old infant who has infantile eczema? A game of peek-a-boo Correct Ans:- Which diversion would be appropriate for the nurse to plan to use with an 8-month-old infant? String of large snap beads and a large plastic bowl Correct Ans:- Which activity would best occupy a 12-month- old child while the nurse is interviewing the parents? Talk with the parents to assess their knowledge and how they can help with the child's care. Correct Ans:- An 18-month-old child is admitted for a repeat cardiac catheterization. The parents are continuously present and do everything for the child—dress him, feed him, and even play for him. The nurse wants to prepare the child and the parents for the procedure. Which of the following should be included in the care plan? feed himself and drink from a cup Correct Ans:- In planning care for an 18-month-old child, the nurse would expect him to be able to do which of the following? As long as the child is safe, ignore him during the tantrum. Correct Ans:- The mother of a 2-year-old child asks the nurse how to cope with the child's frequent temper tantrums when he does not get what he wants immediately. What information should the nurse include when responding? Bring your child's favorite teddy bear and security blanket to the hospital. Correct Ans:- A 3-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit for diagnostic tests. His mother is discussing the child's hospitalization with the nurse. She Cry when the parents leave Correct Ans:- The parents of a 3-year-old child are leaving for the evening. Which behavior would the nurse expect the child to exhibit? Sandbox Correct Ans:- When planning outdoor play activities for a normal 4-year-old child, which activity is most appropriate? Encourage the child to play house with other children Correct Ans:- A 5-year-old child had major surgery several days ago and is allowed to be up. When planning diversional activity, which action by the nurse is most appropriate? the number and location of any loose teeth Correct Ans:- A 6-year-old child is admitted for a tonsillectomy. Considering the child's age, which of the following would be the most important to include in a preoperative physical assessment? Discuss with the child the reasons for her fears Correct Ans:- A 6-year-old child is in the terminal stage of leukemia. The child appears helpless and afraid. How can the nurse best help the child? Have the child practice procedures that will be performed postoperatively, such as coughing and deep breathing. Correct Ans:- The nurse is preparing a 6-year-old child for cardiac surgery. Which preoperative teaching technique is most appropriate? Making craft items from felt Correct Ans:- A 10-year-old girl is being treated for rheumatic fever. Which would be an appropriate activity while she is on bed rest? Pounding clay Correct Ans:- A 10-year-old boy who is immobilized in a cast following an accident has been squirting other children and the staff with a syringe filled with water. The nurse wants to provide other activities to help him express his aggression. Which activity would be most appropriate? Hero worship Correct Ans:- An 11-year-old boy is admitted to the pediatric unit in traction with a fractured femur sustained in a motorcycle accident. His uncle, who was driving the cycle when the accident occurred, received only minor injuries. The child tells ... Building with popsicle sticks Correct Ans:- The nurse is planning care for an 11-year-old child who has a fractured femur and is in traction. Which activity would be most appropriate? He is experiencing anxiety. Correct Ans:- A 2-year-old child is hospitalized for a fractured femur. During his first two days in the hospital, he lies quietly, sucks his thumb, and does not cry. Which is the best interpretation of his behavior? This behavior is a normal response to limit setting in a child of this age. Correct Ans:- A hospitalized 2.5-year-old child has a temper tantrum while her mother is bathing her. Her mother asks the nurse how she should handle this behavior. Which information should be included in the nurse's reply? Here is your blanket. It's time to go to sleep Correct Ans:- A 3-year-old child resists going to bed at night. Her mother asks the nurse what she should say to her. Which response should the nurse suggest to the mother as most appropriate? "Will it hurt me when I die?" Correct Ans:- An 8-year-old child is terminally ill. Considering the child's age, which statement would you most expect the child to make? "She does not follow objects with her eyes." Correct Ans:- A father has brought his 4-month-old daughter to the well-baby clinic. Which statement that he makes is the greatest cause for concern to the nurse? Riding a tricycle Correct Ans:- A 3-year-old child has all of the following abilities. Which did he acquire most recently? Hyperventilation and hyperpyrexia Correct Ans:- The mother of a 2-year-old child calls the doctor's office because her child swallowed "the rest of the bottle of adult aspirin" about a half hour ago. The nurse determines that there were about 15 tablets left in the bottle. What initial assessment findings are consistent with aspirin ingestion? Gastric lavage Correct Ans:- A toddler who has swallowed several adult aspirin is admitted to the emergency room. When admitted, the child is breathing but is difficult to arouse. What is the immediate priority of care? DTP, hepatitis B, HIB Correct Ans:- A 6-month-old child is being seen for a well-baby visit. The child has received all immunizations as recommended so far. What immunizations does the nurse expect to give at this visit? as long as there are fluid-filled vesicles. Correct Ans:- The mother of a 6-year-old child who has chickenpox asks the nurse when the child can go back to school. What information should be included in the nurse's response? The child is contagious: "Why does he eat paint off the window sills?" Correct Ans:- A 2-year-old child is in for an annual examination. Which comment by the mother alerts the nurse to a risk for lead poisoning? Severe atrial septal defect Correct Ans:- A 6-year-old boy has tetralogy of Fallot. He is being admitted for surgery. The nurse knows that which problem is not associated with tetralogy of Fallot? Observe and assist if needed Correct Ans:- A 6-year-old child with tetralogy of Fallot is being admitted for surgery. While the nurse is orienting the child to the unit, the child suddenly squats with the arms thrown over the knees and knees drawn up to the chest. What is the best immediate nursing action? How to cough and deep breathe. Correct Ans:- A 6-year-old child with tetralogy of Fallot is being admitted for surgery. What is most important to teach the child during the preoperative period? Below the level of the bed Correct Ans:- A 6-year-old with tetralogy of Fallot has open heart surgery. The septal defect was closed, and the pulmonic valve was replaced. When the child returns to the unit, he has oxygen, IVs, and closed chest drainage. How should the nurse position the chest drainage system? "This could be a sign of a health problem. Does your baby's skin color change while eating." Correct Ans:- A parent brings a 3-week-old infant to the clinic. The parent states that the baby does not eat very well. She takes 45 cc of formula in 45 minutes and gets "tired and sweaty" when eating. The nurse observes the baby sleeping in the parent's arms. Her color is pink, and the child is breathing without difficulty. What is the best response for the nurse to make?