ALL PCCN 300 PLUS EXAM COMING SOON QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
The nurse observes that the patient's jugular veins distend in the semi-upright position to more
than 5 cm above the sternal angle. This is an indication of:
- CORRECT ANSWER fluid volume overload.
what is normal Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP)?
- CORRECT ANSWER 5-12 mmHg
The resistance against which the left ventricle must pump to eject its volume is:
- CORRECT ANSWER systemic vascular resistance.
When the tricuspid valve is open, central venous pressure reflects the filling pressure in the:
- CORRECT ANSWER right ventricle.
Tachycardia is dangerous for the patient with ischemic heart disease because of:
- CORRECT ANSWER compromised cardiac output.
During initial examination of a critical care patient, the nurse observes wide and convex nails
and bulbous fingertips. This is evidence of:
- CORRECT ANSWER central cyanosis.
Priorities for palpation of the patient with cardiovascular disease include:
- CORRECT ANSWER estimating edema.
checking capillary refill
checking for DVT
arterial pulses
By blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, angiotensin-converting enzyme
inhibitors produce:
- CORRECT ANSWER b. vasodilation.
The nurse has read that the cardiologist recommends the use of class IV drugs to depress sinus
and atrioventricular node conduction and terminate supraventricular tachycardias in the
patient at this time. The nurse will anticipate orders for which medications?
- CORRECT ANSWER a. Verapamil, diltiazem, or amlodipine
The nurse has administered a drug that stimulates β1-adrenergic sites. Following
administration of the drug, the nurse will assess for:
- CORRECT ANSWER a. increased heart rate.
The nurse is observing the patient's electrocardiographic monitor after insertion of a temporary
pacemaker. Seeing a P-wave after the pacing artifact, the nurse knows that the:
- CORRECT ANSWER c. atrium is being paced.
The possibility of microshock when handling a temporary pacemaker can be minimized by:
,- CORRECT ANSWER b. insulating the ends of the wires. and wearing gloves when handling
the pacing wires
In the postoperative cardiovascular patient, the most frequent cause of a decreased cardiac
output is:
- CORRECT ANSWER a. reduced preload.
A patient is being monitored by continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) after placement of a
transvenous pacemaker. "Loss of capture" is seen on the ECG. Which nursing intervention may
correct this situation?
- CORRECT ANSWER a. Position the patient on the left side. or reposition the leads
In analyzing the ECG strip, the nurse notices a spike before each QRS complex. The patient's
heart rate is 70 beats/min. This phenomenon is reflective of
- CORRECT ANSWER b. pacing artifact; the pacemaker is sensing and capturing.
Calculate the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) for a patient with a mean arterial pressure
(MAP) = 95 mm Hg and an intracranial pressure (ICP) = 15 mm Hg.
- CORRECT ANSWER b. 80 mm Hg
What procedure secures an arteriovenous malformation when a pt's condition is too unstable
for surgery?
- CORRECT ANSWER embolization that can be done to secure the lesion without surgery.
When the condition is more stable, an operation might be considered if needed.
Knowing that a patient has hypoxemia and ischemia in his brain, the nurse anticipates which of
the following?
- CORRECT ANSWER a. Cerebrovascular dilation
The nurse's priority in eye care for the patient in a coma will be:
- CORRECT ANSWER c. keeping the eyes moist to prevent corneal ulceration.
The patient has markedly deep, rapid respirations with a fruity breath odor. Based on the
patient's history, the nurse will:
- CORRECT ANSWER perform a blood glucose measurement.
The patient with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion will
need to have the imbalance of which electrolyte corrected as soon as possible?
- CORRECT ANSWER Sodium
Which of the following conditions occurs when the renal tubules are unable to reabsorb excess
glucose?
- CORRECT ANSWER Glycosuria
The patient has a waist measurement of 52 inches. His triglyceride level is 175 mg/dL, his
high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level is 32 mg/dL, and his fasting plasma glucose
level is 224 mg/dL. His blood pressure readings are usually approximately 140/90 mm Hg.
The nurse recognizes the characteristics of:
,- CORRECT ANSWER metabolic syndrome.
To reverse the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, the nurse will first prepare to administer:
- CORRECT ANSWER fluids
The nurse is caring for a patient with central diabetes insipidus (DI). The nurse should
anticipate orders for the administration of:
- CORRECT ANSWER vasopressin
In the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), the physiological effect is:
- CORRECT ANSWER dilutional hyponatremia, reducing sodium concentration to critically
low levels.
Which assessment findings would indicate fluid volume excess?
- CORRECT ANSWER edema, auscultation of a third heart sound, crackles in lungs,
bounding pulses, AMS, olguria, HTN
The report of a renal patient's laboratory results shows that the blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
level is less than 25 mg/dL. To fully understand the patient's renal status, the nurse must
consider this value along with:
CORRECT ANSWER c. creatinine level.
To determine whether edema in a patient's hands is due to circulatory compromise or another
cause, the nurse might:
- CORRECT ANSWER elevate the patient's extremities for 1 hour and observe the degree of
edema still present.
Hypovolemia causes tachycardia and :
- CORRECT ANSWER hypotension.
To avoid the complications that can result from administering furosemide (Lasix) to stimulate
urinary output, the nurse will carefully monitor:
- CORRECT ANSWER levels of electrolytes, especially potassium.
Which dialysis method would be most appropriate for the hemodynamically stable patient in
the anuric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Intermittent hemodialysis
What are complications of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Air embolism, decreased inflow pressure, electrolyte imbalance
Which electrolytes pose the most potential hazard if not within normal limits for the person
with acute kidney failure?
- CORRECT ANSWER Potassium and calcium
peaked T-waves and a widening of the QRS interval in a pt with AKI are indicative of:
- CORRECT ANSWER d. hyperkalemia.
, A patient presents with the following: HR, 120 beats/min; BP, 80/44 mm Hg; urine output
averaging 20 mL/hr over the last 4 hours; afebrile; moist rales in the lungs bilaterally; BUN, 84
mg/dL; creatinine, 3.4 mg/dL. What is the probable cause of this patient's acute kidney injury
(AKI)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Left ventricular failure causing prerenal AKI
An elderly patient is in a motor vehicle accident and incurs a significant internal hemorrhage.
He is at greatest risk for which category of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Prerenal
A patient is admitted to the unit with the following laboratory values: urine specific gravity,
1.010; urine osmolality, 210 mOsm/kg; BUN/Cr ratio 10:1; urine sodium, 96 mEq/L. The
urine output has been 60 mL since admission 2 hours ago. These values are most consistent
with which of the following types of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Intrarenal
Percussing the patient's stomach produces a tympanic sound is a sign that:
- CORRECT ANSWER the patient's stomach is empty.
The nurse is unable to hear bowel sounds in any of the four quadrants of the patient's abdomen.
This may indicate the presence of:
- CORRECT ANSWER ban ileus.
Auscultation of the abdomen reveals a bruit over the left renal artery. This is an indication of:
- CORRECT ANSWER renal hypertension.
The nurse observes that striae on the patient's abdomen are pink and purple. This may be a
sign of:
- CORRECT ANSWER Cushing's syndrome.
During auscultation of the patient's abdomen, the nurse hears frequent high-pitched, tinkling
sounds. This is probably evidence of: - CORRECT ANSWER normal bowel sounds.
The nurse has been unable to hear any bowel sounds during examination of the patient's
abdomen. The minimum interval for listening before concluding that bowel sounds are absent
is ____ minute(s). - CORRECT ANSWER 5
During palpation of the patient's abdomen, rebound tenderness indicates: - CORRECT
ANSWER inflammation of the peritoneum, such as with appenticitis and Chrohn's dz
Elevated alkaline phosphatase level and increasing nausea and abdominal pain indicate: -
CORRECT ANSWER gallbladder disease.
The patient's serum transferrin level is higher than 300 mcg/dL. The nurse will review other
laboratory results to evaluate for the possible presence of: - CORRECT ANSWER iron
deficiency anemia.
ANSWERS
The nurse observes that the patient's jugular veins distend in the semi-upright position to more
than 5 cm above the sternal angle. This is an indication of:
- CORRECT ANSWER fluid volume overload.
what is normal Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP)?
- CORRECT ANSWER 5-12 mmHg
The resistance against which the left ventricle must pump to eject its volume is:
- CORRECT ANSWER systemic vascular resistance.
When the tricuspid valve is open, central venous pressure reflects the filling pressure in the:
- CORRECT ANSWER right ventricle.
Tachycardia is dangerous for the patient with ischemic heart disease because of:
- CORRECT ANSWER compromised cardiac output.
During initial examination of a critical care patient, the nurse observes wide and convex nails
and bulbous fingertips. This is evidence of:
- CORRECT ANSWER central cyanosis.
Priorities for palpation of the patient with cardiovascular disease include:
- CORRECT ANSWER estimating edema.
checking capillary refill
checking for DVT
arterial pulses
By blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, angiotensin-converting enzyme
inhibitors produce:
- CORRECT ANSWER b. vasodilation.
The nurse has read that the cardiologist recommends the use of class IV drugs to depress sinus
and atrioventricular node conduction and terminate supraventricular tachycardias in the
patient at this time. The nurse will anticipate orders for which medications?
- CORRECT ANSWER a. Verapamil, diltiazem, or amlodipine
The nurse has administered a drug that stimulates β1-adrenergic sites. Following
administration of the drug, the nurse will assess for:
- CORRECT ANSWER a. increased heart rate.
The nurse is observing the patient's electrocardiographic monitor after insertion of a temporary
pacemaker. Seeing a P-wave after the pacing artifact, the nurse knows that the:
- CORRECT ANSWER c. atrium is being paced.
The possibility of microshock when handling a temporary pacemaker can be minimized by:
,- CORRECT ANSWER b. insulating the ends of the wires. and wearing gloves when handling
the pacing wires
In the postoperative cardiovascular patient, the most frequent cause of a decreased cardiac
output is:
- CORRECT ANSWER a. reduced preload.
A patient is being monitored by continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) after placement of a
transvenous pacemaker. "Loss of capture" is seen on the ECG. Which nursing intervention may
correct this situation?
- CORRECT ANSWER a. Position the patient on the left side. or reposition the leads
In analyzing the ECG strip, the nurse notices a spike before each QRS complex. The patient's
heart rate is 70 beats/min. This phenomenon is reflective of
- CORRECT ANSWER b. pacing artifact; the pacemaker is sensing and capturing.
Calculate the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) for a patient with a mean arterial pressure
(MAP) = 95 mm Hg and an intracranial pressure (ICP) = 15 mm Hg.
- CORRECT ANSWER b. 80 mm Hg
What procedure secures an arteriovenous malformation when a pt's condition is too unstable
for surgery?
- CORRECT ANSWER embolization that can be done to secure the lesion without surgery.
When the condition is more stable, an operation might be considered if needed.
Knowing that a patient has hypoxemia and ischemia in his brain, the nurse anticipates which of
the following?
- CORRECT ANSWER a. Cerebrovascular dilation
The nurse's priority in eye care for the patient in a coma will be:
- CORRECT ANSWER c. keeping the eyes moist to prevent corneal ulceration.
The patient has markedly deep, rapid respirations with a fruity breath odor. Based on the
patient's history, the nurse will:
- CORRECT ANSWER perform a blood glucose measurement.
The patient with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion will
need to have the imbalance of which electrolyte corrected as soon as possible?
- CORRECT ANSWER Sodium
Which of the following conditions occurs when the renal tubules are unable to reabsorb excess
glucose?
- CORRECT ANSWER Glycosuria
The patient has a waist measurement of 52 inches. His triglyceride level is 175 mg/dL, his
high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level is 32 mg/dL, and his fasting plasma glucose
level is 224 mg/dL. His blood pressure readings are usually approximately 140/90 mm Hg.
The nurse recognizes the characteristics of:
,- CORRECT ANSWER metabolic syndrome.
To reverse the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, the nurse will first prepare to administer:
- CORRECT ANSWER fluids
The nurse is caring for a patient with central diabetes insipidus (DI). The nurse should
anticipate orders for the administration of:
- CORRECT ANSWER vasopressin
In the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), the physiological effect is:
- CORRECT ANSWER dilutional hyponatremia, reducing sodium concentration to critically
low levels.
Which assessment findings would indicate fluid volume excess?
- CORRECT ANSWER edema, auscultation of a third heart sound, crackles in lungs,
bounding pulses, AMS, olguria, HTN
The report of a renal patient's laboratory results shows that the blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
level is less than 25 mg/dL. To fully understand the patient's renal status, the nurse must
consider this value along with:
CORRECT ANSWER c. creatinine level.
To determine whether edema in a patient's hands is due to circulatory compromise or another
cause, the nurse might:
- CORRECT ANSWER elevate the patient's extremities for 1 hour and observe the degree of
edema still present.
Hypovolemia causes tachycardia and :
- CORRECT ANSWER hypotension.
To avoid the complications that can result from administering furosemide (Lasix) to stimulate
urinary output, the nurse will carefully monitor:
- CORRECT ANSWER levels of electrolytes, especially potassium.
Which dialysis method would be most appropriate for the hemodynamically stable patient in
the anuric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Intermittent hemodialysis
What are complications of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Air embolism, decreased inflow pressure, electrolyte imbalance
Which electrolytes pose the most potential hazard if not within normal limits for the person
with acute kidney failure?
- CORRECT ANSWER Potassium and calcium
peaked T-waves and a widening of the QRS interval in a pt with AKI are indicative of:
- CORRECT ANSWER d. hyperkalemia.
, A patient presents with the following: HR, 120 beats/min; BP, 80/44 mm Hg; urine output
averaging 20 mL/hr over the last 4 hours; afebrile; moist rales in the lungs bilaterally; BUN, 84
mg/dL; creatinine, 3.4 mg/dL. What is the probable cause of this patient's acute kidney injury
(AKI)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Left ventricular failure causing prerenal AKI
An elderly patient is in a motor vehicle accident and incurs a significant internal hemorrhage.
He is at greatest risk for which category of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Prerenal
A patient is admitted to the unit with the following laboratory values: urine specific gravity,
1.010; urine osmolality, 210 mOsm/kg; BUN/Cr ratio 10:1; urine sodium, 96 mEq/L. The
urine output has been 60 mL since admission 2 hours ago. These values are most consistent
with which of the following types of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
- CORRECT ANSWER Intrarenal
Percussing the patient's stomach produces a tympanic sound is a sign that:
- CORRECT ANSWER the patient's stomach is empty.
The nurse is unable to hear bowel sounds in any of the four quadrants of the patient's abdomen.
This may indicate the presence of:
- CORRECT ANSWER ban ileus.
Auscultation of the abdomen reveals a bruit over the left renal artery. This is an indication of:
- CORRECT ANSWER renal hypertension.
The nurse observes that striae on the patient's abdomen are pink and purple. This may be a
sign of:
- CORRECT ANSWER Cushing's syndrome.
During auscultation of the patient's abdomen, the nurse hears frequent high-pitched, tinkling
sounds. This is probably evidence of: - CORRECT ANSWER normal bowel sounds.
The nurse has been unable to hear any bowel sounds during examination of the patient's
abdomen. The minimum interval for listening before concluding that bowel sounds are absent
is ____ minute(s). - CORRECT ANSWER 5
During palpation of the patient's abdomen, rebound tenderness indicates: - CORRECT
ANSWER inflammation of the peritoneum, such as with appenticitis and Chrohn's dz
Elevated alkaline phosphatase level and increasing nausea and abdominal pain indicate: -
CORRECT ANSWER gallbladder disease.
The patient's serum transferrin level is higher than 300 mcg/dL. The nurse will review other
laboratory results to evaluate for the possible presence of: - CORRECT ANSWER iron
deficiency anemia.
