BIOD 171 Microbiology Test Overview
,A virus is classified as a microbe.
True. Although viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms, they
can, however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms
and viruses.
2. True or False: The smallest biological unit of life is the molecule.
False. The smallest biological unit of life is the cell.
3. What are the 4 main types of macromolecules found in cells?
Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides
1. How many different types of amino acids are available from which to make proteins?
20
2. Define an essential amino acid.
An essential amino acid cannot be produced by the human body and as such must be take in from
the environment through alternative sources (i.e) food.
What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles?
There are two major types of nucleic acids: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic
acid). Nucleic acids are chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell. DNA
contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable
characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the hereditary information
in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
Complete the following DNA strand and indicate how many bonds are formed for each
complementary
, pair:
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CC AGC 3’
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CCAGTAGC 3’
There are 2 bonds formed between A and T, and 3 bonds between G and C.
1. The plasma membrane (select all that are true):
A. Only restricts movement of materials into the cell
B. Is often a bilayer comprised of lipids
C. Cannot prevent essential nutrients from escaping
D. Contains hydrophobic tails pointing
inward B and D
2. Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms come together to form what primary
macromolecule? Give an example.
Polysaccharides. Glucose, sucrose and cellulose are all acceptable answers.
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a membrane-
enclosed region.
False. Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a
nucleus True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be subdivided into
Bacteria and Archaea. True
Describe the 4 basic bacterial morphologies.
,A virus is classified as a microbe.
True. Although viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms, they
can, however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms
and viruses.
2. True or False: The smallest biological unit of life is the molecule.
False. The smallest biological unit of life is the cell.
3. What are the 4 main types of macromolecules found in cells?
Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides
1. How many different types of amino acids are available from which to make proteins?
20
2. Define an essential amino acid.
An essential amino acid cannot be produced by the human body and as such must be take in from
the environment through alternative sources (i.e) food.
What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles?
There are two major types of nucleic acids: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic
acid). Nucleic acids are chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell. DNA
contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable
characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the hereditary information
in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
Complete the following DNA strand and indicate how many bonds are formed for each
complementary
, pair:
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CC AGC 3’
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CCAGTAGC 3’
There are 2 bonds formed between A and T, and 3 bonds between G and C.
1. The plasma membrane (select all that are true):
A. Only restricts movement of materials into the cell
B. Is often a bilayer comprised of lipids
C. Cannot prevent essential nutrients from escaping
D. Contains hydrophobic tails pointing
inward B and D
2. Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms come together to form what primary
macromolecule? Give an example.
Polysaccharides. Glucose, sucrose and cellulose are all acceptable answers.
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a membrane-
enclosed region.
False. Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a
nucleus True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be subdivided into
Bacteria and Archaea. True
Describe the 4 basic bacterial morphologies.
