Biology 1: Mcat Prep Course Questions And
Answers With Latest Solution Graded A
The solvent in which chemical reactions of living cells take place Correct Answers: water
Hydrogen bonding provides Correct Answers: strong cohesive forces between water molecules
Molecules that dissolve easily in water Correct Answers: hydrophilic
Leads to aggregation, moves molecules away from water Correct Answers: hydrophobic
Water molecules that surround a hydrophilic molecule are doing what Correct Answers: solvating
Macromolecules like protein break into 2 smaller particles through the addition of water Correct
Answers: hydrolysis reaction
Reverse hydrolysis Correct Answers: dehydration
2 molecules combine to form a larger molecule to form water Correct Answers: dehydration
ATP Hydrolysis Correct Answers: provides energy. Water is the nucleophile and attacks the
electrophilic phosphoanhydrase
Low solubility in water and high solubility in non polar organic solvents Correct Answers: lipids
Roles of lipids Correct Answers: energy storage, cellular organization and structure, precursor for
vitamins and hormones
Major groups of lipids Correct Answers: fatty acids, triacylglycerols, phospholipids, glycolipids,
steroids, terpenes, waxes
Building blocks for complex lipids Correct Answers: fatty acids
Fatty acids must have Correct Answers: even number of carbons
Saturated fatty acid Correct Answers: single bonds
Unsaturated fatty acid Correct Answers: 1 or more double bonds
Oxidation of fatty acids Correct Answers: liberates energy
Fatty acids can be used for Correct Answers: energy storage
Types of fatty acids Correct Answers: triacylglycerols, phospholipids, and glycolipids
Fats and oils Correct Answers: triacylglycerols
, Triacylglycerols contain Correct Answers: glycerol backbone and 3 fatty acids
Function of triacylglycerols Correct Answers: to store energy and thermal insulation
Fat cells Correct Answers: adipocytes
Lipids with a phosphate group Correct Answers: phospholipids
Phosphoglycerides contain Correct Answers: glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acids, 1 polar phosphate
group
Polar and nonpolar ends Correct Answers: amphipathic
What kind of lipids are amphipathic Correct Answers: phospholipids
Phospholipids form Correct Answers: bilayer
Structure of bilayer Correct Answers: polar heads face outward toward cytosol and nonpolar tails face
inward
Have 1 or more carbohydrates attached to glycerol than the phosphate group Correct Answers:
glycolipids
Found in membranes of myelinated cells in human nervous system Correct Answers: glycolipids
Sphingolipids Correct Answers: sphingosine backbone, 1 fatty acid chain, 1 phosphate group
Sphingosine is Correct Answers: an amino alcohol
4 ringed structure Correct Answers: steroids
Examples of steroids Correct Answers: vitamin D and cholesterol
Maintains membrane stability and fluidity Correct Answers: cholesterol
A precursor for steroid hormones Correct Answers: cholesterol
Part of pigments in the body Correct Answers: terpenes
Example of terpenes Correct Answers: vitamin a
Vitamin a is for Correct Answers: vision
Formed by an ester linkage between a long chain alcohol and a long chain fatty acid Correct
Answers: waxes
Waxes are formed by Correct Answers: ester linkage between a long chain alcohol and a long chain
fatty acid
Types of eicosanoids Correct Answers: prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes
Answers With Latest Solution Graded A
The solvent in which chemical reactions of living cells take place Correct Answers: water
Hydrogen bonding provides Correct Answers: strong cohesive forces between water molecules
Molecules that dissolve easily in water Correct Answers: hydrophilic
Leads to aggregation, moves molecules away from water Correct Answers: hydrophobic
Water molecules that surround a hydrophilic molecule are doing what Correct Answers: solvating
Macromolecules like protein break into 2 smaller particles through the addition of water Correct
Answers: hydrolysis reaction
Reverse hydrolysis Correct Answers: dehydration
2 molecules combine to form a larger molecule to form water Correct Answers: dehydration
ATP Hydrolysis Correct Answers: provides energy. Water is the nucleophile and attacks the
electrophilic phosphoanhydrase
Low solubility in water and high solubility in non polar organic solvents Correct Answers: lipids
Roles of lipids Correct Answers: energy storage, cellular organization and structure, precursor for
vitamins and hormones
Major groups of lipids Correct Answers: fatty acids, triacylglycerols, phospholipids, glycolipids,
steroids, terpenes, waxes
Building blocks for complex lipids Correct Answers: fatty acids
Fatty acids must have Correct Answers: even number of carbons
Saturated fatty acid Correct Answers: single bonds
Unsaturated fatty acid Correct Answers: 1 or more double bonds
Oxidation of fatty acids Correct Answers: liberates energy
Fatty acids can be used for Correct Answers: energy storage
Types of fatty acids Correct Answers: triacylglycerols, phospholipids, and glycolipids
Fats and oils Correct Answers: triacylglycerols
, Triacylglycerols contain Correct Answers: glycerol backbone and 3 fatty acids
Function of triacylglycerols Correct Answers: to store energy and thermal insulation
Fat cells Correct Answers: adipocytes
Lipids with a phosphate group Correct Answers: phospholipids
Phosphoglycerides contain Correct Answers: glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acids, 1 polar phosphate
group
Polar and nonpolar ends Correct Answers: amphipathic
What kind of lipids are amphipathic Correct Answers: phospholipids
Phospholipids form Correct Answers: bilayer
Structure of bilayer Correct Answers: polar heads face outward toward cytosol and nonpolar tails face
inward
Have 1 or more carbohydrates attached to glycerol than the phosphate group Correct Answers:
glycolipids
Found in membranes of myelinated cells in human nervous system Correct Answers: glycolipids
Sphingolipids Correct Answers: sphingosine backbone, 1 fatty acid chain, 1 phosphate group
Sphingosine is Correct Answers: an amino alcohol
4 ringed structure Correct Answers: steroids
Examples of steroids Correct Answers: vitamin D and cholesterol
Maintains membrane stability and fluidity Correct Answers: cholesterol
A precursor for steroid hormones Correct Answers: cholesterol
Part of pigments in the body Correct Answers: terpenes
Example of terpenes Correct Answers: vitamin a
Vitamin a is for Correct Answers: vision
Formed by an ester linkage between a long chain alcohol and a long chain fatty acid Correct
Answers: waxes
Waxes are formed by Correct Answers: ester linkage between a long chain alcohol and a long chain
fatty acid
Types of eicosanoids Correct Answers: prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes
