American Heart Association BLS Healthcare Providers Review
1. Adult Chain of Survival: 1.Immediate recognition & activation of EMS
2. Early CPR
3. Rapid defibrillation
4. Advanced life support
5. Post-cardiac care
2. Pediatric Chain of Survival: 1. Prevention of cause
2. Early CPR
3. Activation of EMS
4. Advanced life support
5. Post-cardiac care
3. 2010 AHA (American Heart Association) Guideline BLS (Basic Life Sup-
port) sequence is ....: 1. "C.A.B." C- chest compressions
A - open
airway B -
Breathing
2. High Quality CPR
4. Removed the step "Look, Listen and Feel" step from assessment and
replaced with -check victim for 2 things simultaneously -
responsiveness and breathing.
4. High Quality CPR: -Compression rate of at least 100 per minute
(100/min)
-Compression depth of 1/3 of anterior-posterior diameter of chest. 2" in
an adult and 1 1/2 " in an infant
-Complete chest recoil & minimizing interruptions & avoid excessive
ventilations.
5. AED: Automated External Defibrillator
6. VICTIMS of ALL AGES: Start with "C. A. B."!
Compressions, Open Airway and Breathing in
that order.
7. BLS consists of 3 main parts:: 1. Chest Compressions
1/
,2. Airway
3. Breathing & defibrillation
8. Overview of inital ADULT BLS steps:: Step 1: Check scene safety and
assess victim for normal or abnormsl breathing - Shout for help.
Step 2: Alone rescuer activate the EMS & get the AED if availabel
and return to victim.
Step 3: Check pulse (take at least 5 seconds and no more that 10
seconds) start compressions.
9. Assessment of scene safety:: 1. Check scene to make sure it is safe
for you and the victim.
2/
, 2.Tap victim's shoulder and shout "Are you okay?"
3. Check breathing.
10.Agonal grasp: -abnormal breathing
-may be present in the first minutes of suddent cardiac arrest
-gasps may sound like a snort, snore or groan.
11.Pulse check: -adults palpate carotid pulse
-should take no longer than 10 seconds
12.Carotid pulse: -locate the trachea using 2-3 fingers
-slide 2-3 fingers into groove between trachea and muscle at the side
of neck
-feel for at least 5 seconds no more than 10 seconds
13.Lone rescuer CPR ratio for all AGES:: 30 compressions to 2
ventilations
14.Chest compresion technique:: 1. Position yourself at victims side
2.Victim is lying faceup on firm surface
3. Place heel of one hand on the center of victim's chest on the
lower half of breastbone
4. Put heel of other hand on top of hand on chest and PUSH HARD &
FAST
5. Rate 100 compressions per minute
6.Push down 1/3, 2 inches or 5 CM(adult and child) or 1 1/2 inches or 4
CM (infant) depth of chest
7. Allow for chest recoil
8. Minimize interruptions
15.Why firm surface?: If a firm surface is under the victim, the force
you use will be more likely to compress chest & heart to create blood
flow rather than push victim into a soft surface.
16.Moving victim?: DO NOT MOVE the victim while CPR in progress
unless victim is in a dangerous enviornment.
17.Opening airway?: two methods are used:
Head tilt-chin lift and Jaw thrust
18.Head tilt-chin lift: -place one hand on victims forehead and push
with your palm the head back
-place the fingers of the other hand under the bony part of the lower
jaw and lift jaw to bring chin foreward.
19.Things to avoid with head tilt-chin lift:: -do not press deeply into soft
3/
1. Adult Chain of Survival: 1.Immediate recognition & activation of EMS
2. Early CPR
3. Rapid defibrillation
4. Advanced life support
5. Post-cardiac care
2. Pediatric Chain of Survival: 1. Prevention of cause
2. Early CPR
3. Activation of EMS
4. Advanced life support
5. Post-cardiac care
3. 2010 AHA (American Heart Association) Guideline BLS (Basic Life Sup-
port) sequence is ....: 1. "C.A.B." C- chest compressions
A - open
airway B -
Breathing
2. High Quality CPR
4. Removed the step "Look, Listen and Feel" step from assessment and
replaced with -check victim for 2 things simultaneously -
responsiveness and breathing.
4. High Quality CPR: -Compression rate of at least 100 per minute
(100/min)
-Compression depth of 1/3 of anterior-posterior diameter of chest. 2" in
an adult and 1 1/2 " in an infant
-Complete chest recoil & minimizing interruptions & avoid excessive
ventilations.
5. AED: Automated External Defibrillator
6. VICTIMS of ALL AGES: Start with "C. A. B."!
Compressions, Open Airway and Breathing in
that order.
7. BLS consists of 3 main parts:: 1. Chest Compressions
1/
,2. Airway
3. Breathing & defibrillation
8. Overview of inital ADULT BLS steps:: Step 1: Check scene safety and
assess victim for normal or abnormsl breathing - Shout for help.
Step 2: Alone rescuer activate the EMS & get the AED if availabel
and return to victim.
Step 3: Check pulse (take at least 5 seconds and no more that 10
seconds) start compressions.
9. Assessment of scene safety:: 1. Check scene to make sure it is safe
for you and the victim.
2/
, 2.Tap victim's shoulder and shout "Are you okay?"
3. Check breathing.
10.Agonal grasp: -abnormal breathing
-may be present in the first minutes of suddent cardiac arrest
-gasps may sound like a snort, snore or groan.
11.Pulse check: -adults palpate carotid pulse
-should take no longer than 10 seconds
12.Carotid pulse: -locate the trachea using 2-3 fingers
-slide 2-3 fingers into groove between trachea and muscle at the side
of neck
-feel for at least 5 seconds no more than 10 seconds
13.Lone rescuer CPR ratio for all AGES:: 30 compressions to 2
ventilations
14.Chest compresion technique:: 1. Position yourself at victims side
2.Victim is lying faceup on firm surface
3. Place heel of one hand on the center of victim's chest on the
lower half of breastbone
4. Put heel of other hand on top of hand on chest and PUSH HARD &
FAST
5. Rate 100 compressions per minute
6.Push down 1/3, 2 inches or 5 CM(adult and child) or 1 1/2 inches or 4
CM (infant) depth of chest
7. Allow for chest recoil
8. Minimize interruptions
15.Why firm surface?: If a firm surface is under the victim, the force
you use will be more likely to compress chest & heart to create blood
flow rather than push victim into a soft surface.
16.Moving victim?: DO NOT MOVE the victim while CPR in progress
unless victim is in a dangerous enviornment.
17.Opening airway?: two methods are used:
Head tilt-chin lift and Jaw thrust
18.Head tilt-chin lift: -place one hand on victims forehead and push
with your palm the head back
-place the fingers of the other hand under the bony part of the lower
jaw and lift jaw to bring chin foreward.
19.Things to avoid with head tilt-chin lift:: -do not press deeply into soft
3/
