PN1 Exam 2 Study Guide.

MODULE 3  Kidney Anatomy and physiology  2 kidneys function to maintain volume and composition of body fluids by filtering blood  Urine is the waste product excreted by the kidneys. Composed of nitrous wastes, inorganic salts and water.  Ureters  2 tubes (one from each kidney) that carry the urine from the kidneys to the bladder  Bladder  Smooth muscle sac that is a reservoir for urine  Composed of 3 layers of muscles known as detrusor muscle  Urine is under pressure – when volume increases the pressure in the bladder increases.  When bladder pressure increases enough to stimulate the stretch receptor – urge to void occurs  Urethra  Tube that carries urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body  Female urethra 1-1/2 to 2-1/2”  Male urethra 6-8”  Nephron Function  Functional unit of kidney  1 million per kidney  1200 mL blood pass through the kidney/min  Wastes cannot be excreted as solids; must be excreted in solution  Normal urine production = 1 ml / minute  Kidneys must produce 30 ml/hr minimum  Blood filtered through glomerulus  this filtrate moves into Bowman’s cap