Kin Lower Extremity Practical study guide with complete solutions.

Kin Lower Extremity Practical study guide with complete solutions.Hip Flexion Plane: Sagittal Axis: Frontal End: Soft Normal ROM: 0-120 Muscles: Iliopsoas, Sartorius, Tensor Fascia Latae, Rectus Femoris A: Greater Trochanter S: Parallel to Midline trunk M: Parallel to the Femur (stabilize the other leg) Hip Extension Plane: Sagittal Axis: Frontal End Feel: Firm Normal ROM 0-30 Muscles: Gluteus Maximus, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus, biceps femoris A: Greater Trochanter S: Midline of Trunk M: Parallel to the femur (Above and below butt) Hip Abduction Plane: Frontal Axis: Sagittal End Feel: Firm Normal ROM: 0-45 Muscles: Sartorius, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus, Tensor Fascia Latae A: ASIS S: Parallel (horizontal) with the other ASIS M: Parallel with femur (above and bellow butt) Hip Adduction Plane: Frontal Axis: Sagittal End Feel: Soft Normal ROM: 0-30 Muscles: Pectineus, Adductor Magnus, Gracilis, Adductor Longus, Adductor Brevis A: ASIS S: Parallel (horizontal) M: Parallel to femur Internal Rotation Plane: Transverse Axis: Longitudinal End Feel: Firm Normal ROM: 0-45 Muscles: Guteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus, Tensor Fascia Latae A: Patella S: Perpendicular to floor M: Parallel with the Tibia between two malleoli External Rotation Axis: Transverse Plane: Longitudinal End Feel: Firm Normal ROM: 0-45 Muscles: Piriformis, Quadratus Femoris, Obturator Internus, Obturator Externus, Gemellus Superior, Gemellus Inferior A: Patella S: Perpendicular to floor M: Parallel with the Tibia between the two malleoli Knee Flexion Axis: Sagittal Plane: Frontal End Feel: Soft Normal ROM: 0-135 Muscles: Biceps Femoris, semimembranosus, Semitendinosus, Popliteus A: Latera Epicondyle of the femur S: Parallel to Femur M: Parallel to Fibula Plantar Flexion Axis: Sagittal Plane: Frontal End Feel: Firm Normal ROM: 0-50 Muscles: Gastrocnemius, Soleus A: Lateral Malleolus of Fibula S: Parallel with the Fibula M: Parallel with the 5th Metatarsal Dorsiflexion Axis: Sagittal Plane: Frontal End Feel: Firm Normal ROM: 0-20 Muscles: Tibialis Anterior A: Lateral malleolus of fibula S: Parallel with the Fibula M: Parallel with the 5th metatarsal Inversion Axis: Frontal Plane: Sagittal End feel: Firm Normal ROM: 0-35 Muscles: Tibialis posterior, Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallucis Longus, Tibialis Anterior A: In the middle of lateral and medial malleolus S: In line with Tibia M: Follows 2nd Metatarsal Eversion Axis: Frontal Plane: Sagittal End Feel: Hard Normal ROM: 0-5 Muscles: Fibularis Longus, Fibularis Brevis, Extensor Digitorum Longus A: In the middle of both lateral and medial malleolus S: In line with Tibia M: Follows 2nd Metata