Healthcare Values and Ethics (C426)
Normative Ethics Correct Answer: Attempt to determine what moral standards should be followed so
that human behavior and conduct may be morally right.
Consequential Ethics Correct Answer: Theory of ethics emphasizes that the morally right action is
whatever action leads to the maximum balance of good over evil.
- What will be the effects of each course of action?
- Will they be positive or negative?
- Who will benefit?
- What will do the least harm?
Utilitarian Ethics Correct Answer: The concept that the moral worth of an action is determined solely by
its contribution to overall usefulness.
Deontological Ethics Correct Answer: an ethical approach that focuses on duty rather than on the
consequences, when determining the right conduct to be followed
Nonconsequential Ethics Correct Answer: An ethical theory that denies the consequences of an action
or rule are the only criteria for determining the morality of an action or rule.
The rightness or wrongness of an action is based on properties intrinsic to the action, not on its
consequences.
Ethical Relativism Correct Answer: Morality is relative to the norms of one's culture in which one lives.
Actions can be considered right or wrong depending on the accepted norms of the society in which they
are practiced
4 principles of ethics Correct Answer: 1. Beneficence
2. Nonmaleficence
3. Autonomy
4. Justice
Beneficence Correct Answer: Doing good or causing good to be done; kindly action.
Nonmaleficence Correct Answer: Duty to do no harm
Autonomy Correct Answer: The right of a person to make one's own decision.
Justice Correct Answer: obligation to be fair in the distribution of benefits and risks
Ethics Committee Composition Correct Answer: A multidisciplinary group of people consisting of
ethicists, educators, clinicians, legal advisers, and political leaders, clergy, QI managers, and corporate
leaders.
, Ethics Committee Function Correct Answer: Development of policy and procedure guidelines to resolve
ethical dilemmas; staff and community education; conflict resolution; case reviews, support, and
consultation; and political advocacy.
Common Law Correct Answer: judge made law
Statutory Law Correct Answer: Written law emanating from federal and state legislative bodies.
Administrative Law Correct Answer: The extensive body of public law issued by administrative agencies
to direct the enacted laws of the federal and state governments.
The branch of law that controls the administrative operations of governments.
Elements of Negligence Correct Answer: Duty+Breach+Cause+Damages= Negligence
Duty to Care Correct Answer: Duty is defined as a legal obligation of care, performance, or observance
imposed on one to safeguard the rights of others. This duty may arise from a special relationship such as
that between a physician and a patient.
Breach of Duty Correct Answer: Failure to use the degree of care required under the circumstances.
Negligence Correct Answer: Breach of the duty of care
Tort Law Correct Answer: A civil wrong, other than a breach of contract, committed against a person or
property (real or personal) for which a court provides a remedy in the form of an action for damages
Contract Elements- (OACCLP) Correct Answer: Offer, Acceptence, Consideration, Capacity, Legal Process
Privacy Act of 1974 Correct Answer: Enacted to safeguard individual privacy from the misuse of federal
records, to give individuals access to records concerning themselves that are maintained by federal
agencies, and to establish a Privacy Protection Safety Commission.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Correct Answer: Designed to protect the
privacy, confidentiality, and security of patient information.
How do privacy laws differ from state to state? Correct Answer: They differ in what records are
available to be accesses as well as amended.
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) Correct Answer: Designed to forbid
Medicare-participating hospitals from "dumping" patients out of emergency departments that are
seeking treatment for a medical condition.
Healthcare Quality Improvement Act (HCQIA) Correct Answer: Enacted in 1986 to provide those persons
giving information to professional review bodies and those assisting in review activities limited immunity
from damages that may arise as a result of adverse decisions that affect a physician's medical staff
privileges.
Normative Ethics Correct Answer: Attempt to determine what moral standards should be followed so
that human behavior and conduct may be morally right.
Consequential Ethics Correct Answer: Theory of ethics emphasizes that the morally right action is
whatever action leads to the maximum balance of good over evil.
- What will be the effects of each course of action?
- Will they be positive or negative?
- Who will benefit?
- What will do the least harm?
Utilitarian Ethics Correct Answer: The concept that the moral worth of an action is determined solely by
its contribution to overall usefulness.
Deontological Ethics Correct Answer: an ethical approach that focuses on duty rather than on the
consequences, when determining the right conduct to be followed
Nonconsequential Ethics Correct Answer: An ethical theory that denies the consequences of an action
or rule are the only criteria for determining the morality of an action or rule.
The rightness or wrongness of an action is based on properties intrinsic to the action, not on its
consequences.
Ethical Relativism Correct Answer: Morality is relative to the norms of one's culture in which one lives.
Actions can be considered right or wrong depending on the accepted norms of the society in which they
are practiced
4 principles of ethics Correct Answer: 1. Beneficence
2. Nonmaleficence
3. Autonomy
4. Justice
Beneficence Correct Answer: Doing good or causing good to be done; kindly action.
Nonmaleficence Correct Answer: Duty to do no harm
Autonomy Correct Answer: The right of a person to make one's own decision.
Justice Correct Answer: obligation to be fair in the distribution of benefits and risks
Ethics Committee Composition Correct Answer: A multidisciplinary group of people consisting of
ethicists, educators, clinicians, legal advisers, and political leaders, clergy, QI managers, and corporate
leaders.
, Ethics Committee Function Correct Answer: Development of policy and procedure guidelines to resolve
ethical dilemmas; staff and community education; conflict resolution; case reviews, support, and
consultation; and political advocacy.
Common Law Correct Answer: judge made law
Statutory Law Correct Answer: Written law emanating from federal and state legislative bodies.
Administrative Law Correct Answer: The extensive body of public law issued by administrative agencies
to direct the enacted laws of the federal and state governments.
The branch of law that controls the administrative operations of governments.
Elements of Negligence Correct Answer: Duty+Breach+Cause+Damages= Negligence
Duty to Care Correct Answer: Duty is defined as a legal obligation of care, performance, or observance
imposed on one to safeguard the rights of others. This duty may arise from a special relationship such as
that between a physician and a patient.
Breach of Duty Correct Answer: Failure to use the degree of care required under the circumstances.
Negligence Correct Answer: Breach of the duty of care
Tort Law Correct Answer: A civil wrong, other than a breach of contract, committed against a person or
property (real or personal) for which a court provides a remedy in the form of an action for damages
Contract Elements- (OACCLP) Correct Answer: Offer, Acceptence, Consideration, Capacity, Legal Process
Privacy Act of 1974 Correct Answer: Enacted to safeguard individual privacy from the misuse of federal
records, to give individuals access to records concerning themselves that are maintained by federal
agencies, and to establish a Privacy Protection Safety Commission.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Correct Answer: Designed to protect the
privacy, confidentiality, and security of patient information.
How do privacy laws differ from state to state? Correct Answer: They differ in what records are
available to be accesses as well as amended.
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) Correct Answer: Designed to forbid
Medicare-participating hospitals from "dumping" patients out of emergency departments that are
seeking treatment for a medical condition.
Healthcare Quality Improvement Act (HCQIA) Correct Answer: Enacted in 1986 to provide those persons
giving information to professional review bodies and those assisting in review activities limited immunity
from damages that may arise as a result of adverse decisions that affect a physician's medical staff
privileges.
