i
Notre Dame University
Level of Awareness
of Filipino Citizens towards COVID-19
Nur Jehad B. Monir
March 2021
, ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This study would not be possible without the assistance and guidance of the people who
stood behind their back throughout the duration of this research. The researcher would like to
express his gratitude and appreciation to the following:
Fr. Francis Efren C. Zabala, the school president, and Dr. Raymond G. Mamaril, college
of engineering and computer studies dean, for allowing them to conduct their study;
Ms. Princess Jenan Kasuyo, their NSTP II teacher, for giving them guidance all throughout
the conduct of the investigation and for his effort and never failing help;
The subject teachers of the researchers for their moral support and guidance;
The respondents of this study for their active participation in the evaluation of the
research’s products and;
The researcher’s parents who gave financial and moral support and extended their help for
the completion of this study.
ii
, iii
ABSTRACT
The maintenance of awareness and vigilance among communities is crucial in preventing the
outbreak of COVID-19 positive cases. Understanding the people's knowledge, attitudes, and
practices regarding COVID-19 is critical in preventing and controlling it (Henderson, 2020). The
study sought to ascertain the perception of the Filipinos on the COVID-19 pandemic. The
fieldwork aimed to determine the level of awareness of Filipino citizens towards COVID-19 in
terms of its transmission methods and effective preventive measures. The researcher pursued to
identify whether there is a significant difference in the level of awareness due to the variation of
people's age, sex, and ethnicity. Knowledge and perceptions of the people were assessed through
an online survey participated by 300 respondents. There were five questions for every category,
each worth two points. The Likert scale was utilized in measuring positive or negative responses
to every statement. The mean score of the respondents for every category was compared to the
standard fair score of 7.00. The scores were divided into different groups of age, sex, and ethnic
tribe to identify if there is a significant difference in the scores. The data gathered showed that the
Filipinos have a positive outlook on the COVID-19 pandemic (2.83). Results from the Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA) indicated that there is no significant difference between the standard quality
score and the mean score of the citizens in the preventive measures (5.90) and transmission
methods (6.78) of the virus. It means that the level of awareness of the Filipinos towards COVID-
19 is excellent. Also, the ANOVA results showed that there is no significant difference between
the mean scores of various groups of age, sex, and ethnicity. It indicates that the age, sex, and
ethnicity of the Filipino citizens do not affect their level of awareness.
Keywords: COVID-19, Understanding, Perception, Age, Sex, Ethnicity, Filipinos
iii
, iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………… i
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ………………………………………………… ii
ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………….. iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………….. iv
LIST OF TABLES ………………………………………………………… viii
LIST OF FIGURES ……………………………………………………...... x
CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION
1. Background of the Study …………………………………………... 1
2. Statement of the Problem ………………………………………….. 3
3. Hypothesis …………………………………………………………. 3
4. Significance of the Study ………………………………………….. 4
5. Scope and Limitation ……………………………………………… 5
6. Conceptual Framework ……………………………………………. 6
CHAPTER II – METHODOLOGY
1. Materials and Equipment …………………………………………... 7
2. Research Participants ………………………………………………. 7
3. Ethical Consideration ………………………………………………. 8
4. Statistical Treatment ………………………………………………... 8
CHAPTER III – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1. Perception of Filipino citizens towards COVID-19 ………………... 11
1.1.“My life has been productive during the pandemic.”
iv
, v
(Question #1.1) …………………………………………………. 11
1.2. “Despite the challenges that the pandemic brought, my family can
still sustain our basic needs.” (Question #1.2) ………………... 12
1.3. “Everything will be back to normal condition once the vaccine for
the virus is released.” (Question #1.3) ………………………….. 14
1.4. “During the pandemic, I was still happy with how my life was
spent.” (Question #1.4) …………………………………………. 15
1.5. “Life amidst the COVID-19 pandemic is not hard.”
(Question #1.5) ………………………………………………… 16
2. Level of Awareness of Filipino Citizens toward COVID-19 in terms of:
2.1. Transmission Methods ……………………………………......... 19
2.1.1. “According to researches by the World Health Organization,
what is the most common way of transmitting the virus?”
(Question #2.1.1) ………………………………………… 19
2.1.2. “Who is at higher risk of being infected with COVID-19?”
(Question #2.1.2) ………………………………………… 20
2.1.3. “According to the World Health Organization, infected
people appear to be most infectious in this stage.”
(Question #2.1.3) ………………………………………… 22
2.1.4. “COVID-19 can spread more easily in these settings.”
(Question #2.1.4) ………………………………………… 23
v
, vi
2.1.5. “Everyone should avoid going to the "Three Cs". "Three
Cs" pertains to Confined and Enclosed Spaces, Crowded
Places, and ______?” (Question #2.1.5) ………………… 24
2.2. Prevention Measures
2.2.1. “The Philippine Government’s Minimum Public Health
Standards Advocacy Campaign of wearing a face mask,
washing of hands, and maintaining a physical distance is
locally known as _______?”
(Question #2.2.1) …………………………………………. 27
2.2.2. “Department of Health's campaign promotes the active role
of individuals in the fight against COVID-19 by practicing
essential behaviors simplified into 4 letters: BIDA. What
does letter "B" stands for?”
(Question #2.2.2) …………………………........................ 29
2.2.3. “According to the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDCP), citizens in public places must have a
distance of ______ from each other.”
(Question #2.2.3) ………………………………………… 30
2.2.4. “Wearing of face shield is not necessary when you are
already wearing a face mask.”
(Question #2.2.4) ………………………………………… 31
vi
, vii
2.2.5. “When you take off a mask, store it in a clean plastic bag or
dispose it in a trash bin.”
(Question #2.2.5) …………………………………………. 32
3. Significant Difference on the Level of Knowledge in terms of:
3.1. Age ……………………………………………………………... 35
3.2. Sex ……………………………………………………………... 37
3.3. Ethnicity ………………………………………………………... 39
CHAPTER IV – CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Conclusions ………………………………………………………... 42
2. Recommendations …………………………………………………. 43
REFERENCES ……………………………………………………………... 44
APPENDIX A – Survey Questionnaire ……………………………………. 46
B – Responses to Survey Questionnaire ……………………... 48
CURRICULUM VITAE …………………………………………………… 50
TEXT DOCUMENT READABILTY ……………………………………... 51
vii
, viii
LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Title Page
1 Scale of Descriptive Equivalent of Scores for the Perception of the
Filipinos on COVID-19 Pandemic (Based on Mean Scores from
the Evaluation) 9
2 Scale of Descriptive Equivalent of Scores for the Level of
Knowledge of the Filipinos on COVID-19 Pandemic (Based on
Mean Scores from the Evaluation for Every Category) 9
3 Scale of Descriptive Equivalent of Scores for the Level of
Knowledge of the Filipinos on COVID-19 Pandemic (Based on
Mean Scores from the Evaluation for Total Score) 10
4 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.1 11
5 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.2 13
6 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.3 14
7 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.4 15
8 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.5 17
9 Numerical Presentation of Data for Questions on Perceptions of
Filipino Citizens on COVID-19 Pandemic 18
10 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.1 19
11 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.2 21
12 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.3 22
13 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.4 23
viii
, ix
LIST OF TABLES - Continued
Table No. Title Page
14 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.5 24
15 Numerical Presentation of Data for Questions on Transmission
Methods of COVID-19 25
16 Mean Score of Filipino Citizens vs. Standard Score (Transmission
Methods of COVID-19) (ANOVA) 26
17 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.1 27
18 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.2 29
19 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.3 30
20 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.4 31
21 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.5 33
22 Numerical Presentation of Data for Questions on Preventive
Measures Against COVID-19 34
23 Mean Score of Filipino Citizens vs. Standard Score (Preventive
Measures Against COVID-19) (ANOVA) 35
24 Numerical Presentation of Data for Every Age Group 36
25 Difference in Level of Knowledge of Every Age Group (ANOVA) 37
26 Numerical Presentation of Data for Every Sex Group 38
27 Difference in Level of Knowledge of Every Sex Group (ANOVA) 39
28 Numerical Presentation of Data for Every Ethnic Group 39
29 Difference in Level of Knowledge of Every Ethnic Group 41
(ANOVA)
ix
Notre Dame University
Level of Awareness
of Filipino Citizens towards COVID-19
Nur Jehad B. Monir
March 2021
, ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This study would not be possible without the assistance and guidance of the people who
stood behind their back throughout the duration of this research. The researcher would like to
express his gratitude and appreciation to the following:
Fr. Francis Efren C. Zabala, the school president, and Dr. Raymond G. Mamaril, college
of engineering and computer studies dean, for allowing them to conduct their study;
Ms. Princess Jenan Kasuyo, their NSTP II teacher, for giving them guidance all throughout
the conduct of the investigation and for his effort and never failing help;
The subject teachers of the researchers for their moral support and guidance;
The respondents of this study for their active participation in the evaluation of the
research’s products and;
The researcher’s parents who gave financial and moral support and extended their help for
the completion of this study.
ii
, iii
ABSTRACT
The maintenance of awareness and vigilance among communities is crucial in preventing the
outbreak of COVID-19 positive cases. Understanding the people's knowledge, attitudes, and
practices regarding COVID-19 is critical in preventing and controlling it (Henderson, 2020). The
study sought to ascertain the perception of the Filipinos on the COVID-19 pandemic. The
fieldwork aimed to determine the level of awareness of Filipino citizens towards COVID-19 in
terms of its transmission methods and effective preventive measures. The researcher pursued to
identify whether there is a significant difference in the level of awareness due to the variation of
people's age, sex, and ethnicity. Knowledge and perceptions of the people were assessed through
an online survey participated by 300 respondents. There were five questions for every category,
each worth two points. The Likert scale was utilized in measuring positive or negative responses
to every statement. The mean score of the respondents for every category was compared to the
standard fair score of 7.00. The scores were divided into different groups of age, sex, and ethnic
tribe to identify if there is a significant difference in the scores. The data gathered showed that the
Filipinos have a positive outlook on the COVID-19 pandemic (2.83). Results from the Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA) indicated that there is no significant difference between the standard quality
score and the mean score of the citizens in the preventive measures (5.90) and transmission
methods (6.78) of the virus. It means that the level of awareness of the Filipinos towards COVID-
19 is excellent. Also, the ANOVA results showed that there is no significant difference between
the mean scores of various groups of age, sex, and ethnicity. It indicates that the age, sex, and
ethnicity of the Filipino citizens do not affect their level of awareness.
Keywords: COVID-19, Understanding, Perception, Age, Sex, Ethnicity, Filipinos
iii
, iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………… i
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ………………………………………………… ii
ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………….. iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………….. iv
LIST OF TABLES ………………………………………………………… viii
LIST OF FIGURES ……………………………………………………...... x
CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION
1. Background of the Study …………………………………………... 1
2. Statement of the Problem ………………………………………….. 3
3. Hypothesis …………………………………………………………. 3
4. Significance of the Study ………………………………………….. 4
5. Scope and Limitation ……………………………………………… 5
6. Conceptual Framework ……………………………………………. 6
CHAPTER II – METHODOLOGY
1. Materials and Equipment …………………………………………... 7
2. Research Participants ………………………………………………. 7
3. Ethical Consideration ………………………………………………. 8
4. Statistical Treatment ………………………………………………... 8
CHAPTER III – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1. Perception of Filipino citizens towards COVID-19 ………………... 11
1.1.“My life has been productive during the pandemic.”
iv
, v
(Question #1.1) …………………………………………………. 11
1.2. “Despite the challenges that the pandemic brought, my family can
still sustain our basic needs.” (Question #1.2) ………………... 12
1.3. “Everything will be back to normal condition once the vaccine for
the virus is released.” (Question #1.3) ………………………….. 14
1.4. “During the pandemic, I was still happy with how my life was
spent.” (Question #1.4) …………………………………………. 15
1.5. “Life amidst the COVID-19 pandemic is not hard.”
(Question #1.5) ………………………………………………… 16
2. Level of Awareness of Filipino Citizens toward COVID-19 in terms of:
2.1. Transmission Methods ……………………………………......... 19
2.1.1. “According to researches by the World Health Organization,
what is the most common way of transmitting the virus?”
(Question #2.1.1) ………………………………………… 19
2.1.2. “Who is at higher risk of being infected with COVID-19?”
(Question #2.1.2) ………………………………………… 20
2.1.3. “According to the World Health Organization, infected
people appear to be most infectious in this stage.”
(Question #2.1.3) ………………………………………… 22
2.1.4. “COVID-19 can spread more easily in these settings.”
(Question #2.1.4) ………………………………………… 23
v
, vi
2.1.5. “Everyone should avoid going to the "Three Cs". "Three
Cs" pertains to Confined and Enclosed Spaces, Crowded
Places, and ______?” (Question #2.1.5) ………………… 24
2.2. Prevention Measures
2.2.1. “The Philippine Government’s Minimum Public Health
Standards Advocacy Campaign of wearing a face mask,
washing of hands, and maintaining a physical distance is
locally known as _______?”
(Question #2.2.1) …………………………………………. 27
2.2.2. “Department of Health's campaign promotes the active role
of individuals in the fight against COVID-19 by practicing
essential behaviors simplified into 4 letters: BIDA. What
does letter "B" stands for?”
(Question #2.2.2) …………………………........................ 29
2.2.3. “According to the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDCP), citizens in public places must have a
distance of ______ from each other.”
(Question #2.2.3) ………………………………………… 30
2.2.4. “Wearing of face shield is not necessary when you are
already wearing a face mask.”
(Question #2.2.4) ………………………………………… 31
vi
, vii
2.2.5. “When you take off a mask, store it in a clean plastic bag or
dispose it in a trash bin.”
(Question #2.2.5) …………………………………………. 32
3. Significant Difference on the Level of Knowledge in terms of:
3.1. Age ……………………………………………………………... 35
3.2. Sex ……………………………………………………………... 37
3.3. Ethnicity ………………………………………………………... 39
CHAPTER IV – CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Conclusions ………………………………………………………... 42
2. Recommendations …………………………………………………. 43
REFERENCES ……………………………………………………………... 44
APPENDIX A – Survey Questionnaire ……………………………………. 46
B – Responses to Survey Questionnaire ……………………... 48
CURRICULUM VITAE …………………………………………………… 50
TEXT DOCUMENT READABILTY ……………………………………... 51
vii
, viii
LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Title Page
1 Scale of Descriptive Equivalent of Scores for the Perception of the
Filipinos on COVID-19 Pandemic (Based on Mean Scores from
the Evaluation) 9
2 Scale of Descriptive Equivalent of Scores for the Level of
Knowledge of the Filipinos on COVID-19 Pandemic (Based on
Mean Scores from the Evaluation for Every Category) 9
3 Scale of Descriptive Equivalent of Scores for the Level of
Knowledge of the Filipinos on COVID-19 Pandemic (Based on
Mean Scores from the Evaluation for Total Score) 10
4 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.1 11
5 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.2 13
6 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.3 14
7 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.4 15
8 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #1.5 17
9 Numerical Presentation of Data for Questions on Perceptions of
Filipino Citizens on COVID-19 Pandemic 18
10 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.1 19
11 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.2 21
12 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.3 22
13 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.4 23
viii
, ix
LIST OF TABLES - Continued
Table No. Title Page
14 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.1.5 24
15 Numerical Presentation of Data for Questions on Transmission
Methods of COVID-19 25
16 Mean Score of Filipino Citizens vs. Standard Score (Transmission
Methods of COVID-19) (ANOVA) 26
17 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.1 27
18 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.2 29
19 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.3 30
20 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.4 31
21 Numerical Presentation of Data for Question #2.2.5 33
22 Numerical Presentation of Data for Questions on Preventive
Measures Against COVID-19 34
23 Mean Score of Filipino Citizens vs. Standard Score (Preventive
Measures Against COVID-19) (ANOVA) 35
24 Numerical Presentation of Data for Every Age Group 36
25 Difference in Level of Knowledge of Every Age Group (ANOVA) 37
26 Numerical Presentation of Data for Every Sex Group 38
27 Difference in Level of Knowledge of Every Sex Group (ANOVA) 39
28 Numerical Presentation of Data for Every Ethnic Group 39
29 Difference in Level of Knowledge of Every Ethnic Group 41
(ANOVA)
ix
