Mental Health Exam 2 NCLEX Style
2022/2023 Questions and Answers(100%
Verified)
A geriatric nurse is teaching student nurses about the risk factors for development of
delirium in older adults. Which student statement indicates that learning has occurred?
A. Taking multiple medications may lead to adverse interactions or toxicity.
B. Age-related cognitive changes may lead to alterations in mental status.
C. Lack of rigorous exercise may lead to decreased cerebral blood flow.
D. Decreased social interaction may lead to profound isolation and psychosis.Correct
answer - A. Taking multiple medications may lead to adverse interactions or toxicity.
The nurse should identify that taking multiple medications may lead to adverse
reactions or toxicity and put an older adult at risk for the development of delirium.
Symptoms of delirium include difficulty sustaining and shifting attention. The client with
delirium is disoriented to time and place and may also have impaired memory.
A client diagnosed with vascular dementia is discharged to home under the care of his
wife. Which information should cause the nurse to question the client's safety?
A. His wife works from home in telecommunication.
B. The client has worked the night shift his entire career.
C. His wife has minimal family support.
D. The client smokes one pack of cigarettes per day.Correct answer - D. The client
smokes one pack of cigarettes per day.
Forgetfulness is an early symptom of dementia that would alert the nurse to question
the clients safety at home if the client smokes cigarettes. Vascular dementia is a clinical
syndrome of dementia due to significant cerebrovascular disease. The cause of
vascular dementia is related to an interruption of blood flow to the brain. High blood
pressure and hypertension are significant factors in the etiology.
A client diagnosed with neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimers disease can no
longer ambulate, does not recognize family members, and communicates with agitated
behaviors and incoherent verbalizations. The nurse recognizes these symptoms as
indicative of which stage of the illness?
A. Confabulation stage
B. Early stage
C. Middle stage
D. Late stageCorrect answer - D. Late stage
The nurse should recognize that this client is in the late stage of Alzheimers disease.
The late stage is characterized by a severe cognitive decline.
,A client is in the late stage of Alzheimers disease. To address the clients symptoms,
which nursing intervention should take priority?
A. Improve cognitive status by encouraging involvement in social activities.
B. Decrease social isolation by providing group therapies.
C. Promote dignity by providing comfort, safety, and self-care measures.
D. Facilitate communication by providing assistive devices.Correct answer - C. Promote
dignity by providing comfort, safety, and self-care measures.
A client is experiencing progressive changes in memory that have interfered with
personal, social, and occupational functioning. The client exhibits poor judgment and
has a short attention span. A nurse should recognize these as classic signs of which
condition?
A. Mania
B. Delirium
C. Neurocognitive disorder
D. ParkinsonismCorrect answer - C. Neurocognitive disorder
The nurse should recognize that the client is exhibiting signs of neurocognitive disorder
(NCD). In NCD, impairment is evident in abstract thinking, judgment, and impulse
control. Behavior may be uninhibited and inappropriate.
A nursing instructor is teaching about donepezil (Aricept). A student asks, How does
this work? Will this cure Alzheimers disease (AD)? Which is the appropriate instructor
reply?
A. This medication delays the destruction of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain
necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves
to delay, but not stop, the progression of the AD.
B. This medication encourages production of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain
necessary for memory processes. It delays the progression of the disease.
C. This medication delays the destruction of dopamine, a chemical in the brain
necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves
to delay, but not stop, the progression of the AD.
D. This medication encourages production of dopamine, a chemical in the brain
necessary for memory processes. It delays the progression of the disease.Correct
answer - A. This medication delays the destruction of acetylcholine, a chemical in the
brain necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it
serves to delay, but not stop, the progression of the AD.
The most appropriate response by the instructor is to explain that donepezil (Aricept)
delays the destruction of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory
processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves to delay, but not stop,
the progression of AD.
Which symptom should a nurse identify that would differentiate clients diagnosed with
neurocognitive disorders from clients with pseudodementia (depression)?
A. Altered sleep
B. Impaired attention and concentration
,C. Altered task performance
D. Impaired psychomotor activityCorrect answer - C. Altered task performance
The nurse should identify that attention and concentration are impaired in
neurocognitive disorder and not in pseudodementia (depression).
At what time during a 24-hour period should a nurse expect clients with Alzheimers
disease to exhibit more pronounced symptoms?
A. When they first awaken
B. In the middle of the night
C. At twilight
D. After taking medicationsCorrect answer - C. At twilight
The nurse should determine that clients with Alzheimers disease exhibit more
pronounced symptoms at twilight. Sundowning is the term used to describe the
worsening of symptoms in the late afternoon and evening.
A client diagnosed with neurocognitive disorder exhibits progressive memory loss,
diminished cognitive functioning, and verbal aggression upon experiencing frustration.
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A. Schedule structured daily routines.
B. Minimize environmental lighting.
C. Organize a group activity to present reality.
D. Explain the consequences for aggressive behaviors.Correct answer - A. Schedule
structured daily routines.
The most appropriate nursing intervention for this client is to schedule structured daily
routines. A structured routine will reduce frustration and thereby reduce verbal
aggression.
After 1 week of continuous mental confusion, an elderly African American client is
admitted with a preliminary diagnosis of major neurocognitive disorder due to
Alzheimers disease. What should cause the nurse to question this diagnosis?
A. Neurocognitive disorder does not typically occur in African American clients.
B. The symptoms presented are more indicative of Parkinsonism.
C. Neurocognitive disorder does not develop suddenly.
D. There has been no T3 or T4 level evaluation ordered.Correct answer - C.
Neurocognitive disorder does not develop suddenly
The nurse should know that neurocognitive disorder (NCD) does not develop suddenly
and should question this diagnosis. The onset of NCD symptoms is slow and insidious
and is unrelated to race, culture, or creed. The disease is generally progressive and
debilitating.
A client diagnosed with neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimers disease has
impairments of memory and judgment and is incapable of performing activities of daily
living. Which nursing intervention should take priority?
A. Present evidence of objective reality to improve cognition
B. Design a bulletin board to represent the current season
C. Label the clients room with name and number
, D. Assist with bathing and toiletingCorrect answer - D. Assist with bathing and toileting
The priority nursing intervention for this client is to assist with bathing and toileting. A
client who is incapable of performing activities of daily living requires assistance in these
areas to ensure health and safety.
A client diagnosed with a neurocognitive disorder is exhibiting behavioral problems on a
daily basis. At change of shift, the clients behavior escalates from pacing to screaming
and flailing. Initially, which action should a nurse implement in this situation?
A. Consult the psychologist regarding behavior-modification techniques.
B. Medicate the client with prn antianxiety medications.
C. Assess environmental triggers and potential unmet needs.
D. Anticipate the behavior and restrain when pacing begins.Correct answer - C. Assess
environmental triggers and potential unmet needs
The initial nursing action is to assess environmental triggers and potential unmet needs.
Due to the cognitive decline experienced in a client diagnosed with neurocognitive
disorder, communication skills may be limited. The client may become disoriented and
frustrated.
A client with a history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is brought to an emergency
department experiencing memory problems, confusion, and disorientation. On the basis
of this clients assessment data, which diagnosis would the nurse expect the physician
to assign?
A. Medication-induced delirium
B. Vascular neurocognitive disorder
C. Altered thought processes
D. Alzheimers diseaseCorrect answer - B. Vascular neurocognitive disorder
The nurse should expect that this client would be diagnosed with vascular
neurocognitive disorder (NCD), which is due to significant cerebrovascular disease.
Vascular NCD often has an abrupt onset. This disease often occurs in a fluctuating
pattern of progression.
An older client has recently moved to a nursing home. The client has trouble
concentrating and socially isolates. A physician believes the client would benefit from
medication therapy. Which medication should the nurse expect the physician to
prescribe?
A. Haloperidol (Haldol)
B. Donepezil (Aricept)
C. Diazepam (Valium)
D. Sertraline (Zoloft)Correct answer - D. Sertraline (Zoloft)
The nurse should expect the physician to prescribe sertraline (Zoloft) to improve the
clients social functioning and concentration levels. Sertraline (Zoloft) is an SSRI
(selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) antidepressant. Depression is the most common
mental illness in older adults and is often misdiagnosed as neurocognitive disorder.
A client diagnosed with neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimers disease is
disoriented and ataxic, and he wanders. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis?
2022/2023 Questions and Answers(100%
Verified)
A geriatric nurse is teaching student nurses about the risk factors for development of
delirium in older adults. Which student statement indicates that learning has occurred?
A. Taking multiple medications may lead to adverse interactions or toxicity.
B. Age-related cognitive changes may lead to alterations in mental status.
C. Lack of rigorous exercise may lead to decreased cerebral blood flow.
D. Decreased social interaction may lead to profound isolation and psychosis.Correct
answer - A. Taking multiple medications may lead to adverse interactions or toxicity.
The nurse should identify that taking multiple medications may lead to adverse
reactions or toxicity and put an older adult at risk for the development of delirium.
Symptoms of delirium include difficulty sustaining and shifting attention. The client with
delirium is disoriented to time and place and may also have impaired memory.
A client diagnosed with vascular dementia is discharged to home under the care of his
wife. Which information should cause the nurse to question the client's safety?
A. His wife works from home in telecommunication.
B. The client has worked the night shift his entire career.
C. His wife has minimal family support.
D. The client smokes one pack of cigarettes per day.Correct answer - D. The client
smokes one pack of cigarettes per day.
Forgetfulness is an early symptom of dementia that would alert the nurse to question
the clients safety at home if the client smokes cigarettes. Vascular dementia is a clinical
syndrome of dementia due to significant cerebrovascular disease. The cause of
vascular dementia is related to an interruption of blood flow to the brain. High blood
pressure and hypertension are significant factors in the etiology.
A client diagnosed with neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimers disease can no
longer ambulate, does not recognize family members, and communicates with agitated
behaviors and incoherent verbalizations. The nurse recognizes these symptoms as
indicative of which stage of the illness?
A. Confabulation stage
B. Early stage
C. Middle stage
D. Late stageCorrect answer - D. Late stage
The nurse should recognize that this client is in the late stage of Alzheimers disease.
The late stage is characterized by a severe cognitive decline.
,A client is in the late stage of Alzheimers disease. To address the clients symptoms,
which nursing intervention should take priority?
A. Improve cognitive status by encouraging involvement in social activities.
B. Decrease social isolation by providing group therapies.
C. Promote dignity by providing comfort, safety, and self-care measures.
D. Facilitate communication by providing assistive devices.Correct answer - C. Promote
dignity by providing comfort, safety, and self-care measures.
A client is experiencing progressive changes in memory that have interfered with
personal, social, and occupational functioning. The client exhibits poor judgment and
has a short attention span. A nurse should recognize these as classic signs of which
condition?
A. Mania
B. Delirium
C. Neurocognitive disorder
D. ParkinsonismCorrect answer - C. Neurocognitive disorder
The nurse should recognize that the client is exhibiting signs of neurocognitive disorder
(NCD). In NCD, impairment is evident in abstract thinking, judgment, and impulse
control. Behavior may be uninhibited and inappropriate.
A nursing instructor is teaching about donepezil (Aricept). A student asks, How does
this work? Will this cure Alzheimers disease (AD)? Which is the appropriate instructor
reply?
A. This medication delays the destruction of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain
necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves
to delay, but not stop, the progression of the AD.
B. This medication encourages production of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain
necessary for memory processes. It delays the progression of the disease.
C. This medication delays the destruction of dopamine, a chemical in the brain
necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves
to delay, but not stop, the progression of the AD.
D. This medication encourages production of dopamine, a chemical in the brain
necessary for memory processes. It delays the progression of the disease.Correct
answer - A. This medication delays the destruction of acetylcholine, a chemical in the
brain necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it
serves to delay, but not stop, the progression of the AD.
The most appropriate response by the instructor is to explain that donepezil (Aricept)
delays the destruction of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory
processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves to delay, but not stop,
the progression of AD.
Which symptom should a nurse identify that would differentiate clients diagnosed with
neurocognitive disorders from clients with pseudodementia (depression)?
A. Altered sleep
B. Impaired attention and concentration
,C. Altered task performance
D. Impaired psychomotor activityCorrect answer - C. Altered task performance
The nurse should identify that attention and concentration are impaired in
neurocognitive disorder and not in pseudodementia (depression).
At what time during a 24-hour period should a nurse expect clients with Alzheimers
disease to exhibit more pronounced symptoms?
A. When they first awaken
B. In the middle of the night
C. At twilight
D. After taking medicationsCorrect answer - C. At twilight
The nurse should determine that clients with Alzheimers disease exhibit more
pronounced symptoms at twilight. Sundowning is the term used to describe the
worsening of symptoms in the late afternoon and evening.
A client diagnosed with neurocognitive disorder exhibits progressive memory loss,
diminished cognitive functioning, and verbal aggression upon experiencing frustration.
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A. Schedule structured daily routines.
B. Minimize environmental lighting.
C. Organize a group activity to present reality.
D. Explain the consequences for aggressive behaviors.Correct answer - A. Schedule
structured daily routines.
The most appropriate nursing intervention for this client is to schedule structured daily
routines. A structured routine will reduce frustration and thereby reduce verbal
aggression.
After 1 week of continuous mental confusion, an elderly African American client is
admitted with a preliminary diagnosis of major neurocognitive disorder due to
Alzheimers disease. What should cause the nurse to question this diagnosis?
A. Neurocognitive disorder does not typically occur in African American clients.
B. The symptoms presented are more indicative of Parkinsonism.
C. Neurocognitive disorder does not develop suddenly.
D. There has been no T3 or T4 level evaluation ordered.Correct answer - C.
Neurocognitive disorder does not develop suddenly
The nurse should know that neurocognitive disorder (NCD) does not develop suddenly
and should question this diagnosis. The onset of NCD symptoms is slow and insidious
and is unrelated to race, culture, or creed. The disease is generally progressive and
debilitating.
A client diagnosed with neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimers disease has
impairments of memory and judgment and is incapable of performing activities of daily
living. Which nursing intervention should take priority?
A. Present evidence of objective reality to improve cognition
B. Design a bulletin board to represent the current season
C. Label the clients room with name and number
, D. Assist with bathing and toiletingCorrect answer - D. Assist with bathing and toileting
The priority nursing intervention for this client is to assist with bathing and toileting. A
client who is incapable of performing activities of daily living requires assistance in these
areas to ensure health and safety.
A client diagnosed with a neurocognitive disorder is exhibiting behavioral problems on a
daily basis. At change of shift, the clients behavior escalates from pacing to screaming
and flailing. Initially, which action should a nurse implement in this situation?
A. Consult the psychologist regarding behavior-modification techniques.
B. Medicate the client with prn antianxiety medications.
C. Assess environmental triggers and potential unmet needs.
D. Anticipate the behavior and restrain when pacing begins.Correct answer - C. Assess
environmental triggers and potential unmet needs
The initial nursing action is to assess environmental triggers and potential unmet needs.
Due to the cognitive decline experienced in a client diagnosed with neurocognitive
disorder, communication skills may be limited. The client may become disoriented and
frustrated.
A client with a history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is brought to an emergency
department experiencing memory problems, confusion, and disorientation. On the basis
of this clients assessment data, which diagnosis would the nurse expect the physician
to assign?
A. Medication-induced delirium
B. Vascular neurocognitive disorder
C. Altered thought processes
D. Alzheimers diseaseCorrect answer - B. Vascular neurocognitive disorder
The nurse should expect that this client would be diagnosed with vascular
neurocognitive disorder (NCD), which is due to significant cerebrovascular disease.
Vascular NCD often has an abrupt onset. This disease often occurs in a fluctuating
pattern of progression.
An older client has recently moved to a nursing home. The client has trouble
concentrating and socially isolates. A physician believes the client would benefit from
medication therapy. Which medication should the nurse expect the physician to
prescribe?
A. Haloperidol (Haldol)
B. Donepezil (Aricept)
C. Diazepam (Valium)
D. Sertraline (Zoloft)Correct answer - D. Sertraline (Zoloft)
The nurse should expect the physician to prescribe sertraline (Zoloft) to improve the
clients social functioning and concentration levels. Sertraline (Zoloft) is an SSRI
(selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) antidepressant. Depression is the most common
mental illness in older adults and is often misdiagnosed as neurocognitive disorder.
A client diagnosed with neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimers disease is
disoriented and ataxic, and he wanders. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis?
