Cas 100A Exam #1
What are the 5 classic Cannons? - ANSWER Invention, arrangement, language style,
memory, delivery
Invention - ANSWER generating and selecting content and strategies for speech.
Components of the communication model - ANSWER sender, receiver, message,
context
Message - ANSWER The combination of signs and symbols
Channel (medium) - ANSWER a form of energy that can transmit a message to a
receiver’s senses. ex. the light to transmit visual images
External noise - ANSWER environmental factors that interfere with the transmission of
the message
Internal noise - ANSWER Inattention or selective perceptions
Decoding - ANSWER The audience receives the message and interprets it
Feedback - ANSWER The receiver encodes their response to the sender’s original
message
Cognitive meanings - ANSWER Our conscious thoughts that influence is
Emotional meanings - ANSWER unconscious thoughts
Encoding - ANSWER finding symbols to represent cognitive meanings
Signs - ANSWER emotional meanings expressed through such actions as trembling
from anxiety. These are not expressed voluntarily and are not encoded.
Rhetorical situation - ANSWER Where a problem creates a need for communication.
People's beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors can be influenced through messages in order
to diminish/resolve the problem.
Three components of a rhetorical situation - ANSWER exigence, audience, constraints
exigence - ANSWER A problem that can be corrected through communication
, What are the 4 major communication constraints? - ANSWER Contextual- Time, setting
Audience- psychological factors Topic- complexity, information available speaker-
speaking ability, personal knowledge, character
What are the 4 main reasons for making speeches? - ANSWER to inform, to convince
(persuade), to motivate, to celebrate
What strategies should be used in an informative speech - ANSWER explanations,
definitions, examples, descriptions
What strategies should be used in a persuasive speech - ANSWER argument, reason,
proof
What is a thesis statement - ANSWER the central idea for the audience to understand?
Problem speech: description (X is a problem) Policy: recommended solution (we should
do Y to solve problem X) Motivational: recommended action (YOU should do Z to help
with problem X)
Purpose Statement - ANSWER Specifies the psychological response the speech is
trying to produce. Problem: understanding (I want my audience to understand that x is a
problem and how it effects them) Policy: Belief or conviction ( I want my audience to
agree...) Motivational: readiness to act
Demographics - ANSWER Ages, gender, group affiliations, ethnicity, etc.
Lay audience - ANSWER Listeners have no knowledge about the topic
Three types of audiences - ANSWER Lay audience, mixed- audience, expert audience
Basic functions of a conclusion - ANSWER reinforce thesis, summarize main ideas,
signal that the end is coming, leave audience in the appropriate frame of mind
Components of an effective intro - ANSWER thesis/purpose statement, attention getter,
credibility statement, audience adaption statement, preview of main points
How to decide on organization style - ANSWER subject matter, purpose, audience.
Primacy vs. regency - ANSWER What is the central idea/ residual message. Will it be
remembered better if it comes first or last?
What is the most common way of arranging the main points of a policy speech -
ANSWER Problem-solution
Inductive speech arrangement - ANSWER A few facts at the beginning moving into a
conclusion
What are the 5 classic Cannons? - ANSWER Invention, arrangement, language style,
memory, delivery
Invention - ANSWER generating and selecting content and strategies for speech.
Components of the communication model - ANSWER sender, receiver, message,
context
Message - ANSWER The combination of signs and symbols
Channel (medium) - ANSWER a form of energy that can transmit a message to a
receiver’s senses. ex. the light to transmit visual images
External noise - ANSWER environmental factors that interfere with the transmission of
the message
Internal noise - ANSWER Inattention or selective perceptions
Decoding - ANSWER The audience receives the message and interprets it
Feedback - ANSWER The receiver encodes their response to the sender’s original
message
Cognitive meanings - ANSWER Our conscious thoughts that influence is
Emotional meanings - ANSWER unconscious thoughts
Encoding - ANSWER finding symbols to represent cognitive meanings
Signs - ANSWER emotional meanings expressed through such actions as trembling
from anxiety. These are not expressed voluntarily and are not encoded.
Rhetorical situation - ANSWER Where a problem creates a need for communication.
People's beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors can be influenced through messages in order
to diminish/resolve the problem.
Three components of a rhetorical situation - ANSWER exigence, audience, constraints
exigence - ANSWER A problem that can be corrected through communication
, What are the 4 major communication constraints? - ANSWER Contextual- Time, setting
Audience- psychological factors Topic- complexity, information available speaker-
speaking ability, personal knowledge, character
What are the 4 main reasons for making speeches? - ANSWER to inform, to convince
(persuade), to motivate, to celebrate
What strategies should be used in an informative speech - ANSWER explanations,
definitions, examples, descriptions
What strategies should be used in a persuasive speech - ANSWER argument, reason,
proof
What is a thesis statement - ANSWER the central idea for the audience to understand?
Problem speech: description (X is a problem) Policy: recommended solution (we should
do Y to solve problem X) Motivational: recommended action (YOU should do Z to help
with problem X)
Purpose Statement - ANSWER Specifies the psychological response the speech is
trying to produce. Problem: understanding (I want my audience to understand that x is a
problem and how it effects them) Policy: Belief or conviction ( I want my audience to
agree...) Motivational: readiness to act
Demographics - ANSWER Ages, gender, group affiliations, ethnicity, etc.
Lay audience - ANSWER Listeners have no knowledge about the topic
Three types of audiences - ANSWER Lay audience, mixed- audience, expert audience
Basic functions of a conclusion - ANSWER reinforce thesis, summarize main ideas,
signal that the end is coming, leave audience in the appropriate frame of mind
Components of an effective intro - ANSWER thesis/purpose statement, attention getter,
credibility statement, audience adaption statement, preview of main points
How to decide on organization style - ANSWER subject matter, purpose, audience.
Primacy vs. regency - ANSWER What is the central idea/ residual message. Will it be
remembered better if it comes first or last?
What is the most common way of arranging the main points of a policy speech -
ANSWER Problem-solution
Inductive speech arrangement - ANSWER A few facts at the beginning moving into a
conclusion
