1. Chapter 15
Questions
1. 1.ID: 793023914
Which structure is part of the central nervous system (CNS)?
A. Brain Correct
B. Somatic nervous system
C. Peripheral nerve pathways
D. Cranial nerves
The brain is part of the CNS. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the cranial
nerves and the spinal nerves. The PNS can be divided into the somatic nervous system
and the autonomic nervous system.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
2. 2.ID: 793023937
Which of the following is an insulating substance for the neuron?
A. Schwann sheath
B. Myelin Correct
C. Neurilemma
D. Node of Ranvier
Myelin is an insulating substance. The neurilemma is the same as a Schwann sheath; it
is the delicate tissue that surrounds each axon. The nodes of Ranvier are interruptions
at regular intervals that occur in the myelin.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
3. 3.ID: 793023902
Which neurons transmit impulses from neuron to neuron?
A. Unipolar neurons
B. Sensory neurons
C. Motor neurons
D. Interneurons Correct
Interneurons, or associational neurons, transmit impulses from neuron to neuron. Motor
neurons transmit impulses away from the CNS. Sensory neurons carry impulses from
the peripheral sensory receptors to the CNS. Unipolar neurons have one process that
branches shortly after leaving the cell body.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
4. 4.ID: 793023904
Which term describes successive, rapid impulses received from a single neuron on the
same synapse?
A. Temporal summation Correct
B. Spatial summation
C. Actuation
D. Facilitation
Temporal summation refers to the effects of successive, rapid impulses received from a
single neuron on the same synapse. Spatial summation refers to the combined effect of
, impulses from a number of neurons on a single synapse at the same time. Facilitation
refers to the effects of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) on the plasma
membrane potential.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
5. 5.ID: 793023922
Which of the following is a component of the midbrain?
A. Cerebral hemisphere
B. Tegmentum Correct
C. Cerebellum
D. Medulla oblongata
The tegmentum, corpora quadrigemina, and cerebral peduncles are parts of the
midbrain. The cerebral hemispheres make up the forebrain. The brainstem is composed
of the midbrain, medulla oblongata, and pons.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
6. 6.ID: 793023920
Which part of the brain contains all cell bodies and dendrites of the neurons?
A. Gyri
B. Sulci
C. White matter
D. Gray matter Correct
The gray matter contains the cell bodies and dendrites of the neurons. The gyri are the
convolutions of the cerebrum. The sulci are the grooves between adjacent gyri. The
white matter contains myelinated nerve fibers.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
7. 7.ID: 793023912
Which statement is true regarding Broca’s area?
A. Is responsible for receptive speech.
B. Is responsible for motor speech. Correct
C. Results in the inability to hear.
D. Is located in the right cerebral hemisphere.
Broca’s area is found on the left and is responsible for motor speech. Deficits in this
area result in the inability to form words, which is also called expressive aphasia.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
8. 8.ID: 793023924
Which statement is true regarding the cerebellum?
A. Makes up fibers of the corticospinal tract.
B. Maintains balance or posture. Correct
C. Controls respiration.
D. Is the location of cranial nerves V through VIII.
The cerebellum is responsible for balance and posture and is also responsible for both
conscious and unconscious muscle synergy. The pons controls respirations and is the
location of cranial nerves V through VIII. The fibers of the corticospinal tract are made
up in the basis pedunculi.
, Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
9. 9.ID: 793023908
Which of the following is involved in pain transmission?
A. Posterior horn
B. Substantia gelatinosa Correct
C. Anterior horn
D. Dorsal root ganglia
The substantia gelatinosa is a structure involved in pain transmission. The posterior
horn (dorsal horn) is primarily composed of interneurons and axons from sensory
neurons. The anterior or ventral horn contains nerve cell bodies for efferent pathways
leaving the spinal cord. The dorsal root ganglion is part of the sensory ganglion.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
10. 10.ID: 793023906
Which statement is true regarding a subdural hematoma?
A. A subdural hematoma is a collection of blood between the dura
and arachnoid. Correct
B. It occurs as a result of the disruption of an artery.
C. It is closely adhered to the brain.
D. It also produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
A subdural hematoma is a collection of venous blood between the dura and the
arachnoid. An epidural hematoma is a collection of blood between the skull and the
dura that involves an arterial bleed. The pia mater closely adheres to the brain. The
choroid plexuses produce CSF.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
11. 11.ID: 793023910
Which of the following is an arterial bleed from the blood vessels that lie within the
grooves of the skull?
A. Subdural
B. Epidural Correct
C. Subarachnoid
D. Lumbar cisterna
An epidural hematoma develops from an arterial bleed of blood vessels that lie within
the grooves in the skull.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
12. 12.ID: 793023933
Which statement is true regarding epinephrine?
A. Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers release epinephrine.
B. Epinephrine stimulates only α-adrenergic receptors.
C. Epinephrine induces general vasodilation. Correct
D. The action of epinephrine is the same no matter which receptor it
binds.
Epinephrine induces general vasodilation because of the predominance of β-adrenergic
receptors in the muscle vasculature.
, Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
13. 13.ID: 793023916
The _________ is the primary information and communication cell of the nervous system.
Incorrect
Correct Responses
A. neuron
The two basic cells that make up the nervous system are neurons and neuroglial cells.
The neuron is the primary information and communication cell of the nervous system.
The neuroglial cells are found in the CNS and PNS; they can provide structural support
and nutrition for neurons, remove debris, increase the speed of nerve impulses, and
play a significant role, along with the neurons, in processing and storing information.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
Chapter 17 Questions
1. 1.ID: 793035693
Vomiting is a result of a central nervous system (CNS) injury caused by which of the
following?
A. Impingement directly on the floor of the third ventricle
B. Decrease in intracranial pressure
C. Involvement of the vestibular nuclei Correct
D. Decompression of the brainstem
Vomiting that is associated with CNS injuries involves the vestibular nuclei or its
immediate projections. Vomiting can be caused by an impingement on the fourth
ventricle. It can also be the result of brainstem compression from an increase in
intracranial pressure.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
2. 2.ID: 793035689
Which criterion is not used when determining brain death?
A. Unresponsive coma
B. No spontaneous respiration
C. Isoelectric electroencephalogram (EEG)
D. Ocular response to head turning Correct
With brain death, ocular response to head turning does not occur and pupils are often
fixed and dilated. The following criteria determine brain death:
1. Completion of all appropriate and therapeutic procedures with no possibility of
brain function recovery
2. Unresponsive coma: absence of motor and reflex movements
3. No spontaneous respirations (apnea): partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the
arterial blood (PaCO2) rises above 60 mm Hg without breathing efforts, providing
evidence of a nonfunctioning respiratory center (apnea challenge)
Questions
1. 1.ID: 793023914
Which structure is part of the central nervous system (CNS)?
A. Brain Correct
B. Somatic nervous system
C. Peripheral nerve pathways
D. Cranial nerves
The brain is part of the CNS. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the cranial
nerves and the spinal nerves. The PNS can be divided into the somatic nervous system
and the autonomic nervous system.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
2. 2.ID: 793023937
Which of the following is an insulating substance for the neuron?
A. Schwann sheath
B. Myelin Correct
C. Neurilemma
D. Node of Ranvier
Myelin is an insulating substance. The neurilemma is the same as a Schwann sheath; it
is the delicate tissue that surrounds each axon. The nodes of Ranvier are interruptions
at regular intervals that occur in the myelin.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
3. 3.ID: 793023902
Which neurons transmit impulses from neuron to neuron?
A. Unipolar neurons
B. Sensory neurons
C. Motor neurons
D. Interneurons Correct
Interneurons, or associational neurons, transmit impulses from neuron to neuron. Motor
neurons transmit impulses away from the CNS. Sensory neurons carry impulses from
the peripheral sensory receptors to the CNS. Unipolar neurons have one process that
branches shortly after leaving the cell body.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
4. 4.ID: 793023904
Which term describes successive, rapid impulses received from a single neuron on the
same synapse?
A. Temporal summation Correct
B. Spatial summation
C. Actuation
D. Facilitation
Temporal summation refers to the effects of successive, rapid impulses received from a
single neuron on the same synapse. Spatial summation refers to the combined effect of
, impulses from a number of neurons on a single synapse at the same time. Facilitation
refers to the effects of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) on the plasma
membrane potential.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
5. 5.ID: 793023922
Which of the following is a component of the midbrain?
A. Cerebral hemisphere
B. Tegmentum Correct
C. Cerebellum
D. Medulla oblongata
The tegmentum, corpora quadrigemina, and cerebral peduncles are parts of the
midbrain. The cerebral hemispheres make up the forebrain. The brainstem is composed
of the midbrain, medulla oblongata, and pons.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
6. 6.ID: 793023920
Which part of the brain contains all cell bodies and dendrites of the neurons?
A. Gyri
B. Sulci
C. White matter
D. Gray matter Correct
The gray matter contains the cell bodies and dendrites of the neurons. The gyri are the
convolutions of the cerebrum. The sulci are the grooves between adjacent gyri. The
white matter contains myelinated nerve fibers.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
7. 7.ID: 793023912
Which statement is true regarding Broca’s area?
A. Is responsible for receptive speech.
B. Is responsible for motor speech. Correct
C. Results in the inability to hear.
D. Is located in the right cerebral hemisphere.
Broca’s area is found on the left and is responsible for motor speech. Deficits in this
area result in the inability to form words, which is also called expressive aphasia.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
8. 8.ID: 793023924
Which statement is true regarding the cerebellum?
A. Makes up fibers of the corticospinal tract.
B. Maintains balance or posture. Correct
C. Controls respiration.
D. Is the location of cranial nerves V through VIII.
The cerebellum is responsible for balance and posture and is also responsible for both
conscious and unconscious muscle synergy. The pons controls respirations and is the
location of cranial nerves V through VIII. The fibers of the corticospinal tract are made
up in the basis pedunculi.
, Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
9. 9.ID: 793023908
Which of the following is involved in pain transmission?
A. Posterior horn
B. Substantia gelatinosa Correct
C. Anterior horn
D. Dorsal root ganglia
The substantia gelatinosa is a structure involved in pain transmission. The posterior
horn (dorsal horn) is primarily composed of interneurons and axons from sensory
neurons. The anterior or ventral horn contains nerve cell bodies for efferent pathways
leaving the spinal cord. The dorsal root ganglion is part of the sensory ganglion.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
10. 10.ID: 793023906
Which statement is true regarding a subdural hematoma?
A. A subdural hematoma is a collection of blood between the dura
and arachnoid. Correct
B. It occurs as a result of the disruption of an artery.
C. It is closely adhered to the brain.
D. It also produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
A subdural hematoma is a collection of venous blood between the dura and the
arachnoid. An epidural hematoma is a collection of blood between the skull and the
dura that involves an arterial bleed. The pia mater closely adheres to the brain. The
choroid plexuses produce CSF.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
11. 11.ID: 793023910
Which of the following is an arterial bleed from the blood vessels that lie within the
grooves of the skull?
A. Subdural
B. Epidural Correct
C. Subarachnoid
D. Lumbar cisterna
An epidural hematoma develops from an arterial bleed of blood vessels that lie within
the grooves in the skull.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
12. 12.ID: 793023933
Which statement is true regarding epinephrine?
A. Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers release epinephrine.
B. Epinephrine stimulates only α-adrenergic receptors.
C. Epinephrine induces general vasodilation. Correct
D. The action of epinephrine is the same no matter which receptor it
binds.
Epinephrine induces general vasodilation because of the predominance of β-adrenergic
receptors in the muscle vasculature.
, Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
13. 13.ID: 793023916
The _________ is the primary information and communication cell of the nervous system.
Incorrect
Correct Responses
A. neuron
The two basic cells that make up the nervous system are neurons and neuroglial cells.
The neuron is the primary information and communication cell of the nervous system.
The neuroglial cells are found in the CNS and PNS; they can provide structural support
and nutrition for neurons, remove debris, increase the speed of nerve impulses, and
play a significant role, along with the neurons, in processing and storing information.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
Chapter 17 Questions
1. 1.ID: 793035693
Vomiting is a result of a central nervous system (CNS) injury caused by which of the
following?
A. Impingement directly on the floor of the third ventricle
B. Decrease in intracranial pressure
C. Involvement of the vestibular nuclei Correct
D. Decompression of the brainstem
Vomiting that is associated with CNS injuries involves the vestibular nuclei or its
immediate projections. Vomiting can be caused by an impingement on the fourth
ventricle. It can also be the result of brainstem compression from an increase in
intracranial pressure.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
2. 2.ID: 793035689
Which criterion is not used when determining brain death?
A. Unresponsive coma
B. No spontaneous respiration
C. Isoelectric electroencephalogram (EEG)
D. Ocular response to head turning Correct
With brain death, ocular response to head turning does not occur and pupils are often
fixed and dilated. The following criteria determine brain death:
1. Completion of all appropriate and therapeutic procedures with no possibility of
brain function recovery
2. Unresponsive coma: absence of motor and reflex movements
3. No spontaneous respirations (apnea): partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the
arterial blood (PaCO2) rises above 60 mm Hg without breathing efforts, providing
evidence of a nonfunctioning respiratory center (apnea challenge)
