AP Biology Chapter 6 - Metabolism:
Energy and Enzymes
Energy - ANSWER The ability for something to do work or cause change
Kinetic Energy - ANSWER The energy of motion, or when change is occurring
Potential Energy - ANSWER The stored energy that has the capacity and ability to do
work, but isn't at the present moment.
Chemical Energy - ANSWER Energy that is stored in organic molecules, such as
carbohydrates, proteins, and fat
Mechanical Energy - ANSWER The conversion of chemical energy (from food) into
energy being used at the present moment
Heat - ANSWER Energy in the form of hot particles
The First Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWER The first law that states the law of
conservation of energy: energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed
from one form to another
The Second Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWER The second law that states that
energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energy
(loss of heat)
Entropy - ANSWER A term used to indicate the amount of disorganization (breaking
down of molecules) in the world
More entropy causes less potential energy
Enthalpy - ANSWER The total amount of heat in the system
Metabolism - ANSWER The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
Reactants - ANSWER The substances that are going to react with each other to make
the products
Products - ANSWER The substances that are the end results of a reaction
Free Energy - ANSWER The amount of energy left to do work after a chemical reaction
occurs
Energy and Enzymes
Energy - ANSWER The ability for something to do work or cause change
Kinetic Energy - ANSWER The energy of motion, or when change is occurring
Potential Energy - ANSWER The stored energy that has the capacity and ability to do
work, but isn't at the present moment.
Chemical Energy - ANSWER Energy that is stored in organic molecules, such as
carbohydrates, proteins, and fat
Mechanical Energy - ANSWER The conversion of chemical energy (from food) into
energy being used at the present moment
Heat - ANSWER Energy in the form of hot particles
The First Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWER The first law that states the law of
conservation of energy: energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed
from one form to another
The Second Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWER The second law that states that
energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energy
(loss of heat)
Entropy - ANSWER A term used to indicate the amount of disorganization (breaking
down of molecules) in the world
More entropy causes less potential energy
Enthalpy - ANSWER The total amount of heat in the system
Metabolism - ANSWER The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
Reactants - ANSWER The substances that are going to react with each other to make
the products
Products - ANSWER The substances that are the end results of a reaction
Free Energy - ANSWER The amount of energy left to do work after a chemical reaction
occurs
