Nursing 104 test 2 Liberty University
Accountability Correct Answer: answerable to oneself and others for one's own actions
we hold high clinical practice and ethical standards for ourselves, me must also be willing to accept
professional responsibility when or if deviations from care standards occur
take responsibility for own actions, ensure you are competent to complete the assigned task, always put
patient needs first
advance directives Correct Answer: Patient's wishes are made known through execution of a formal
document known as the living will Medical and physician directives Document that lists desire of patient
in a particular scenario If properly executed, provides physician with immunity from claims of negligence
in the patient's death
Adults have the right to refuse extraordinary medical treatment when no hope of recovery
durable power of attorney for health care (MPOA) Correct Answer: Document allowing patient to name
the person who will make the day-to-day and end-of-life decisions when he or she becomes decisionally
incompetent
medical error Correct Answer: the failure of a planned action to be completed as intended or the use of
a wrong plan to achieve an aim
intentional tort Correct Answer: Direct violation of a person's rights
Assault and Battery Assault - causing a person to fear that he or she will be touched without consent
Battery - unauthorized touching or the actual harmful or offensive touching of a person
Liability Correct Answer: Asserts that every person is responsible for the wrong or injury done to
another as the result of carelessness
Malpractice Correct Answer: Failure by a health professional to meet accepted standards
Negligence Correct Answer: failure to act in a reasonable and prudent manner
careless neglect, often resulting in injury
Malpractice Correct Answer: special type of negligence; that is, the failure of a professional, a person
with specialized education and training, to act in a reasonable and prudent manner
Failure to ensure patient safety
Improper treatment or poor performance of treatment
Failure to monitor patient and report significant findings
Medication errors
Failure to follow agency's policies and procedures
Nursing Practice Act Correct Answer: -Define scope and limitations of nursing practice
Vary from state to state, but common elements include: -Definition of the term registered nurse -
Description of professional nursing functions Standards of competent performance -Behaviors that
represent misconduct or prohibited practices Grounds for disciplinary action -Fines and penalties for
violations
,preventable adverse event Correct Answer: An injury caused by medical management rather than the
patient's underlying condition. An adverse event attributable to error is a preventable adverse event.
Informed consent Correct Answer: Physician or advanced practice nurse has duty to disclose
information so patient can make intelligent choices
Mandated by federal statute and state law
Information that must be disclosed: Nature of the therapy or procedure Expected benefits and
outcomes Potential risks Alternative therapies Risks of not having the procedure
Risk Management Correct Answer: Assist in the development of policies and procedures to improve
practice
Provide knowledge about federal and state laws, licensing laws, and health care case law
Track incidents and accidents in the facility Incident reports - Always report (over report!) Be objective,
avoiding subjective terms and opinions Never reference in documentation
sentinel event Correct Answer: Unintentional adverse outcome which results in death, paralysis, coma,
or other major permanent loss of function Wrong surgery site Suicide by patient in facility Fall resulting
in death
standard of care Correct Answer: Written, accepted levels of emergency care expected by reason of
training and profession; written by legal or professional organizations so that patients are not exposed
to unreasonable risk or harm.
legal Correct Answer: think in terms of MUST, WILL, SHALL
absolutes
ethical Correct Answer: think in terms of MAY, SHOULD
beliefs about appropriate behavior in a societal context
what happens when you break the nursing practice act Correct Answer: Penalties that may be imposed:
Issuing a formal reprimand Establishing a period of probation Levying fines Limiting, suspending, or
revoking the nurse's license
personal liability Correct Answer: Requires nurse to assume responsibility for patient harm or injury that
is a result of negligent acts
Nurse cannot be relieved of liability by another professional, such as a physician or nurse manager
Damages can be levied against current assets and future earnings
Personal liability with floating and cross-training Correct Answer: Nurses are NOT permitted to render
services if the requisite knowledge to act competently is lacking
Nurses have a legal duty to refuse specific tasks that they cannot perform safely and competently
Defamation of Character- intentional tort Correct Answer: Libel is defamation caused by written word:
Subjective comments written in the medical record
Slander is defamation caused by spoken word; Repeat subjective comments about patients in public
places
, False imprisonment- intentional tort Correct Answer: Unlawful restraint or detention of another person
against his or her wishes
Nurse has no authority to detain a patient even if there is likelihood of harm or injury
Invasion of privacy- intentional tort Correct Answer: Person's private affairs (including health history
and status) are made public without consent
Nurse has a legal and ethical duty to maintain patient confidentiality
Intentional infliction of emotional distress Correct Answer: Nurse's behavior is so outrageous that it
leads to the patient's emotional shock
"Do not resuscitate" orders Correct Answer: Written by physician on the basis of directives by the
patient
Nurses have absolute duty to respect patient's DNR orders
A lawfully executed DRN order must be followed
The right to refuse treatment Correct Answer: An adult of sound mind has a right to refuse any
treatment that has previously been agreed to
Nurse must notify provider if patient refuses treatment
Provider should give patient information about the consequences, risks, and benefits of refusing
treatment and explore available alternatives
Leaving against medical advice (AMA) Correct Answer: Nurse must act promptly to notify the provider
Nurse must clearly articulate the danger inherent in leaving
Value of AMA document will depend a great deal on the nurse's charting, which should note that leaving
the facility could result in the following: Aggravated current condition and complicated future care
Permanent physical or mental impairment or disability Complications leading to death
Nursing ethics Correct Answer: system of principles that govern the actions of the nurse in relation to
patients, families, other health care providers, policymakers, and society
Codes of ethics Correct Answer: American Nurses Association
Implicit standards and values for the profession
Set of rules that apply to professional nurses: Human dignity and respect Professional boundaries
Collaboration Professional responsibility
Answering difficult questions Correct Answer: What is safe care?
When staffing is inadequate, what care should be accepted or refused?
What does it mean to be ill or well?
What is the proper balance between science/technology and the good of humans?
Where do we find balance when science will allow us to experiment with the basic origins of life?
Balancing science and morality Correct Answer: Nurses must examine life and its origins, as well as its
worth, usefulness, and importance
Nurses must determine their own values and seek to understand the values of others
Health care decisions Correct Answer: Decisions are made with the patient, family, other nurses, and
other health care providers
Accountability Correct Answer: answerable to oneself and others for one's own actions
we hold high clinical practice and ethical standards for ourselves, me must also be willing to accept
professional responsibility when or if deviations from care standards occur
take responsibility for own actions, ensure you are competent to complete the assigned task, always put
patient needs first
advance directives Correct Answer: Patient's wishes are made known through execution of a formal
document known as the living will Medical and physician directives Document that lists desire of patient
in a particular scenario If properly executed, provides physician with immunity from claims of negligence
in the patient's death
Adults have the right to refuse extraordinary medical treatment when no hope of recovery
durable power of attorney for health care (MPOA) Correct Answer: Document allowing patient to name
the person who will make the day-to-day and end-of-life decisions when he or she becomes decisionally
incompetent
medical error Correct Answer: the failure of a planned action to be completed as intended or the use of
a wrong plan to achieve an aim
intentional tort Correct Answer: Direct violation of a person's rights
Assault and Battery Assault - causing a person to fear that he or she will be touched without consent
Battery - unauthorized touching or the actual harmful or offensive touching of a person
Liability Correct Answer: Asserts that every person is responsible for the wrong or injury done to
another as the result of carelessness
Malpractice Correct Answer: Failure by a health professional to meet accepted standards
Negligence Correct Answer: failure to act in a reasonable and prudent manner
careless neglect, often resulting in injury
Malpractice Correct Answer: special type of negligence; that is, the failure of a professional, a person
with specialized education and training, to act in a reasonable and prudent manner
Failure to ensure patient safety
Improper treatment or poor performance of treatment
Failure to monitor patient and report significant findings
Medication errors
Failure to follow agency's policies and procedures
Nursing Practice Act Correct Answer: -Define scope and limitations of nursing practice
Vary from state to state, but common elements include: -Definition of the term registered nurse -
Description of professional nursing functions Standards of competent performance -Behaviors that
represent misconduct or prohibited practices Grounds for disciplinary action -Fines and penalties for
violations
,preventable adverse event Correct Answer: An injury caused by medical management rather than the
patient's underlying condition. An adverse event attributable to error is a preventable adverse event.
Informed consent Correct Answer: Physician or advanced practice nurse has duty to disclose
information so patient can make intelligent choices
Mandated by federal statute and state law
Information that must be disclosed: Nature of the therapy or procedure Expected benefits and
outcomes Potential risks Alternative therapies Risks of not having the procedure
Risk Management Correct Answer: Assist in the development of policies and procedures to improve
practice
Provide knowledge about federal and state laws, licensing laws, and health care case law
Track incidents and accidents in the facility Incident reports - Always report (over report!) Be objective,
avoiding subjective terms and opinions Never reference in documentation
sentinel event Correct Answer: Unintentional adverse outcome which results in death, paralysis, coma,
or other major permanent loss of function Wrong surgery site Suicide by patient in facility Fall resulting
in death
standard of care Correct Answer: Written, accepted levels of emergency care expected by reason of
training and profession; written by legal or professional organizations so that patients are not exposed
to unreasonable risk or harm.
legal Correct Answer: think in terms of MUST, WILL, SHALL
absolutes
ethical Correct Answer: think in terms of MAY, SHOULD
beliefs about appropriate behavior in a societal context
what happens when you break the nursing practice act Correct Answer: Penalties that may be imposed:
Issuing a formal reprimand Establishing a period of probation Levying fines Limiting, suspending, or
revoking the nurse's license
personal liability Correct Answer: Requires nurse to assume responsibility for patient harm or injury that
is a result of negligent acts
Nurse cannot be relieved of liability by another professional, such as a physician or nurse manager
Damages can be levied against current assets and future earnings
Personal liability with floating and cross-training Correct Answer: Nurses are NOT permitted to render
services if the requisite knowledge to act competently is lacking
Nurses have a legal duty to refuse specific tasks that they cannot perform safely and competently
Defamation of Character- intentional tort Correct Answer: Libel is defamation caused by written word:
Subjective comments written in the medical record
Slander is defamation caused by spoken word; Repeat subjective comments about patients in public
places
, False imprisonment- intentional tort Correct Answer: Unlawful restraint or detention of another person
against his or her wishes
Nurse has no authority to detain a patient even if there is likelihood of harm or injury
Invasion of privacy- intentional tort Correct Answer: Person's private affairs (including health history
and status) are made public without consent
Nurse has a legal and ethical duty to maintain patient confidentiality
Intentional infliction of emotional distress Correct Answer: Nurse's behavior is so outrageous that it
leads to the patient's emotional shock
"Do not resuscitate" orders Correct Answer: Written by physician on the basis of directives by the
patient
Nurses have absolute duty to respect patient's DNR orders
A lawfully executed DRN order must be followed
The right to refuse treatment Correct Answer: An adult of sound mind has a right to refuse any
treatment that has previously been agreed to
Nurse must notify provider if patient refuses treatment
Provider should give patient information about the consequences, risks, and benefits of refusing
treatment and explore available alternatives
Leaving against medical advice (AMA) Correct Answer: Nurse must act promptly to notify the provider
Nurse must clearly articulate the danger inherent in leaving
Value of AMA document will depend a great deal on the nurse's charting, which should note that leaving
the facility could result in the following: Aggravated current condition and complicated future care
Permanent physical or mental impairment or disability Complications leading to death
Nursing ethics Correct Answer: system of principles that govern the actions of the nurse in relation to
patients, families, other health care providers, policymakers, and society
Codes of ethics Correct Answer: American Nurses Association
Implicit standards and values for the profession
Set of rules that apply to professional nurses: Human dignity and respect Professional boundaries
Collaboration Professional responsibility
Answering difficult questions Correct Answer: What is safe care?
When staffing is inadequate, what care should be accepted or refused?
What does it mean to be ill or well?
What is the proper balance between science/technology and the good of humans?
Where do we find balance when science will allow us to experiment with the basic origins of life?
Balancing science and morality Correct Answer: Nurses must examine life and its origins, as well as its
worth, usefulness, and importance
Nurses must determine their own values and seek to understand the values of others
Health care decisions Correct Answer: Decisions are made with the patient, family, other nurses, and
other health care providers
