ULL Nursing 104 Exam 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| GRADED A

ULL Nursing 104 Exam 1 nursing is Correct Answer: caring, an art, a science, client centered, holistic, adaptive, concerned with health promotion, health maintenance, and health restoration, helping profession nursing can be defined as Correct Answer: science and art science component of nursing Correct Answer: uses the nursing process: the quality of patient care is based on an analytical framework of critical thinking compromised of assessment, diagnosis, and identification of outcomes, planning, implementation, and evaluation evidence- based practice Correct Answer: nurses as scientist rely on evidence to guide their policies and practices art component of nursing Correct Answer: Care, compassion, and advocacy to enhance patient comfort and well being; involves the human touch Humanistic-Altruistic Values Correct Answer: based on caring and respect for human dignity; includes the attitudes: acceptance, sensitivity, and appreciation American Nurses Association (ANA) Correct Answer: Professional organization that represents all registered nurses. World Health Organization (WHO) Correct Answer: a global institution dedicated to the improvement of human health by monitoring and assessing health trends and providing medical advice to countries professional nursing roles Correct Answer: care provider, educator and counselor, client advocate, change agent, leader and manager, researcher, coordinator of the interprofessional health care team RN demographics as of 2013 Correct Answer: approximately 3 million RNs in the US; average age: 44.6; male RNs increased to 9.1%; 25% of RNs are nonwhite; 55% nurses have a minimum of BSN; hospital opportunities Correct Answer: infection control, quality management, specific client services, coordinator positions variations on traditional roles in nursing Correct Answer: - hospice nurse: care for patients with a progressive terminal disease - informatics nurse specialist: focuses on management and processing of health care informantion - occupational health nurse: nurses the work for specific companies - quality manager: research and describe findings and look for opportunities to improve care - case manager: identify the best resources at the lowest cost to achieve the optimal health outcome for the client - flight nurse: nurses who work in helicopters and care for patients while transporting them - telephone triage nurse: asses needs, intervene, and evaluate patient care through technology - forensic nurse - school nurse - travel nurse - faith community nurse: intentional care of the spirit as the client seeks wholeness in mind, body, and spirit - nursing educator Nurse Educator Correct Answer: Minimum of master's degree in the specialty area in which they teach Must be competent in clinical practice at advanced generalist or specialist level Expectations of the role include teaching, scholarship, and service to the community Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) Correct Answer: Nurse practitioner: family, adult, pediatric, psychiatric/ mental health, women's health, emergency Nurse practitioner responsibilities Correct Answer: taking histories; physical examinations; ordering, performing, interpreting diagnostic test; prescribes medication & treatments; has prescriptive authority; education emphasizing pathophysiology & pharmacology Clinical Nurse Specialist Correct Answer: prepared for specialty practice; expert clinician; educator; consultant; researcher; administrator nurse anesthetist Correct Answer: Provides anesthesia and anesthesia-related care on request, assignment, or referral by a patient's physician, most often to facilitate diagnostic, therapeutic, or surgical procedures; CRNA- certified registered nurse anethestist Nurse Midwife Correct Answer: primary care provider of women's health: pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum period, care of the newborn, family planning, gynecological needs; care occurs in homes, birthing centers, clinics, hospitals Nurse Administrator or Nurse Executive Correct Answer: knowledgeable about both the business of health care and the nursing profession; typically have a masters degree; profession Correct Answer: a paid occupation, especially one that involves prolonged training and a formal qualification. University of Minnesota Correct Answer: first nursing program opened in 1909 as a diploma school under the college of medicine; did not result in a college degree Yale University Correct Answer: The first university to offer nursing graduates a baccalaureate degree in 1924 BSN historical milestones: Correct Answer: require 2 years of arts and sciences; 2 years of nursing courses; 126-136 credits; 2013 696 BSN programs were available Nursing Training Act of 1943 Correct Answer: 1st instance of federal funding being used to support nurse training nurse training act of 1964 Correct Answer: A law signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson to solve the nurse shortage problem in the US. The law called for establishment of student loan funds, cooperation of the public, and private non-profit schools of nursing. Nursing Code of Ethics Correct Answer: a central foundation used to guide nurses in their decisions and conduct Essential Nursing Values and Behaviors Correct Answer: Nursing values intensify as nurses grow through their career and face new challenges. The core values that form the foundation of the nursing profession are altruism, autonomy, human dignity, and social justice. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Correct Answer: National organization founded in 1969 whose members are baccalaureate and higher degree nursing education programs. The Association serves as the national voice for these programs. National Council of State Boards of Nursing Correct Answer: Organization whose membership consists of the board of nursing of each state or territory. NCSBN altruism Correct Answer: unselfish concern for the welfare of others autonomy Correct Answer: independence human dignity Correct Answer: respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations integrity Correct Answer: acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice Social Justice Correct Answer: acting in accordance with fair treatment regardless of economic status, race, ethnicity, age, citizenship, disability, or sexual orientation The Essentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice Correct Answer: serves as a educational framework for preparation of professional nurses; 9 BSN curriculum essentials Institute of Medicine (IOM) Correct Answer: recognizes the essentiality of nursing in the success of reforming the US health care system Healthy People 2020 Correct Answer: outlines goals for a broad-based population health set by government agencies Baccalaureate Outcomes and Competencies Correct Answer: Identifies essential competencies and outcomes for practice, indicators that define competences, ways to learn competencies, and effective ways to document that learners achieve the competences Prehistoric Period-- health beliefs? Correct Answer: All natural phenomena, including illnesses, were the work of the gods Prehistoric Period-- health practices? Correct Answer: Guided by beliefs of magic, religion and superstition; engaged in acts intended to deter evil gods and demons; sacrifices and offerings to rid the body of evil gods, demons, and spirits; herbs, roots, and vegetables to cast out the "curse" of the illness; rituals, demonstrative dances Early Civilizations: Egypt Correct Answer: suture; pharmacopoeia with more than 700 drugs; nurses used by kings Early Civilizations: Palestine Correct Answer: Moses developed the mosaic code Early Civilizations: Greece Correct Answer: Aesculeplus; model for the medical caduceus; Hippocrates: first to attribute disease to natural causes, considered the "father of medicine" Early Civilizations: India Correct Answer: vedas; surgery; prenatal care; hospitals with male nurses Early Civilizations: Chinese Correct Answer: acupuncture, believed in the yin and the yang for the basis of health Early Civilizations: Rome Correct Answer: 1st military hospital Middle Ages (476 - 1450 AD) Correct Answer: -Roman Catholic Church- central figure of health care -men used purging, leeching, and mercury -women used herbs and new methods of healing -wives of emperors and other noble women became nurses -during the crusades military nursing orders known as templars and hospitalers were founded -monks and christian knights provided nursing care and defended the hospitals honor during battle Renaissance and Reformation Period (14th-16th Centuries AD) Correct Answer: Major advancements in medicine: pharmacology, chemistry, and medical knowledge; Nursing education practical non existent Renaissance and Reformation Period (14-16th Centuries AD) Correct Answer: "Dark Ages" of Nursing; dissension between roman catholic church and protestant sects; religious facilities closed; hospital nursing no longer appealed to women of high economic status; hospital nurses were often female prisoners, prostitutes, and drunks; famine, plague, filth, and horrible crimes ravage in Europe in the 16th and 17th century Colonial American Period Correct Answer: - first hospital in north america: hospital of immaculate conception in mexico city -First hospital in US- pennsylvania hospital 1751 -American colonies- individuals with infectious diseases were isolated in almshouses or pest houses -ben franklin advocated for hospitals and care of the sick Florence Nightingale Correct Answer: Established sanitary nursing care units; system for transcribing doctors orders; patient records; public health principles and statistical methods to advocate for improved health conditions; death rates for soldiers went from 42%-2% Bec of emphasis of sanitary conditions within the hospital Florence Nightingale Correct Answer: 1860- first nursing school in England established 1873- graduates from Nightingale's nurse training program migrated to