TNCC 8th Edition
What are the greatest risks for transport? Ans:- Loss of airway patency,
displaced obstructive tubes lines or catheters, dislodge splinting devices,
need to replace or reinforce dressings, deterioration in patient status change
in vital signs or level of consciousness, injury to the patient and/or team
members
According to newtons law which of these two force is greater: size or force?
Ans:- Neither. For each force there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What is the relationship between mass and velocity to kinetic energy? Ans:-
Kinetic energy is equal to 1/2 the mass multiplied the square of its velocity
therefore when mass is doubled so is the net energy, however, when velocity
is doubled energy is quadrupled.
What is tension? Ans:- stretching force by pulling at opposite ends
What is compression? Ans:- Crushing by squeezing together
What is bending? Ans:- Loading about an axis. Bending causes
compression on the side the person is bending toward intention to the
opposite side
What is shearing? Ans:- Damage by tearing or bending by exerting faucet
different parts in opposite directions at the same time.
What is torsion? Ans:- Torsion forces twist ends in opposite directions.
What is combined loading? Ans:- Any combination of tension compression
torsion bending and/or shear.
What are the four types of trauma related injuries? Ans:- Blunt,
penetrating, thermal, or blast.
What are contributing factors to injuries related to blunt traumas? Ans:-
The point of impact on the patient's body, the type of surface that is hit, the
tissues ability to resist (bone versus soft tissue, air-filled versus solid organs),
and the trajectory of force.
What are the seven patterns of pathway injuries related to motor vehicle
accidents? Ans:- Up and over, down and under, lateral, rotational, rear, roll
over, and ejection.
, Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence.
Ans:- The first impact occurs when the vehicle collided with another object.
The second impact occurs after the initial impact when the occupant
continues to move in the original direction of travel until they collide with the
interior of the vehicle or meet resistance. The third impact occurs when
internal structures collide within the body cavity.
What are the three factors that contribute to the damage caused by
penetrating trauma's? Ans:- The point of impact, the velocity and speed of
impact, and the proximity to the object.
What causes the primary effects of blast traumas? Ans:- The direct blast
effects. Types of injuries include last long, tympanic membrane rupture and
middle ear damage, abdominal hemorrhage and perforation, global rupture,
mild Trumatic brain injury.
What causes the secondary effects of blast traumas? Ans:- Projectiles
propelled by the explosion. Injuries include penetrating or blunt injuries or I
penetration.
What causes the tertiary effects of blast traumas? Ans:- Results from
individuals being thrown by the blast wind. Injuries include hole or partial
body translocation from being thrown against a hard service: blunt or
penetrating trauma's, fractures, traumatic amputations.
What causes quarternary effects of blast traumas? Ans:- All explosion
related injuries, illnesses, or diseases not due to the first three mechanisms.
Injuries include external and internal burns, crush injuries, closed and open
brain injuries, asthmatic or breathing problems from dust smoke or toxic
fumes, angina, or hyper glycemia and hypertension.
What causes quinary effects of blasts traumas? Ans:- Those associated
with exposure to hazardous materials from radioactive, biologic, or chemical
components of a blast. Injuries include a variety of health effects depending
on agent.
What are the three processes that transfer oxygen from the air to the lungs
and blood stream Ans:- Ventilation: the active mechanical movement of air
into and out of the lungs; diffusion: the passive movement of gases from an
area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; and
perfusion: the movement of blood to and from the lungs as a delivery
medium of oxygen to the entire body.
When would you use a nasopharyngeal airway versus an oral pharyngeal
airway? Ans:- Nasopharyngeal airways is contraindicated in patients with
facial trauma or a suspected basilar skull fracture. Oral pharyngeal airways is
What are the greatest risks for transport? Ans:- Loss of airway patency,
displaced obstructive tubes lines or catheters, dislodge splinting devices,
need to replace or reinforce dressings, deterioration in patient status change
in vital signs or level of consciousness, injury to the patient and/or team
members
According to newtons law which of these two force is greater: size or force?
Ans:- Neither. For each force there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What is the relationship between mass and velocity to kinetic energy? Ans:-
Kinetic energy is equal to 1/2 the mass multiplied the square of its velocity
therefore when mass is doubled so is the net energy, however, when velocity
is doubled energy is quadrupled.
What is tension? Ans:- stretching force by pulling at opposite ends
What is compression? Ans:- Crushing by squeezing together
What is bending? Ans:- Loading about an axis. Bending causes
compression on the side the person is bending toward intention to the
opposite side
What is shearing? Ans:- Damage by tearing or bending by exerting faucet
different parts in opposite directions at the same time.
What is torsion? Ans:- Torsion forces twist ends in opposite directions.
What is combined loading? Ans:- Any combination of tension compression
torsion bending and/or shear.
What are the four types of trauma related injuries? Ans:- Blunt,
penetrating, thermal, or blast.
What are contributing factors to injuries related to blunt traumas? Ans:-
The point of impact on the patient's body, the type of surface that is hit, the
tissues ability to resist (bone versus soft tissue, air-filled versus solid organs),
and the trajectory of force.
What are the seven patterns of pathway injuries related to motor vehicle
accidents? Ans:- Up and over, down and under, lateral, rotational, rear, roll
over, and ejection.
, Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence.
Ans:- The first impact occurs when the vehicle collided with another object.
The second impact occurs after the initial impact when the occupant
continues to move in the original direction of travel until they collide with the
interior of the vehicle or meet resistance. The third impact occurs when
internal structures collide within the body cavity.
What are the three factors that contribute to the damage caused by
penetrating trauma's? Ans:- The point of impact, the velocity and speed of
impact, and the proximity to the object.
What causes the primary effects of blast traumas? Ans:- The direct blast
effects. Types of injuries include last long, tympanic membrane rupture and
middle ear damage, abdominal hemorrhage and perforation, global rupture,
mild Trumatic brain injury.
What causes the secondary effects of blast traumas? Ans:- Projectiles
propelled by the explosion. Injuries include penetrating or blunt injuries or I
penetration.
What causes the tertiary effects of blast traumas? Ans:- Results from
individuals being thrown by the blast wind. Injuries include hole or partial
body translocation from being thrown against a hard service: blunt or
penetrating trauma's, fractures, traumatic amputations.
What causes quarternary effects of blast traumas? Ans:- All explosion
related injuries, illnesses, or diseases not due to the first three mechanisms.
Injuries include external and internal burns, crush injuries, closed and open
brain injuries, asthmatic or breathing problems from dust smoke or toxic
fumes, angina, or hyper glycemia and hypertension.
What causes quinary effects of blasts traumas? Ans:- Those associated
with exposure to hazardous materials from radioactive, biologic, or chemical
components of a blast. Injuries include a variety of health effects depending
on agent.
What are the three processes that transfer oxygen from the air to the lungs
and blood stream Ans:- Ventilation: the active mechanical movement of air
into and out of the lungs; diffusion: the passive movement of gases from an
area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; and
perfusion: the movement of blood to and from the lungs as a delivery
medium of oxygen to the entire body.
When would you use a nasopharyngeal airway versus an oral pharyngeal
airway? Ans:- Nasopharyngeal airways is contraindicated in patients with
facial trauma or a suspected basilar skull fracture. Oral pharyngeal airways is
