Introduction to Termanology. organization for
anatomy and physiology Study guide
anatomy and microscopic Anatomy so gross anatomy or macroscopic Anatomy is really just
looking at the structures of the body organs of the body systems of the body that can be viewed
without a microscope so, for example, you look at the heart you can hold a heart in your hand
you can look at the chambers you can study the valves you can study the blood vessels but you
can also take the heart and zoom in requiring a microscope looking at muscle cells and and and
fat cells for example and this is in this is studying microscopic Anatomy because he requires a
microscope so microscopic anatomy and macroscopic is the difference between and the
physiology part of the course is studying the function how those different parts or at that how the
anatomy works together a lot of courses offer Anatomies like a whole year of anatomy and a
whole year of physiology by themselves study anatomy and physiology togetherefinitely has its
advantages cuz you can see how the anatomy works together and then that's the best of
physiology generally Anatomy is studied in lab and the physiologies that he didn't lecture okay
the the first thing we'll really get into is studying the levels of organization and so it's important to
know the the order of the levels of organization so if you want to start from small to large we
have the molecular level you got the cellular level then you have the tissue level organ organ
system and then finally the organism and so it's important to know the the examples to be able
to give examples or to be able to recognize examples of each of the levels of organization and
so will kind of give you the definition as well as there are some examples of the same time so so
you have the molecular level you know you have your you know water carbon dioxide and then
sew on a teepee and you put molecules together you put two organelles together you guys sell
the cellular level soefinitely has its advantages cuz you can see how the anatomy works
together and then that's the best of physiology generally Anatomy is studied in lab and the
physiologies that he didn't lecture okay the the first thing we'll really get into is studying the
levels of organization and so it's important to know the the order of the levels of organization so
if you want to start from small to large we have the molecular level you got the cellular level then
you have the tissue level organ organ system and then finally the organism and so it's important
to know the the examples to be able to give examples or to be able to recognize examples of
each of the levels of organization and so will kind of give you the definition as well as there are
some examples of the same time so so you have the molecular level you know you have your
you know water carbon dioxide and then sew on a teepee and you put molecules together you
put two organelles together you guys sell the cellular level sodifferent kinds of cells working
together in Oregon is two different kinds of tissues working together and so you can sew a good
example of an organ is for example of the skin So in the skin we have epithelial tissue and we
have blood vessels in the Skin So blood is a tissue and epithelial tissue is tissue epithelia is
tissue which is the the lining those two different kinds of tissues make-up and there's more
makeup makeup the skin which will be with call in Oregon so that's an example of of an organ
course he have the liver and you got the kidneys and you got the the ureter and you have
muscle so these are all different kinds of organs and organ system is two or more different kinds
, of organs working together so you have the tissue level two or more kinds of cells working
together the organ level
two or more kinds of tissues they have an organ system two or more kinds of organs for
example the cardiovascular system cardio meaning of a meeting heart vascular meaning blood
vessel blood vesselsheart and blood vessels obviously are very much interconnected
cardiovascular system is an organ system the cardiopulmonary system is another system cardio
pulmonary lungs often get organ level and organ system level confused they are often to
change them or just get them confused because well they sound very close so make sure to
keep those straight when when studying be able to recognize examples be able to give
examples and so you can go fast forward or or backwards and then finally have the organism
which is the highest level of all these levels of organization and of course organism contains
multiple organ systems multiple organs and tissues and cells Adams course so that's the
highest okay very good now will get into studying very very very briefly the four main tissue
types and in the next in the following chapters where we're going to work on a Delavan and
band study in-depth the four primary tissue types and the subtypes and so on so right for now
we're just very tissue connective tissue muscle tissue and nervous tissue histology is the study
of tissues epithelial tissue is for the most part two kind of mankind you have two two two main
types you have the coverings the linings for example our digestive tract is lined with epithelial
tissue or trachea are esophagus our stomach our body are the skin is made out of epithelial
tissue respiratory urinary tract lighting lighting lighting lighting well we also have another kind
which is another type of epithelial tissue which are the glands are sweat glands your oil glands
these are also considered epithelial tissue and in and so one thing of one major characteristic
that that's true of all epithelial tissue is that the cells are for the most part aligned Soldier course
they're tightly knit they're tightly joined panda with with with not with with no Matrix in between
the cells and you have Direction you have like an apical surface and you have a basal surface
also in end in epithelial tissue you have at least one row of cells a movie called you can see the
basement membrane here and so there's directioners actually orientate there always oriented a
particular direction I clean it well if this was your skin this is not skin but if this was your skin then
you would see while the air than the outside of your body would would would be like out here
and the inside then would be down here this this is a simple columnar epithelia a subtype that
we will learn in Anton is coming chapter and therefore this would be a good example of like your
stomach the lining of your stomach okay so connective tissue is like almost the opposite of of of
epithelial tissue why will because connective tissue instead of being very tight-knit cells visit to
very tightly join cells will here's a cell here's a cell here to self they're not even touching as a
matter of fact your connective tissue for the most part barely has any cells and instead is filled
mostly which is the the the protein fibres and ground substance made out of water so for the fur
so it's like connective tissue generally speaking is widely spaced cells with a whole bunch of
Matrix between the cells is totally the opposite of what we just talked about without the field
where the cells are tightly joined tightly knit together like a soldier
the material things in the universe including our bodies and atoms can bond together to form
molecules which are larger chemical groupings and molecules can combine with other
molecules and more atoms to form macromolecules the next level of organization in the body is
the organelle level organelles are made up of cells organelles have specific functions of cells
and they cannot live outside of cells and without organelles cells cannot survive the cellular level
anatomy and physiology Study guide
anatomy and microscopic Anatomy so gross anatomy or macroscopic Anatomy is really just
looking at the structures of the body organs of the body systems of the body that can be viewed
without a microscope so, for example, you look at the heart you can hold a heart in your hand
you can look at the chambers you can study the valves you can study the blood vessels but you
can also take the heart and zoom in requiring a microscope looking at muscle cells and and and
fat cells for example and this is in this is studying microscopic Anatomy because he requires a
microscope so microscopic anatomy and macroscopic is the difference between and the
physiology part of the course is studying the function how those different parts or at that how the
anatomy works together a lot of courses offer Anatomies like a whole year of anatomy and a
whole year of physiology by themselves study anatomy and physiology togetherefinitely has its
advantages cuz you can see how the anatomy works together and then that's the best of
physiology generally Anatomy is studied in lab and the physiologies that he didn't lecture okay
the the first thing we'll really get into is studying the levels of organization and so it's important to
know the the order of the levels of organization so if you want to start from small to large we
have the molecular level you got the cellular level then you have the tissue level organ organ
system and then finally the organism and so it's important to know the the examples to be able
to give examples or to be able to recognize examples of each of the levels of organization and
so will kind of give you the definition as well as there are some examples of the same time so so
you have the molecular level you know you have your you know water carbon dioxide and then
sew on a teepee and you put molecules together you put two organelles together you guys sell
the cellular level soefinitely has its advantages cuz you can see how the anatomy works
together and then that's the best of physiology generally Anatomy is studied in lab and the
physiologies that he didn't lecture okay the the first thing we'll really get into is studying the
levels of organization and so it's important to know the the order of the levels of organization so
if you want to start from small to large we have the molecular level you got the cellular level then
you have the tissue level organ organ system and then finally the organism and so it's important
to know the the examples to be able to give examples or to be able to recognize examples of
each of the levels of organization and so will kind of give you the definition as well as there are
some examples of the same time so so you have the molecular level you know you have your
you know water carbon dioxide and then sew on a teepee and you put molecules together you
put two organelles together you guys sell the cellular level sodifferent kinds of cells working
together in Oregon is two different kinds of tissues working together and so you can sew a good
example of an organ is for example of the skin So in the skin we have epithelial tissue and we
have blood vessels in the Skin So blood is a tissue and epithelial tissue is tissue epithelia is
tissue which is the the lining those two different kinds of tissues make-up and there's more
makeup makeup the skin which will be with call in Oregon so that's an example of of an organ
course he have the liver and you got the kidneys and you got the the ureter and you have
muscle so these are all different kinds of organs and organ system is two or more different kinds
, of organs working together so you have the tissue level two or more kinds of cells working
together the organ level
two or more kinds of tissues they have an organ system two or more kinds of organs for
example the cardiovascular system cardio meaning of a meeting heart vascular meaning blood
vessel blood vesselsheart and blood vessels obviously are very much interconnected
cardiovascular system is an organ system the cardiopulmonary system is another system cardio
pulmonary lungs often get organ level and organ system level confused they are often to
change them or just get them confused because well they sound very close so make sure to
keep those straight when when studying be able to recognize examples be able to give
examples and so you can go fast forward or or backwards and then finally have the organism
which is the highest level of all these levels of organization and of course organism contains
multiple organ systems multiple organs and tissues and cells Adams course so that's the
highest okay very good now will get into studying very very very briefly the four main tissue
types and in the next in the following chapters where we're going to work on a Delavan and
band study in-depth the four primary tissue types and the subtypes and so on so right for now
we're just very tissue connective tissue muscle tissue and nervous tissue histology is the study
of tissues epithelial tissue is for the most part two kind of mankind you have two two two main
types you have the coverings the linings for example our digestive tract is lined with epithelial
tissue or trachea are esophagus our stomach our body are the skin is made out of epithelial
tissue respiratory urinary tract lighting lighting lighting lighting well we also have another kind
which is another type of epithelial tissue which are the glands are sweat glands your oil glands
these are also considered epithelial tissue and in and so one thing of one major characteristic
that that's true of all epithelial tissue is that the cells are for the most part aligned Soldier course
they're tightly knit they're tightly joined panda with with with not with with no Matrix in between
the cells and you have Direction you have like an apical surface and you have a basal surface
also in end in epithelial tissue you have at least one row of cells a movie called you can see the
basement membrane here and so there's directioners actually orientate there always oriented a
particular direction I clean it well if this was your skin this is not skin but if this was your skin then
you would see while the air than the outside of your body would would would be like out here
and the inside then would be down here this this is a simple columnar epithelia a subtype that
we will learn in Anton is coming chapter and therefore this would be a good example of like your
stomach the lining of your stomach okay so connective tissue is like almost the opposite of of of
epithelial tissue why will because connective tissue instead of being very tight-knit cells visit to
very tightly join cells will here's a cell here's a cell here to self they're not even touching as a
matter of fact your connective tissue for the most part barely has any cells and instead is filled
mostly which is the the the protein fibres and ground substance made out of water so for the fur
so it's like connective tissue generally speaking is widely spaced cells with a whole bunch of
Matrix between the cells is totally the opposite of what we just talked about without the field
where the cells are tightly joined tightly knit together like a soldier
the material things in the universe including our bodies and atoms can bond together to form
molecules which are larger chemical groupings and molecules can combine with other
molecules and more atoms to form macromolecules the next level of organization in the body is
the organelle level organelles are made up of cells organelles have specific functions of cells
and they cannot live outside of cells and without organelles cells cannot survive the cellular level
