NUR 111 Final-Exam GRADED A
N101 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
FINAL EXAM
12/10/07
NAME:
1. A nursing intervention that reduces a reservoir of infection for a patient is;
a. covering the mouth and nose when sneezing and coughing,
b. wearing disposable gloves,
c. isolating the patient’s belongings,
d. changing the patient’s soiled dressings.
2. Which of the following patients will have an increased metabolic rate and require nutritional
interventions?
a. A healthy young adult who works in an office
b. A retired person living in a temperate climate
c. A person with a serious infection and fever
d. An older, sedentary adult with painful joints
3. The most effective way to prevent nosocomial infections is to
a. isolate patients who have infections
b. wash all contaminated equipment with detergents
c. cover the mouth and nose with tissues when coughing or sneezing
d. practice conscientious handwashing
4. A patient comes to the emergency department with major burns over 40% of his body.
Although all of the following are true, which one would provide the rationale for a nursing
diagnosis of Risk for Infection?
a. stress may adversely affect normal defense mechanisms
b. stress may adversely affect normal defense mechanisms
c. intact skin and mucous membranes protect against microbial invasion
d. age, race, sex, and hereditary factors influence susceptibility to infection
5. The nurse should include which of these procedures when implementing standard precautions?
a Having visitors wear cap, mask and gown
b Washing hands after removing gloves
c Recapping needles before placing them in containers
d Cleaning areas contaminated with body fluids with hydrogen peroxide
6 Which of these patients is at highest risk for developing a fluid imbalance?
a. a 2-month-old infant who has diarrhea
b. a 15-year-old boy who is mowing the lawn on a hot day
c a 45-year-old woman who is vomiting
d. a 64-year-old man who has hypertension
7. Which of these patients is most susceptible to developing a nosocomial infection?
a. A 28-year-old athlete who had abdominal surgery yesterday
b. A 39-year-old patient who is anemic
c. A 62-year-old patient who has hypothermia
d. A 76-year-old who uses a walker to ambulate
1
,NUR 111 Final-Exam GRADED A
4. Which nursing action would be most effective for monitoring a patient’s fluid balance?
a. auscultate the patient’s lungs for rales every 2 hours
b. assess the patient’s temperature
c. inspect the patient for periorbital edema every 4 hour
d. weigh the patient at the same time every day
5. All of the following are normal findings. Which set of patient data would allow the nurse to
conclude that the nursing actions taken to prevent postoperative pneumonia have been effective?
a. Temperature 98.6F, no cough, no dyspnea, no chest pain.
b. No nausea or vomiting, appetite good, slept well last night.
c. Intake = output, voiding normal amounts, no discomfort in incision except when moving in
bed, Temp. 98.6F.
d. Pulse regular @ 80/min., respirations clear bilaterally @ 20/min., lips pink, skin warm and
dry.
6. Which of these statements, if made by a patient during the nursing history, would indicate the need
to assess for a possible fluid and electrolyte imbalance?
a. “I take a multivitamin everyday.”
b. “I take a laxative every night at bedtime.”
c. “I take acetaminophen occasionally for a headache.”
d. “I take aspirin every day for arthritis.”
7. Which of these is the preferred method for a nurse to obtain an accurate pulse on a 2- year-old
child?
a. Count the radial pulse.
b. Auscultate the apical pulse
c. Palpate the femoral pulse
d. Assess the carotid pulse
8. A patient’s PaCO2 is abnormal on an ABG report. Which of the following would most likely be the
medical diagnosis?
a. rheumatoid arthritis
b. sexually transmitted infection
c. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
d. infection of the bladder and ureters
9. A nurse should recognize that which of these sets of vital signs would be considered normal for a
42-year-old patient?
a. Blood pressure, 92/56 mm Hg; pulse, 52/min: respirations, 28/min.
b. Blood pressure, 118/80 mm Hg: pulse, 72/min: respirations, 6/min.
c. Blood pressure, 128/74 mm Hg: pulse, 70/min: respirations, 18/min.
d. Blood pressure, 152/98 mm Hg: pulse, 74/min: respirations, 20/min.
10. A patient has a decreased potassium level. What high-potassium foods would the nurse teach the
patient to eat?
a. lunch meat, salted nuts, whole milk
b. buttermilk, hard candy, spinach
c. carbonated beverages, beer, olives
d. oranges, bananas, broccoli
2
, NUR 111 Final-Exam GRADED A
15. A nurse who is working at a community health fair identifies that a 48-year-old
woman has a blood pressure of 148/88 mm Hg. Which of these actions should the nurse include in
her discussion with the woman?
a. Tell the woman go the ER immediately.
b. Advise the woman make an appointment with her doctor to follow-up on her
blood pressure.
c. Review life style modifications with the woman since she has hypertension based on
this one reading.
d. Recognize that this reading is within normal limits.
16. A student is learning how to administer intravenous fluids, including accessing a vein.
Although all of the following may occur, which is the most potentially harmful risk posed for
the patient when accessing the vein?
a. discomfort
b. pain
c. minor bleeding
d. infection
17. A nurse assesses an area of pale white skin over a patient's coccyx. After turning the
patient on her side, the skin becomes red and feels warm. What should the nurse do about
these assessments?
a. immediately report to the physician that the patient has a pressure ulcer
b. recognize that this is ischemia, followed by reactive hyperemia and take measures to
avoid the patient developing any further skin problems
c. implement nursing interventions for Altered Skin Integrity
d. document the presence of a pressure ulcer and develop a care plan
18. A specially trained nurse has inserted a PICC line. What would be done next?
a. start administration of prescribed fluids
b. explain the procedure to the patient and family
c. place the patient on restricted oral fluids
d. send the patient to the radiology department
19. Which of these approaches should a nurse take when assisting a 90-year-old patient
who is blind to eat?
a. Feed the patient the entire meal.
b. Encourage the patient to experiment with foods.
c. Orient the patient to the location of the foods on the plate.
d. Teach the patient’s family how to feed the patient.
20. What is the legal source of rules of conduct for nurses?
a. Constitution of the United States
b. agency policies and protocols
c. American Nurses Association
d. Nurse Practice Acts
3
N101 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
FINAL EXAM
12/10/07
NAME:
1. A nursing intervention that reduces a reservoir of infection for a patient is;
a. covering the mouth and nose when sneezing and coughing,
b. wearing disposable gloves,
c. isolating the patient’s belongings,
d. changing the patient’s soiled dressings.
2. Which of the following patients will have an increased metabolic rate and require nutritional
interventions?
a. A healthy young adult who works in an office
b. A retired person living in a temperate climate
c. A person with a serious infection and fever
d. An older, sedentary adult with painful joints
3. The most effective way to prevent nosocomial infections is to
a. isolate patients who have infections
b. wash all contaminated equipment with detergents
c. cover the mouth and nose with tissues when coughing or sneezing
d. practice conscientious handwashing
4. A patient comes to the emergency department with major burns over 40% of his body.
Although all of the following are true, which one would provide the rationale for a nursing
diagnosis of Risk for Infection?
a. stress may adversely affect normal defense mechanisms
b. stress may adversely affect normal defense mechanisms
c. intact skin and mucous membranes protect against microbial invasion
d. age, race, sex, and hereditary factors influence susceptibility to infection
5. The nurse should include which of these procedures when implementing standard precautions?
a Having visitors wear cap, mask and gown
b Washing hands after removing gloves
c Recapping needles before placing them in containers
d Cleaning areas contaminated with body fluids with hydrogen peroxide
6 Which of these patients is at highest risk for developing a fluid imbalance?
a. a 2-month-old infant who has diarrhea
b. a 15-year-old boy who is mowing the lawn on a hot day
c a 45-year-old woman who is vomiting
d. a 64-year-old man who has hypertension
7. Which of these patients is most susceptible to developing a nosocomial infection?
a. A 28-year-old athlete who had abdominal surgery yesterday
b. A 39-year-old patient who is anemic
c. A 62-year-old patient who has hypothermia
d. A 76-year-old who uses a walker to ambulate
1
,NUR 111 Final-Exam GRADED A
4. Which nursing action would be most effective for monitoring a patient’s fluid balance?
a. auscultate the patient’s lungs for rales every 2 hours
b. assess the patient’s temperature
c. inspect the patient for periorbital edema every 4 hour
d. weigh the patient at the same time every day
5. All of the following are normal findings. Which set of patient data would allow the nurse to
conclude that the nursing actions taken to prevent postoperative pneumonia have been effective?
a. Temperature 98.6F, no cough, no dyspnea, no chest pain.
b. No nausea or vomiting, appetite good, slept well last night.
c. Intake = output, voiding normal amounts, no discomfort in incision except when moving in
bed, Temp. 98.6F.
d. Pulse regular @ 80/min., respirations clear bilaterally @ 20/min., lips pink, skin warm and
dry.
6. Which of these statements, if made by a patient during the nursing history, would indicate the need
to assess for a possible fluid and electrolyte imbalance?
a. “I take a multivitamin everyday.”
b. “I take a laxative every night at bedtime.”
c. “I take acetaminophen occasionally for a headache.”
d. “I take aspirin every day for arthritis.”
7. Which of these is the preferred method for a nurse to obtain an accurate pulse on a 2- year-old
child?
a. Count the radial pulse.
b. Auscultate the apical pulse
c. Palpate the femoral pulse
d. Assess the carotid pulse
8. A patient’s PaCO2 is abnormal on an ABG report. Which of the following would most likely be the
medical diagnosis?
a. rheumatoid arthritis
b. sexually transmitted infection
c. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
d. infection of the bladder and ureters
9. A nurse should recognize that which of these sets of vital signs would be considered normal for a
42-year-old patient?
a. Blood pressure, 92/56 mm Hg; pulse, 52/min: respirations, 28/min.
b. Blood pressure, 118/80 mm Hg: pulse, 72/min: respirations, 6/min.
c. Blood pressure, 128/74 mm Hg: pulse, 70/min: respirations, 18/min.
d. Blood pressure, 152/98 mm Hg: pulse, 74/min: respirations, 20/min.
10. A patient has a decreased potassium level. What high-potassium foods would the nurse teach the
patient to eat?
a. lunch meat, salted nuts, whole milk
b. buttermilk, hard candy, spinach
c. carbonated beverages, beer, olives
d. oranges, bananas, broccoli
2
, NUR 111 Final-Exam GRADED A
15. A nurse who is working at a community health fair identifies that a 48-year-old
woman has a blood pressure of 148/88 mm Hg. Which of these actions should the nurse include in
her discussion with the woman?
a. Tell the woman go the ER immediately.
b. Advise the woman make an appointment with her doctor to follow-up on her
blood pressure.
c. Review life style modifications with the woman since she has hypertension based on
this one reading.
d. Recognize that this reading is within normal limits.
16. A student is learning how to administer intravenous fluids, including accessing a vein.
Although all of the following may occur, which is the most potentially harmful risk posed for
the patient when accessing the vein?
a. discomfort
b. pain
c. minor bleeding
d. infection
17. A nurse assesses an area of pale white skin over a patient's coccyx. After turning the
patient on her side, the skin becomes red and feels warm. What should the nurse do about
these assessments?
a. immediately report to the physician that the patient has a pressure ulcer
b. recognize that this is ischemia, followed by reactive hyperemia and take measures to
avoid the patient developing any further skin problems
c. implement nursing interventions for Altered Skin Integrity
d. document the presence of a pressure ulcer and develop a care plan
18. A specially trained nurse has inserted a PICC line. What would be done next?
a. start administration of prescribed fluids
b. explain the procedure to the patient and family
c. place the patient on restricted oral fluids
d. send the patient to the radiology department
19. Which of these approaches should a nurse take when assisting a 90-year-old patient
who is blind to eat?
a. Feed the patient the entire meal.
b. Encourage the patient to experiment with foods.
c. Orient the patient to the location of the foods on the plate.
d. Teach the patient’s family how to feed the patient.
20. What is the legal source of rules of conduct for nurses?
a. Constitution of the United States
b. agency policies and protocols
c. American Nurses Association
d. Nurse Practice Acts
3
