A-level SOCIOLOGY Paper 2 Topics in Sociology june 2020

Outline and explain two ways in which social class may have become less important in shaping identities. [10 marks] 0 2 Read Item A below and answer the question that follows. Item A Mass culture is usually seen as commercially produced by businesses for profit rather than being created by ordinary people or reflecting their experiences. Mass culture is also seen as oversimplified, requiring little thought or evaluation. Mass culture may prevent social change. Applying material from Item A, analyse two ways in which mass culture may prevent social change. [10 marks] 0 3 Read Item B below and answer the question that follows. Item B Feminist sociologists often emphasise the ways in which the socialisation process encourages people to conform to hegemonic masculine and feminine identities that reinforce patriarchy. However, other sociologists have argued that people actively construct their gender identities, and that gender identities have become much more fluid. Applying material from Item B and your knowledge, evaluate feminist views of the extent to which the socialisation process reinforces patriarchy. [20 marks] 3 IB/M/Jun20/7192/2 Turn over ► Topic A2 Families and Households 0 4 Outline and explain two ways in which changing childbearing patterns may have influenced gender roles and relationships within families and households. [10 marks] 0 5 Read Item C below and answer the question that follows. Item C Globalisation involves the growing inter-connectedness between countries through increased travel opportunities. It enables more freedom of choice in terms of lifestyles and personal relationships. Globalisation may influence families and households. Applying material from Item C, analyse two ways in which globalisation may influence families and households. [10 marks] 0 6 Read Item D below and answer the question that follows. Item D Some sociologists argue that UK society has become more child-centred. Children today are more privileged than they have ever been. There are a large range of laws and policies in place to protect them and there is an increasing emphasis now placed on children’s rights. However, other sociologists argue that the extent of child-centredness is exaggerated, and that childhood can be a negative experience for some children. Applying material from Item D and your knowledge, evaluate the view that UK society has become more child-centred. [20 marks] Turn over for the next question 4 IB/M/Jun20/7192/2 Topic A3 Health 0 7 Outline and explain two reasons for social class differences in consumer choices of health care. [10 marks] 0 8 Read Item E below and answer the question that follows. Item E Black and other minority ethnic groups in the UK are more likely than the majority to experience low incomes and live in disadvantaged areas. The cultural values of these groups often prioritise support from the family and community rather than outside support. There are inequalities between ethnic groups in their health chances. Applying material from Item E, analyse two reasons for inequalities between ethnic groups in their health chances. [10 marks] 0 9 Read Item F below and answer the question that follows. Item F Rates of mental illness vary between different social groups, such as those based on social class, gender and ethnicity. Some explanations of mental illness point to social issues such as racism, sexism, poor housing and poverty as contributing factors. Others argue that mental illness is a label applied to deviant behaviour. Mental illness is socially constructed through interpretations made by others. Applying material from Item F and your knowledge, evaluate sociological explanations of the differences in rates of mental illness between social groups. [20 marks] 5 IB/M/Jun20/7192/2 Turn over ► Topic A4 Work, Poverty and Welfare 1 0 Outline and explain two ways in which government policies have affected the distribution of income in the UK. [10 marks] 1 1 Read Item G below and answer the question that follows. Item G The values and attitudes of some members of the working class may lead to them accepting their position in society. Patriarchal values mean that females can be disadvantaged. Some social groups are more likely than others to experience poverty. Applying material from Item G, analyse two reasons why some social groups are more likely than others to experience poverty. [10 marks] 1 2 Read Item H below and answer the question that follows. Item H Worklessness affects retired people and those unable to work as well as unemployed people. People without work are more likely to be disadvantaged than those in work. They are excluded from some aspects of social life and their life chances are diminished. There are others who do not work because they have sufficient wealth. However, some sociologists argue that work is now less important as a source of identity and that worklessness has become less significant. Applying material from Item H and your knowledge, evaluate sociological explanations of the effects of worklessness on people’s lives and life chances.