Quiz #1: Chapter 1 – Human Anatomy
1) When comparing the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus,
which of the following statements is correct?
a. The medial epicondyle is more toward the front of the body than the lateral epicondyle
b. The medial epicondyle is more toward the back of the body than the lateral epicondyle
c. The medial epicondyle is more toward the midline of the body than the lateral epicondyle
d. The medial epicondyle is more away from the midline of the body than the lateral epicondyle
Explanation
c. The medial epicondyle is more toward the midline of the body than the lateral epicondyle
The term ―medial‖ means ―toward the midline of the body,‖ while the term ―lateral‖ means ―away from
the midline of the body.‖
2) Which of the following is NOT one of four types of tissue found in the human body?
a. Muscular
b. Nervous
c. Epithelial
d. Vascular
Explanation
d. Vascular
The four primary types of tissue are muscular, nervous, connective, and epithelial.
3) Which of the four components of blood carries hormones, food materials, ions, and gases throughout
the body?
a. Plasma
b. Red blood cells
c. White blood cells
d. Platelets
Explanation
a. Plasma
The liquid component of blood, called plasma, is responsible for carrying hormones, plasma proteins,
food materials (e.g., carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids), ions (e.g., sodium, chloride, bicarbonate), and
gases (e.g., oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide) throughout the body.
,4) When blood is flowing through the heart, where does it go after passing through the tricuspid valve?
a. Right atrium
b. Left atrium
c. Right ventricle
d. Left ventricle
Explanation
c. Right ventricle
Blood passes through the tricuspid valve on its way from the right atrium to the right ventricle.
5) The average person’s breathing rate through the nose is equal to 20 to 30 liters per minute while at
rest.
a. True
b. False
Explanation
b. False
Humans normally breathe approximately 5 to 6 liters of air per minute through the nose when at rest, but
use the mouth as the primary passageway for air when ventilation is increased to approximately 20 to 30
liters per minute during exercise.
ACE’s Essentials of Exercise Science for Fitness Professionals, p. 8
6) Which of the following movements takes place in the frontal plane?
a. Depression of the scapulae
b. Flexion at the elbow
c. Extension at the hip
d. Supination at the wrist
Explanation
a. Depression of the scapulae
The movements that take place in the frontal plane are as follows:
Abduction
Adduction
Elevation
Depression
Inversion
Eversion
,7) Which of the following statements about flexibility is CORRECT?
a. As people age, flexibility naturally increases due to decreased collagen levels.
b. Males are generally more flexible than females.
c. Collagen is made up of proteins that limit motion and resist stretch.
d. The build-up of scar tissue after injury often increases flexibility.
Explanation
c. Collage is made up proteins that limit motion and resist stretch.
Structures containing large amounts of collagen tend to limit motion and resist stretch. Thus, collagen
fibers are the main constituents of tissues such as ligaments and tendons that are subjected to a pulling
force. Regarding the other options, flexibility decreases with aging, females are generally more flexible
than males, and scar tissue limits flexibility.
8) Which pair of shoulder muscles is BEST strengthened by shoulder shrugs performed with resistance?
a. Rhomboid major and rhomboid minor
b. Pectoralis minor and serratus anterior
c. Levator scapulae and trapezius
d. Teres major and latissimus dorsi
Explanation
c. Levator scapulae and trapezius
These two muscles that act at the shoulder girdle to elevate the scapula are effectively targeted byshoulder
shrugs.
9) The birddog is an effective exercise for which of the following muscles that act at the trunk?
a. Multifidi
b. Erector spinae
c. Rectus abdominis
d. Transverse abdominis
Explanation
a. Multifidi
The multifidi, which contribute to spinal stability during trunk extension, rotation, and side-bending, are
effectively targeted by the birddog.
, 10) Which category of hip muscles is primarily responsible for hip adduction?
a. Anterior muscles
b. Posterior muscles
c. Medial muscles
d. Lateral muscles
Explanation
c. Medial muscles
The medial hip muscles (i.e., those hip muscles closer to the midline of the body), including the
pectineus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, gracilis, and adductor magnus, are primarily responsible for
hip adduction.
1) When comparing the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus,
which of the following statements is correct?
a. The medial epicondyle is more toward the front of the body than the lateral epicondyle
b. The medial epicondyle is more toward the back of the body than the lateral epicondyle
c. The medial epicondyle is more toward the midline of the body than the lateral epicondyle
d. The medial epicondyle is more away from the midline of the body than the lateral epicondyle
Explanation
c. The medial epicondyle is more toward the midline of the body than the lateral epicondyle
The term ―medial‖ means ―toward the midline of the body,‖ while the term ―lateral‖ means ―away from
the midline of the body.‖
2) Which of the following is NOT one of four types of tissue found in the human body?
a. Muscular
b. Nervous
c. Epithelial
d. Vascular
Explanation
d. Vascular
The four primary types of tissue are muscular, nervous, connective, and epithelial.
3) Which of the four components of blood carries hormones, food materials, ions, and gases throughout
the body?
a. Plasma
b. Red blood cells
c. White blood cells
d. Platelets
Explanation
a. Plasma
The liquid component of blood, called plasma, is responsible for carrying hormones, plasma proteins,
food materials (e.g., carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids), ions (e.g., sodium, chloride, bicarbonate), and
gases (e.g., oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide) throughout the body.
,4) When blood is flowing through the heart, where does it go after passing through the tricuspid valve?
a. Right atrium
b. Left atrium
c. Right ventricle
d. Left ventricle
Explanation
c. Right ventricle
Blood passes through the tricuspid valve on its way from the right atrium to the right ventricle.
5) The average person’s breathing rate through the nose is equal to 20 to 30 liters per minute while at
rest.
a. True
b. False
Explanation
b. False
Humans normally breathe approximately 5 to 6 liters of air per minute through the nose when at rest, but
use the mouth as the primary passageway for air when ventilation is increased to approximately 20 to 30
liters per minute during exercise.
ACE’s Essentials of Exercise Science for Fitness Professionals, p. 8
6) Which of the following movements takes place in the frontal plane?
a. Depression of the scapulae
b. Flexion at the elbow
c. Extension at the hip
d. Supination at the wrist
Explanation
a. Depression of the scapulae
The movements that take place in the frontal plane are as follows:
Abduction
Adduction
Elevation
Depression
Inversion
Eversion
,7) Which of the following statements about flexibility is CORRECT?
a. As people age, flexibility naturally increases due to decreased collagen levels.
b. Males are generally more flexible than females.
c. Collagen is made up of proteins that limit motion and resist stretch.
d. The build-up of scar tissue after injury often increases flexibility.
Explanation
c. Collage is made up proteins that limit motion and resist stretch.
Structures containing large amounts of collagen tend to limit motion and resist stretch. Thus, collagen
fibers are the main constituents of tissues such as ligaments and tendons that are subjected to a pulling
force. Regarding the other options, flexibility decreases with aging, females are generally more flexible
than males, and scar tissue limits flexibility.
8) Which pair of shoulder muscles is BEST strengthened by shoulder shrugs performed with resistance?
a. Rhomboid major and rhomboid minor
b. Pectoralis minor and serratus anterior
c. Levator scapulae and trapezius
d. Teres major and latissimus dorsi
Explanation
c. Levator scapulae and trapezius
These two muscles that act at the shoulder girdle to elevate the scapula are effectively targeted byshoulder
shrugs.
9) The birddog is an effective exercise for which of the following muscles that act at the trunk?
a. Multifidi
b. Erector spinae
c. Rectus abdominis
d. Transverse abdominis
Explanation
a. Multifidi
The multifidi, which contribute to spinal stability during trunk extension, rotation, and side-bending, are
effectively targeted by the birddog.
, 10) Which category of hip muscles is primarily responsible for hip adduction?
a. Anterior muscles
b. Posterior muscles
c. Medial muscles
d. Lateral muscles
Explanation
c. Medial muscles
The medial hip muscles (i.e., those hip muscles closer to the midline of the body), including the
pectineus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, gracilis, and adductor magnus, are primarily responsible for
hip adduction.
