Ductus venosus connects ______ to ______? Ans - Umb. vein to IVC
Foramen ovale connects _______to______? Ans - R. atrium to L. atrium
Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to _______? Ans - Pulm. artery to aorta
Normal rate Ans - 110 to 160 BPM
Average baseline rate at 15wks gestation Ans - 160 BPM
Average rate in fetus with heart block Ans - 60 BPM (intrinsic ventricular or
nodal rate)
Sympathetic effects Ans - Incr. HR, constricted peripheral and visceral blood
vessels, vital organs dilate and receive more blood
Gest. age at which autonomic nervous system is fully developed Ans - ~
32wks
Primary indicator of fetal oxygenation Ans - Presence or absence of
variability
Location of chemoreceptors Ans - aortic arch
Chemoreceptors respond to? Ans - Changes in O2 and CO2
Location of baroreceptors Ans - Aortic arch and carotid bodies
Maximal reactivity occurs when? Ans - Late at night
Max duration of fetal nonreactivity? Ans - 80min
Sensitivity Ans - Probablity of detecting a true positive
Specificity Ans - Probability that true negative will be detected
False positive Ans - erroneosly positive when reality is negative
False negative Ans - erroneously negative when reality is positive
NST Ans - Two 15x15 accels in 20min (up to 40min)
% of false positive CSTs? Ans - ~ 30%